Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 17 de 17
Filter
1.
Int J Microbiol ; 2024: 4894004, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38500634

ABSTRACT

PCR and its variants (RT-PCR and qRT-PCR) are valuable and innovative molecular techniques for studying nucleic acids. qPCR has proven to be highly sensitive, efficient, and reproducible, generating reliable results that are easy to analyze. During the COVID-19 pandemic, qPCR became the gold standard technique for detecting the SARS-CoV-2 virus that allowed to confirm the infection event, and those asymptomatic ones, and thus save millions of lives. In-house multiplex qPCR tests were developed worldwide to detect different viral targets and ensure results, follow the infections, and favor the containment of a pandemic. Here, we present the detailed fundamentals of the qPCR technique based on fluorogenic probes and processes to develop and optimize a successful multiplex RT-qPCR test for detecting SARS-CoV-2 that could be used to diagnose COVID-19 accurately.

2.
Infectio ; 26(1): 78-82, ene.-mar. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1350852

ABSTRACT

Abstract With the present review, we propose recognizing and analyzing some fundamental aspects recently reported in the literature, which relate the oral cavity to SARS CoV-2 infection. A literature search was performed in Pubmed, Scopus, Scielo and the medRivx preprint server. There, articles published during 2019 and 2020 were selected from research associated with oral cavity, COVID 19, SARS-CoV-2, viral diagnosis in saliva and the use of mouth rinses as a possible mechanism to reduce viral load. A total of 33 articles related to oral cavity; SARS-CoV-2 infection; oral manifestations of COVID 19; symptomatology, saliva diagnosis, and the use of mouth rinses to minimize the risk of infection were selected. The oral manifestations of COVID 19 were recognized among the findings; also, the potential of the oral cavity as a site of infection and viral dissemination to other organs was evidenced and the role of saliva as a diagnostic tool for SARS-CoV-2. Knowledge about the oral cavity and the relationship with SARS-CoV-2 is limited, making necessary a better understanding the oral manifestations during CO VID-19, symptoms and possible complications in the mouth. The need for the establishment of infection prevention strategies during dental practice is identified.


Resumen La presente revisión se propuso reconocer y analizar algunos aspectos fundamentales reportados recientemente en la literatura, que relacionan la cavidad bucal con la infección por SARS-CoV-2. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en Pubmed, Scopus, Scielo y el servidor de preimpresión medRivx. Posteriormente, los artículos publicados durante 2019 y 2020 fueron seleccionados de una búsqueda asociada a la cavidad oral, COVID 19, SARS-CoV-2, diagnóstico viral en saliva y uso de enjuagues bucales como posible mecanismo para reducir la carga viral. Se seleccionó un total de 33 artículos relacionados con la cavidad bucal; infección por SARS-CoV-2; manifestaciones orales de COVID 19; sintomatología, diagnós tico en saliva y uso de enjuagues bucales para minimizar el riesgo de infección. Las manifestaciones orales de COVID 19 fueron reconocidas entre los hallazgos; además, se evidenció el potencial de la cavidad bucal como sitio de infección y diseminación viral a otros órganos y el papel de la saliva como herramienta de diagnóstico para el SARS-CoV-2. El conocimiento sobre la cavidad bucal y la relación con el SARS-CoV-2 es limitado, por lo que es necesario profundizar en las manifestaciones bucales durante la CO VID-19, síntomas y posibles complicaciones en la boca. Se identificó la necesidad de establecer estrategias de prevención de la infección durante la práctica odontológica.

