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2.
Radiats Biol Radioecol ; 56(4): 433-439, 2016 Jul.
Article in English, Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30703303

ABSTRACT

Implementation of field experiments took place in two sites located in the Bragin district of the Gomel region, Belarus, i.e. a field in the evacuation zone and a private plot of land in a residential area of thedistrict. The objective of the research was to study the levels of radioactive contamination of air due to the dust raised up during crop harvesting operations. Comparative dose assessment was done to assess external exposure and committed effective doses of internal exposure due to inhalation of (241)Am, (238,239+240)Pu, (137)Cs and (90)Sr by agricultural workers involved in dust-generating harvesting operations. According to the results, the dominant contributors (93-97%) to internal exposure of agricultural workers both on a private plot of land and in the area of evacuation, were the transuranic elements (241)Am and (238,239,240)Pu. In the context of the total doses received by the harvest-workers, the dominant contribution belonged to external exposure which was 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than the levels of internal exposure due to inhalation of radionuclides.


Subject(s)
Air Pollution, Radioactive/adverse effects , Chernobyl Nuclear Accident , Farmers , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Cesium Radioisotopes/toxicity , Female , Humans , Male , Republic of Belarus
3.
Khirurgiia (Mosk) ; (6): 60-2, 2007.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17690669

ABSTRACT

Hemostasis system was examined at 58 patients who underwent transurethral prostate resection due to benign prostatic hyperplasia. All the patients were divided into 2 groups: the study group where the surgery was performed under spinal anesthesia, and control - under intravenous anesthesia. The hemostasis system was examined before surgery and on 1st, 3rd and 5th day after it. It is revealed that the surgery under intravenous anesthesia is associated with increase of coagulation potential and decrease of fibrinolytic activity that is the most marked on 3rd and 5th day.


Subject(s)
Hemostasis/physiology , Prostatectomy/methods , Prostatic Hyperplasia/surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prostatic Hyperplasia/blood , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
5.
Radiats Biol Radioecol ; 46(1): 77-81, 2006.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16579548

ABSTRACT

The database on 137Cs and or 90Sr transfer factors in the soil-fodder-animal products chain compiled in the framework of the project "Radioecological Consequences of the Chernobyl Accident" under the French-German Initiative was analyzed. The 137Cs transfer factors were determined into 10 fodder types for farm animals. The 137Cs and 90Sr transfer from daily diet to milk is practically independent from milk yield and season and is about 0.83% and 0.16%. 137Cs transfer factor into beef (adult animals) is about to 2.4% from the daily uptake with fodder per 1 kg meat.


Subject(s)
Cesium Radioisotopes/analysis , Chernobyl Nuclear Accident , Food Chain , Food Contamination, Radioactive/analysis , Soil Pollutants, Radioactive/analysis , Strontium Radioisotopes/analysis , Animals , Databases, Factual , Radiation Monitoring , Republic of Belarus , Russia , Ukraine
6.
Radiats Biol Radioecol ; 42(4): 429-32, 2002.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12395781

ABSTRACT

An experiment was conducted on feeding lactating cows with soil and turf additives contaminated with both 137Cs and 90Sr of the Chernobyl origin. The radionuclides transfer coefficients (%) in the food chain were for soil additives: for 137Cs--0.02 +/- 0.006, for 90Sr--0.01 +/- 0.002; for turf additives: for 137Cs--0.02 +/- 0.005, for 90Sr--0.06 +/- 0.035. Regarding 90Sr, there is no significant tendency to higher transfer rate for the radionuclide from turf component compared to that for soil component. A contribution of soil component as well as turf component of soil was evaluated as an additional source of milk contamination while grazing cattle. It was concluded that the contribution is not pronounced at the remedial period after the accident (approximately 3% from total activity consumed with ration) and it can be rejected in cattle breeding practice. The results achieved can be used for prediction of radionuclides concentrations in milk produce in cattle breeding under industrial contamination of agricultural lands.


