Association between MCU Gene Polymorphisms with Obesity: Findings from the All of Us Research Program.

Obesity is a public health crisis, and its prevalence disproportionately affects African Americans in the United States. Dysregulation of organelle calcium homeostasis is associated with obesity. The mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) complex is primarily responsible for mitochondrial calcium homeostasis. Obesity is a multifactorial disease in which genetic underpinnings such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may contribute to disease progression. The objective of this study was to identify genetic variations of MCU with anthropometric measurements and obesity in the All of Us Research Program. METHODS: We used an additive genetic model to assess the association between obesity traits (body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumference) and selected MCU SNPs in 19,325 participants (3221 normal weight and 16,104 obese). Eleven common MCU SNPs with a minor allele frequency ≥ 5% were used for analysis. RESULTS: We observed three MCU SNPs in self-reported Black/African American (B/AA) men, and six MCU SNPs in B/AA women associated with increased risk of obesity, whereas six MCU SNPs in White men, and nine MCU SNPs in White women were protective against obesity development. CONCLUSIONS: This study found associations of MCU SNPs with obesity, providing evidence of a potential predictor of obesity susceptibility in B/AA adults.

Primary Care Psychiatry eConsults at a Rural Academic Medical Center: Descriptive Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Primary care providers serve a crucial role in addressing the mental health needs of many patients. However, there are times when input from a psychiatric specialist may be helpful in supporting the mental health care provided in primary care. Psychiatry eConsults can serve as a valuable tool in providing specialist advice for primary care physicians when direct referral to specialty care is not readily available. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study is to evaluate the content and implementation of psychiatric eConsults by primary care providers in a rural academic medical center. METHODS: This is a retrospective review of 343 eConsults placed between May 2016 and February 2019 by primary care providers at a single academic medical center. The content of eConsult requests, including patient diagnosis, consult question type, specialist recommendations, patient demographics, the distance of patient and primary care providers from the consulting provider, rate of implementation of the recommendation, and response time, were analyzed. RESULTS: The most common diagnoses associated with eConsults were depression (162/450, 36%) and anxiety (118/450, 26%). The most commonly asked eConsult question was regarding medication management, including medication choice, side effects, interactions, and medication taper (288/343, 84%). More than one recommendation was included in 76% (259/343) of eConsults, and at least one recommendation was implemented by the primary care provider in 94% (282/300) of eConsults. The average time to respond to an eConsult was 26 hours. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that psychiatry eConsults can be conducted in a timely manner and that primary care providers implement the recommendations at a high rate.

The Impact of Alexithymia on Emotion Dysregulation in Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa over Time.

Research supports that anorexia nervosa-restricting subtype (AN-R) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are associated with emotion regulation difficulties and alexithymia. However, the impact of diagnosis on the relationship between these constructs is less well understood. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether eating disorder diagnosis moderated the association between admission alexithymia and emotion regulation through discharge. Adult patients with AN-R (n = 54) and BN (n = 60) completed assessments at treatment admission and discharge from a partial hospital program. Eating disorder diagnosis moderated the association between admission alexithymia levels and change in global emotion dysregulation, impulse control difficulties and access to emotion regulation strategies. At higher levels of admission alexithymia, there were no differences between AN-R and BN on emotion dysregulation, whereas at lower levels of alexithymia, AN-R patients demonstrated lower levels of emotion dysregulation. Results imply that difficulties with alexithymia appear to have a greater impact on emotion dysregulation for AN-R patients. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.