3.
Curr Pharm Des ; 27(39): 4049-4061, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34348619

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of schizophrenia lacks reliable medical diagnostic tests and robust biomarkers applied to clinical practice. Schizophrenic patients undergoing treatment with antipsychotics suffer reduced life expectancy due to metabolic disarrangements that co-exist with their mental illness and predispose them to develop metabolic syndrome, which is also exacerbated by medication. Metabolomics is an emerging and potent technology able to accelerate this biomedical research. AIM: This review focus on a detailed vision of the molecular mechanisms involved both in schizophrenia and antipsychotic-induced metabolic syndrome, based on innovative metabolites that consistently change in nascent metabolic syndrome, drug-naïve, first episode psychosis and/or schizophrenic patients compared to healthy subjects. Main Lines: Supported by metabolomic approaches, although not exclusively, noteworthy variations are reported mainly through serum samples of patients and controls in several scenes: 1) alterations in fatty acids, inflammatory response indicators, amino acids and biogenic amines, biometals, and gut microbiota metabolites (schizophrenia); 2) alterations in metabolites involved in carbohydrate and gut microbiota metabolism, inflammation and oxidative stress (metabolic syndrome), some of them shared with schizophrenia; 3) alterations of cytokines secreted by adipose tissue, phosphatidylcholines, acylcarnitines, Sirtuin 1, orexin-A, and changes in microbiota composition (antipsychotic-induced metabolic syndrome). CONCLUSION: Novel insights into the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and metabolic side-effects associated with its antipsychotic treatment represent an urgent request for scientists and clinicians. Leptin, carnitines, adiponectin, insulin, or interleukin-6 represent some examples of candidate biomarkers. Cutting-edge technologies like metabolomics have the power to strengthen research for achieving preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutical solutions for schizophrenia.


Subject(s)
Antipsychotic Agents , Metabolic Syndrome , Psychotic Disorders , Schizophrenia , Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use , Humans , Metabolic Syndrome/drug therapy , Metabolomics , Psychotic Disorders/drug therapy , Schizophrenia/drug therapy
4.
Acta biol. colomb ; 24(3): 520-527, Sep.-Dec. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1054646

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT In vitro studies on the pathogenesis of the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) are conducted regularly using laboratory adapted strains that lose some characteristics during the adaptation process. Since HCMV is excreted from bodily fluids during infection or reactivation, this work aimed to isolate and culture HCMV from the MRC-5 human cells found in the urine, bronchoalveolar lavage, saliva, and plasma samples of pediatric patients with probable or confirmed infection. The samples were inoculated on cell cultures either for 14 days or until a cytopathic effect (CPE) of 80 % was observed. The cell lysates and supernatants were used to perform successive viral passages. Besides HCMV, the herpes simplex virus was detected from all the saliva samples. Inoculation of the HCMV positive sera induced cell clustering and immediate monolayer damage that restricted their use. One sample of bronchoalveolar lavage induced a CPE after inoculation like that of the HCMV reference strains (Towne and Merlin), which was consequently propagated and titrated. A second viral isolate derived from the urine sample of a patient with congenital infection did not demonstrate a CPE, although presence of the virus had been confirmed using PCR. The viral isolates were examined and found to be negative for adenoviruses or enteroviruses. Despite the evident difficulty encountered for the isolation and harvesting of the HCMV, this work shows that it was possible to obtain a low passage viral strain using a modified shell vial method and inoculation protocol with extended follow-up and confirmation.


RESUMEN Estudios in vitro de la patogénesis del citomegalovirus humano (HCMV) se hace empleando cepas adaptadas de laboratorio que han perdido algunas de sus características durante ese proceso. En vista que el HCMV se excreta en distintos fluidos corporales, dependiendo de la condición clínica del paciente, en este trabajo se propuso aislar y propagar HCMV en fibroblastos MRC-5 usando muestras de orina, lavado broncoalveolar, saliva y plasma de pacientes pediátricos. Estas muestras fueron inoculadas sobre los cultivos celulares por 14 días o hasta alcanzar un efecto citopático en el 80 % de la monocapa. El lisado celular y el sobrenadante del aislamiento se usaron para hacer pasajes virales sucesivos. Además de HCMV, el virus de herpes simple se aisló en todas las muestras de saliva. Con el empleo de los sueros positivos para HCMV se observó la formación de agregados y daño inmediato en la monocapa que impidieron su uso. Una muestra de lavado broncoalveolar indujo ECP desde la inoculación, similar al control positivo para HCMV (cepas Towne y Merlin), por lo que fue propagada y se tituló. Un segundo aislamiento viral obtenido de la orina de un paciente con infección congénita no produjo ECP a pesar de ser confirmado por PCR. En los aislamientos llevados hasta el pasaje 1, se descartó la presencia de enterovirus y adenovirus. A pesar de la evidente dificultad para aislar y propagar el HCMV, fue posible obtener un aislamiento usando un protocolo de Shell vial e inoculación modificado, y con un seguimiento prolongado del proceso.