Subject(s)
Milk/metabolism , Plants/metabolism , Radioisotopes/metabolism , Soil Pollutants, Radioactive/metabolism , Animals , Cattle , Food Contamination , Power Plants , Radioactive Hazard Release , Ukraine
7.
Med Tekh ; (3): 45-6, 2002.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12224252

ABSTRACT

The authors propose a laser angioplasty technology that differs in that pulse-periodic nitric N2-laser (wavelength, approximately 337 nm; power, 0.5 W; pulse energy, 5 mJ; repetition frequency, approximately 100 Hz) is used as a source of laser radiation. The technology has an environmental purity (a working nitrogen-helium mixture) and a vast resource (approximately 10(7) pulses). A conical-profile quartz fiber (focon) that can accumulate and transmit the bulk of laser energy is employed to transmit laser light.


Subject(s)
Angioplasty, Laser/methods , Laser Therapy , Angioplasty, Laser/instrumentation , Humans
9.
Radiats Biol Radioecol ; 34(3): 323-7, 1994.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8069362

ABSTRACT

Enhancing stimulation effect of prostaglandin E1 on adenylate cyclase, decrease in basal activity of adenylate cyclase in platelets and reducing thyroxine concentration in cow plasma 5 years after radioiodine damage to thyroid gland with doses higher than 200 Gy were detected, whereas only decrease in adenylate cyclase activity in platelets from animals irradiated with 40 Gy to thyroid gland was observed. No changes in platelet adenylate cyclase in cows exposed to less than 1 Gy to thyroid gland after 5 years of maintenance on the territory with 137Cs contamination density lower than 0.37 MBq/m2 were found.


Subject(s)
Accidents , Adenylyl Cyclases/blood , Cesium Radioisotopes , Nuclear Reactors , Radioactive Pollutants , Thyroxine/blood , Animals , Blood Platelets/enzymology , Cattle , Follow-Up Studies , Radiation Dosage , Thyroid Gland/radiation effects , Time Factors , Ukraine
10.
Radiats Biol Radioecol ; 34(3): 342-8, 1994.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8069365

ABSTRACT

The dependence of dose modifying factor after the consecutive thermoradiation actions on dose rate and dose of ionizing radiation as well as on temperature and duration of its application was studied for yeast cells. The results obtained were described and interpreted by means of the mathematical model of synergism in accordance with which the synergism is expected to result from the additional lethal damage arising from the interaction of sublesions induced by both agents.


Subject(s)
Hot Temperature , Radiation, Ionizing , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/radiation effects , Cobalt Radioisotopes , Diploidy , Models, Theoretical , Prognosis , Radiation Dosage , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/cytology , Time Factors
11.
Radiobiologiia ; 29(4): 495-500, 1989.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2675173

ABSTRACT

The application of a mathematical model of synergism in describing the consecutive combined actions of ionizing radiation and other physical agents has been considered. Using various cell systems it has been shown that the model permits to predict the highest dose modifying factor and conditions in which it can be achieved.


Subject(s)
Cells/radiation effects , Radiation Tolerance , Animals , Cell Survival/radiation effects , Cricetinae , Cricetulus , Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation , Escherichia coli/radiation effects , Hyperthermia, Induced , Mathematics , Models, Biological , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/radiation effects , Ultrasonics , Ultraviolet Rays
13.
Med Radiol (Mosk) ; 33(12): 41-6, 1988 Dec.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3060699

ABSTRACT

A previously proposed mathematical model for the description of the effects of simultaneous action of hyperthermia and ionizing radiation was used to predict the successive treatment of these agents. The model suggests that the synergistic effect of combined action of ionizing radiation and hyperthermia is caused by additional lethal damages arising from the interaction of sublesions induced by both agents. These sublesions are not lethal after the action of these modalities, each taken alone. The model was tested against experimental data reported by other authors. The applicability of the proposed model was demonstrated to predict the dose modifying factor and the limited modification of mammalian cell radiosensitivity by hyperthermia as well as to reveal a more effective sequence of these agents.