5.
Univ. odontol ; 31(66): 115-123, ene.-jun. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-673816

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: la infección por virus herpes simple tipo 1 (VHS-1) es una de las más frecuentesen la población humana; produce infecciones en mucosa oral, piel, ojos e inclusoen el sistema nervioso, que causa encefalitis. Después de la infección en la región orofacial,este virus puede permanecer en estado de latencia en el ganglio trigémino y eventualmentereactivarse. Objetivo: determinar la presencia de VHS-1 en ganglios trigeminales humanosmediante pruebas paralelas de PCR, RT-PCR e inmunohistoquímica. Métodos: previa aprobacióndel Comité de Ética de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional deColombia y del Instituto de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses, se recolectaron dieciséispares de ganglios trigeminales humanos, que se procesaron tanto para extracción de ácidosnucleicos como para inmunohistoquímica. Resultados: en seis de los ocho donantesanalizados por inmunohistoquímica se encontró marcaje positivo para antígeno de VHS-1.Se halló que nueve de los donantes evaluados por PCR para VHS-1 y cinco de los diezexaminados para transcritos asociados a latencia (LAT) fueron positivos. Conclusión: seencontraron ganglios trigeminales en los que no se detectó virus y otros con distintosestados de infección (activa y latente). En casi todos los ganglios fue evidente el infiltradoinflamatorio asociado. El presente es el primer trabajo en el que se busca sistemáticamentetanto genoma viral como proteínas y transcritos LAT en ganglios trigeminales humanos, locual abre puertas para la investigación tanto de la epidemiología como de los fenómenosasociados a la LAT y reactivación del VHS-1...


Background: Infection by type 1 Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV-1) is the most frequent viralinfection in human population being able to cause injuries in oral mucosa, skin, cornea,and even the central nervous system causing encephalitis. After mucosal infection, HSV-1establishes a lifespan latent infection in trigeminal ganglia where it occasionally reactivatesinfecting primary sites again. It is little known about cell and molecular events responsiblefor infection reactivation and immune response in human ganglia. Objective: To standardizethe obtaining and processing of human trigeminal ganglia to detect specific HSVantigen, DNA and RNA. Methods: After approval of the study by the Universidad NacionalIRB, 32 trigeminal ganglia were obtained from 16 cadavers from the Colombian ForensicMedicine Institute. Results: Using PCR technique to detect viral DNA, it was found that 56.3 %of ganglia (9/16) amplified specific fragment and five out of ten with suitable quality RNAwere positive for latency associated transcript. Conclusion: Some trigeminal ganglia did notshow evidence of infection and some had different HSV-1 infection status (active or latent)with inflammatory cells infiltrate in almost all samples. This is the first work that detectssimultaneously genome, proteins and LAT of HSV-1 in human trigeminal ganglia, leading toexplore findings about the latency and r eactivation pr ocess...


Subject(s)
Skin Diseases, Infectious , Trigeminal Ganglion , Herpes Simplex , Immunohistochemistry , Virus Latency
6.
Nutrire Rev. Soc. Bras. Aliment. Nutr ; 34(1): 115-129, abr. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-517518

ABSTRACT

Clinical and epidemiological researches conduct to the links between diet and chronic diseases, however few methods assess the overall diet quality. The aim of this study was to determine the Healthy Eating Index of people with type 2 diabetes. Social and demographic information about 67 subjects suf fer ing from diabetes had been col lected and, from the diet history, scores were determined following the recommended servings of the American Pyramid Food Guide for the five food groups. Energy percentages of total and saturated fats, cholesterol and sodium consumption, besides diet variety were evaluated. The subjects featured poor education and income levels, besides low-qualification occupations. After classification of the scores, it was observed that 52.2% and 7.5% of the subjects consumed diets requir ing improvements and poor diets, respectively. The ingestion of vegetables, fruits and milk was lower than the dietary recommendations, contrarily to the consumption of total and saturated fats, cholesterol and sodium. It is reasonable to follow up these patients aiming to improve their diet quality, especially the ingestion of low-fat dairy products, fruits and vegetables, thus contributing to the control of diabetes mellitus and comorbiditiy rates.


Las investigaciones clínica y epidemiológica conducen a la asociación entre la dieta y las enfermedades crónicas, pero son pocos los métodos que permiten evaluar la calidadglobal de la dieta. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el índice de alimentación saludable para los diabéticos tipo 2. Recogimos lainformación socio-demográfi ca de 67 pacientes y, con la historia alimentar, se determinaron los puntajes de acuerdo a las porciones recomendadas por la Pirámide de Alimentos de los Estados Unidos para los cinco grupos dealimentos. También se evaluó el porcentaje de energía de grasas total y saturada, el consumo de colesterol y de sodio, además de la variedad de la dieta. Los pacientes presentaron bajo nivel educativo y de ingresos y ocupaciones de baja cualificación. La clasifi cación de los puntajes mostró que 52,2% y el 7,5% de los pacientes tenían dietas que requieren mejoras y pobres, respectivamente. La ingestión de frutas, verduras y lácteos fue inferior a la recomendación dietética, al contrario del consumo de grasatotal y saturada, colesterol y sodio. Es necesaria la vigilancia a estos pacientes para mejorar la calidad de su dieta, especialmente cuanto a la ingestión de lácteos con bajo contenido de grasa, frutas y hortalizas, que contribuyen alcontrol de la diabetes y sus comorbilidades.


Pesquisas clínicas e epidemiológicas conduzem à associação entre a dieta e doenças crônicas, porém poucos métodos avaliam a qualidade global da dieta. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o Índice de Alimentação Saudável de diabéticos tipo 2. Foram coletadas informações sociodemográficas de 67 diabéticos e, a partir da história alimentar, determinados os escores segundo as porções recomendadas pela Pirâmide Alimentar Americana para os cinco grupos de alimentos. Foram também avaliados os percentuais energéticos de gorduras totais e saturadas, o consumo de colesterol e de sódio, além da variedade da dieta. Os diabéticos apresentaram baixo grau de escolaridade e de renda, além de ocupações de baixa qualificação. Classificando os escores, 52,2% e 7,5% dos diabéticos apresentaram dietas que necessitam melhorar e pobres, respectivamente. A ingestão de vegetais, frutas e laticínios foi inferior às recomendações dietéticas, ao contrário do consumo de gorduras totais e saturadas, de colesterol e de sódio. Justifica-se a necessidade do acompanhamento destes pacientes, visando melhorar a qualidade das dietas, especialmente quanto à ingestão de produtos lácteos com baixo teor de gordura, frutas e vegetais, contribuindo para o controle do diabetes Mellitus e de comorbidades.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , /statistics & numerical data , Feeding Behavior , Recommended Dietary Allowances , Brazil/epidemiology , Data Interpretation, Statistical
7.
Rev. latinoam. psicol ; 40(1): 141-165, mar. 2008.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-503326

ABSTRACT

El propósito del presente artículo fue evaluar tendencias en la investigación de la Psicología del Desarrollo en América Latina, a partir de los artículos publicados en la Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología desde su inicio hasta el año 2006. Una de las preguntas que guió este trabajo fue: ¿Cuáles son las áreas temáticas que han dominado la investigación en Desarrolloen las diferentes regiones y en cada una de las décadas? Los resultados indicaron que un amplio número de artículos correspondió a las áreas temáticas evaluación e intervención y desarrollo socioemocional; adicionalmente, investigadores de las regiones cono sur y andina son quienespresentan más publicaciones en este período. Se discuten implicaciones para la investigación en Desarrollo en América Latina.


The purpose of the present article was to assess research tendencies in Developmental Psychology in Latin America observed in the publications of the Latin-American Journal ofPsychology between 1969 and 2006. One of the main questions addressed was: What themes have dominated developmental research in different regions and in each of the decadesanalyzed? Findings indicated that a large number of articles focused on topics related to assessment and intervention; similarly, researchers from southern and Andean countriesshowed more developmental publications during this period of time. Implications for developmental research in Latin America are discussed.