Subject(s)
Cell Survival/radiation effects , Hot Temperature , Animals , Cell Line , Cricetinae , Cricetulus , Mathematics , Models, Biological , Rats
17.
Acta Vitaminol Enzymol ; 5(4): 251-4, 1983.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6673576

ABSTRACT

A protein with thiamine-binding activity (14 nmole/mg protein) was isolated from rat red cells by affinity chromatography. Adsorbent with varying degrees of hydrophobicity containing thiamine as ligand were used for the isolation. A 2300-fold purification in a 50% overall yield was attained. The purified thiamine-binding protein is homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecylsulfate.


Subject(s)
Carrier Proteins/blood , Erythrocytes/analysis , Animals , Chromatography, Affinity , Rats
18.
Vopr Med Khim ; 28(5): 108-11, 1982.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7179826

ABSTRACT

14C-thiamine transport across the membranes of erythrocytes obtained from blood of normal rats was studied. The active transport was observed at less than 0.5 microM thiamine concentration. An increase in the thiamine concentration resulted in a decrease in the active transport which was accompanied by increased diffusion. Thiamine analogs inhibited its transport into erythrocytes with different efficiency. The rate of thiamine phosphate esters formation in the course of incubation characterized the state of functional activity of the kinase and phosphatase systems. The data obtained suggest that transport and phosphorylation are independent processes in erythrocytes.


Subject(s)
Erythrocyte Membrane/metabolism , Erythrocytes/metabolism , Thiamine/metabolism , Animals , Biological Transport, Active/drug effects , Cell Membrane Permeability/drug effects , Depression, Chemical , In Vitro Techniques , Oxythiamine/pharmacology , Phosphorylation , Pyrithiamine/pharmacology , Rats
19.
Biull Eksp Biol Med ; 93(1): 110-2, 1982 Jan.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7066494

ABSTRACT

Protein with thiamine-binding activity (14 nmole/mg protein) was isolated from rat red cells by affinity chromatography. Adsorbents with varying degrees of hydrophoby containing thiamine as ligand were made use for isolation. A2300-fold purification with a 50% overall yield was attained. The protein preparation was found to be homogenous upon polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The role of pH of the medium, of ions of bivalent metals in vitamin B1 binding with the protein isolated has been shown.


Subject(s)
Carrier Proteins/blood , Erythrocytes/analysis , Animals , Chromatography, Affinity , Rats
20.
Vopr Med Khim ; 27(5): 690-4, 1981.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7314588

ABSTRACT

Protein-bound and free forms of thiamin diphosphate (TDP) (separated by dialysis and gel filtration) were found in rat erythrocytes. Content of TDP in blood did not correlate with the transketolase activity at the initial steps of B1 avitaminosis. Decrease of the DTP total amount in blood by more than 80% did not affect distinctly the transketolase activity. As shown by binding of 14C-TDP during the equilibrium dialysis and gel filtration, the apotransketolase did not occur in erythrocytes of thiamin-deficient rats. Activation of transketolase, which occurred after addition of 50 mg TDP into the whole blood lysates (TDP-effect), was characteristic for the later steps of the avitaminosis; it depended rather on leukocyte than on erythrocyte transketolase. Estimation of TDP concentration in blood was the most suitable assay for a body providing with thiamin at the early steps of the avitaminosis. The accuracy of the coenzyme estimation was decreased within 15-30 days of the avitaminosis due to its drastic lowering. In this case, determination of the transketolase activity was the most suitable criterion. The thiamin-binding protein, found in erythrocytes, appears to participate in transport of the vitamin across erythrocyte membranes.


Subject(s)
Thiamine Deficiency/blood , Thiamine Pyrophosphate/blood , Thiamine/blood , Transketolase/blood , Animals , Blood Proteins/metabolism , Carbon Radioisotopes , Erythrocytes/metabolism , Free Radicals , Protein Binding , Rats
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