Subject(s)
Psychology , Psychology/history
8.
Rev. nutr ; 19(3): 389-401, maio-jun. 2006.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-431756

ABSTRACT

A síndrome metabólica constitui um fator de risco cardiovascular, sendo caracterizada pela associação de hipertensão arterial sistêmica, obesidade abdominal, tolerância à glicose prejudicada, hipertrigliceridemia e baixas concentrações sangüíneas de HDL-colesterol, além dos estados pró-trombótico e pró-inflamatório observados. No entanto, a alimentação adequada, associada a outras modificações no estilo de vida, tais como prática regular de atividade física e abandono do tabagismo, contribui para um melhor controle da doença, prevenindo suas complicações e aumentando a qualidade de vida. Desse modo, o objetivo deste estudo foi revisar, na literatura científica, o papel da dieta na prevenção e tratamento da síndrome metabólica. Os trabalhos sobre o assunto informam que a terapia nutricional visa a limitar o consumo de gorduras saturadas e ácidos graxos trans isômeros, os principais envolvidos no aumento da colesterolemia. O aporte protéico deve ser semelhante às recomendações da população geral, com ênfase no consumo de proteínas de origem vegetal e de peixe. Outro fator importante refere-se ao índice glicêmico dos alimentos: dietas de alto índice glicêmico estão relacionadas à promoção da resistência insulínica, obesidade e diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Quanto às fibras alimentares, muitos estudos comprovam que a dieta rica em fibras diminui o risco de doenças coronarianas e diabetes mellitus tipo 2, além de contribuir para melhor controle glicêmico. Portanto, a alimentação adequada constitui um fator indispensável não somente no tratamento, como também na prevenção da síndrome metabólica.


Subject(s)
Prevalence , Diet Therapy , Cardiovascular Diseases/diet therapy , /diet therapy , /physiopathology , Metabolic Syndrome/diet therapy , Metabolic Syndrome/physiopathology
9.
Rev. ciênc. méd., (Campinas) ; 14(2): 119-128, mar.-abr. 2005. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-460267

ABSTRACT

Considerando a crescente evidência do papel dos ácidos graxos na patogênese do diabetes melito tipo 2 e a elevada mortalidade de diabéticos por doenças cardiovasculares, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o perfil nutricional, com ênfase no consumo de lipídios, de 49 diabéticos tipo 2, virgens no tratamento nutricional, atendidos em um hospital universitário na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A idade média dos homens era de 57 anos, e das mulheres, 55. Foram realizadas avaliaçãoes antropométrica, bioquímica e dietética. A avaliação antropométrica consistiu de mensuração da massa corporal e estatura para determinação do índice de massa corporal, além da circunferência de cintura. Os exames bioquímicos realizados foram glicemias de jejum e pós-prandial e perfil lipídico. Para a avaliação dietética, foram utilizados a história alimentar e o questionário de frequência de consumo de alimentos. Os resultados demostraram um alto percentual de indivíduos com excesso de peso e obesidade abdominal. Os exames laboratoriais revelaram um inadequado controle glicêmico, hipercolesterolemia, hipertriglicerimia, baixas concentrações plasmáticas de HDL-colesterol e elevadas de LDL-C. A avaliação dietética demostrou que a ingestão de gorduras saturadas e colesterol era elevada, enquanto a de gorduras mono e polinsaturadas era inferior aos valores recomendados. Pelo exposto acima, justifica-se a intervenção dietoterápica individualizada para melhorar os hábitos alimentares, corrigindo as inadequações dietéticas observadas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Chronic Disease , Diabetes Mellitus , Diet , Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Nutrition Assessment , Obesity
10.
Hum Genet ; 116(1-2): 91-104, 2005 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15549394

ABSTRACT

Rett syndrome (RTT), the second most common cause of mental retardation in females, has been associated with mutations in MeCP2, the archetypical member of the methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD) family of proteins. MeCP2 additionally possesses a transcriptional repression domain (TRD). We have compared the gene expression profiles of RTT- and normal female-derived lymphoblastoid cells by using cDNA microarrays. Clustering analysis allowed the classification of RTT patients according to the localization of the MeCP2 mutation (MBD or TRD) and those with clinically diagnosed RTT but without detectable MeCP2 mutations. Numerous genes were observed to be overexpressed in RTT patients compared with control samples, including excellent candidate genes for neurodevelopmental disease. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis confirmed that binding of MeCP2 to corresponding promoter CpG islands was lost in RTT-derived cells harboring a mutation in the region of the MECP2 gene encoding the MBD. Bisulfite genomic sequencing demonstrated that the majority of MeCP2 binding occurred in DNA sequences with methylation-associated silencing. Most importantly, the finding that these genes are also methylated and bound by MeCP2 in neuron-related cells suggests a role in this neurodevelopmental disease. Our results provide new data of the underlying mechanisms of RTT and unveil novel targets of MeCP2-mediated gene repression.


Subject(s)
Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/genetics , DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation/physiology , Repressor Proteins/genetics , Rett Syndrome/genetics , Blotting, Western , Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/metabolism , DNA Methylation , DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism , Gene Expression Profiling , Humans , Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2 , Mutation , Repressor Proteins/metabolism , Rett Syndrome/metabolism
11.
Nutrire Rev. Soc. Bras. Aliment. Nutr ; 28: 37-52, dez. 2004. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-420667

ABSTRACT

Considerando-se a alta mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares no Brasil, 31 por cento dos homens e 39 por cento das mulheres, e que a cidade do Rio de Janeiro é uma das que apresenta maior incidência no Brasil, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o perfil dietético e antropométrico de 127 funcionários de um hospital público do Rio de Janeiro e outros determinantes do risco cardiovascular. A avaliação antropométrica considerou a mensuração da massa corporal, estatura e circunferência de cintura. O índice de massa corporal foi determinado. Para avaliação dietética foi utilizado um questionário de freqüência alimentar especificamente direcionado para alimentos ricos em sódio e gordura...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Dietetics , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Hospitals, Municipal , Incidence , Nutrition Assessment , Anthropometry , Hypertension
12.
Cancer Res ; 63(5): 1114-21, 2003 Mar 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12615730

ABSTRACT

Human cancer cell lines are commonly used in basic cancer research to understand the behavior of primary tumors. Aberrations in the DNA methylation patterns are nowadays recognized as a hallmark of the cancer cell. However, no comprehensive study defines the DNA methylation environment present in the established cancer cell lines used in everyday laboratory-based research. To address this matter, we have analyzed 70 widely used human cancer cell lines of 12 different tumor types for CpG island promoter hypermethylation of 15 tumor suppressor genes, global 5-methylcytosine genomic content, chemical response to the demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, and their genetic haplotype for methyl-group metabolism genes. Several conclusions arise from our study: (a) a specific profile of CpG island hypermethylation exists for each tumor type, allowing its classification within hierarchical clusters according to the originating tissue; (b) cancer cell lines generally have higher levels of CpG island hypermethylation than primary tumors, because of the contribution of particular CpG islands and tumor types; and (c) there are no major differences between cell lines in their 5-methylcytosine DNA content, efficacy of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment, and distribution of allelotypes of methyl-group metabolism genes. Our data provide a basis for a better use of human cancer cell lines in basic and translational research with respect to their DNA methylation environment.


Subject(s)
Azacitidine/analogs & derivatives , Cytosine/analogs & derivatives , DNA Methylation , Neoplasms/genetics , 5-Methylcytosine , Azacitidine/pharmacology , Cluster Analysis , CpG Islands , Cytosine/metabolism , DNA, Neoplasm/genetics , DNA, Neoplasm/metabolism , Decitabine , Genes, Tumor Suppressor , Germ-Line Mutation , Humans , Neoplasms/metabolism , Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis , Tumor Cells, Cultured
13.
Eur J Biochem ; 269(15): 3669-77, 2002 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12153563

ABSTRACT

The transcription factor serum response factor (SRF) regulates expression of growth factor-dependent genes and muscle-specific genes in vertebrates. Homologous factors regulate differentiation of some ectodermic tissues in invertebrates. To explore the molecular basis of these different physiological functions, the functionality of human, Drosophila melanogaster and Artemia franciscana SRFs in mammalian cells has been compared in this article. D. melanogaster and, to a lesser extend, A. franciscana SRF co-expression represses the activity of strong SRF-dependent promoters, such as those of the mouse c-fos and A. franciscana actin 403 genes. Domain-exchange experiments showed that these results can be explained by the absence of a transactivation domain, functional in mammalian cells, in D. melanogaster and A. franciscana SRFs. Both invertebrate SRFs can dimerize with endogenous mouse SRF through the conserved DNA-binding and dimerization domain. Co-expression of human and A. franciscana SRFs activate expression of weaker SRF-dependent promoters, such as those of the human cardiac alpha-actin gene or an A. franciscana actin 403 promoter where the SRF-binding site has been mutated. Mapping of A. franciscana SRF domains involved in transcriptional activation has shown that the conserved DNA-binding and dimerization domain is neccessary, but not sufficient, for promoter activation in mammalian cells.


Subject(s)
Invertebrates , Serum Response Factor/chemistry , Serum Response Factor/metabolism , Vertebrates , Actins/genetics , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Artemia/genetics , Artemia/metabolism , Binding Sites , Conserved Sequence , Drosophila melanogaster/genetics , Drosophila melanogaster/metabolism , Humans , Peptide Mapping , Promoter Regions, Genetic , Protein Structure, Tertiary , Recombinant Proteins/chemistry , Recombinant Proteins/genetics , Recombinant Proteins/metabolism , Serum Response Element , Serum Response Factor/genetics , Transcriptional Activation
14.
Cancer Res ; 62(15): 4519-24, 2002 Aug 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12154064

ABSTRACT

Aberrant DNA methylation is recognized as being a common feature of human neoplasia.CpG island hypermethylation and global genomic hypomethylation occur simultaneously in the cancer cell. However, very little is known about the interindividual inherited susceptibility to these epigenetic processes. To address this matter, we have genotyped in 233 cancer patients (with colorectal, breast, or lung tumors), four germ-line variants in three key genes involved in the metabolism of the methyl group, methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase, methionine synthase, and cystathionine beta-synthase, and analyzed their association with DNA methylation parameters. The epigenetic features analyzed were the 5-methylcytosine content in the genome of the tumors and their normal counterparts, and the presence of CpG island hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes (p16(INK4a), p14(ARF), hMLH1, MGMT, APC, LKB1, DAPK, GSTP1, BRCA1, RAR beta 2, CDH1, and RASSF1). Two positive associations were found. First, carriers of genotypes containing the methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase 677T allele show constitutive low levels of 5-methylcytosine in their genomes (P = 0.002), and tumors in these patients do not achieve severe degrees of global hypomethylation (P = 0.047). Second, tumors occurring in homozygous carriers of the methionine synthase 2756G allele show a lower number of hypermethylated CpG islands of tumor suppressor genes (P = 0.029). The existence of these associations may provide another example of the interplay between genetic and epigenetic factors in the cancer cell.


Subject(s)
5-Methyltetrahydrofolate-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase/genetics , Cystathionine beta-Synthase/genetics , Cytosine/analogs & derivatives , DNA Methylation , Neoplasms/genetics , Neoplasms/metabolism , Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors/genetics , 5-Methylcytosine , 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase/metabolism , Adenocarcinoma/enzymology , Adenocarcinoma/genetics , Breast Neoplasms/enzymology , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Colorectal Neoplasms/enzymology , Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics , CpG Islands , Cystathionine beta-Synthase/metabolism , Cytosine/metabolism , DNA, Neoplasm/metabolism , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics , Germ-Line Mutation , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/enzymology , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) , Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors/metabolism
15.
Suma psicol ; 9(1): 107-132, mar. 2002. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-468943

ABSTRACT

Uno de los aspectos que han permitido casi completamente al margen de la investigación empírica en el área del desarrollo emocional, a pesar de su relevancia teórica, es la posibilidad de establecer vínculos de apego con figuras diferentes a la madre o al principal cuidador. En Colombia la ausencia de investigación sobre este tema se enmarca en un contexto en el que dadas las condiciones sociales y económicas, personas diferentes a los padres son quienes con frecuencias deben sumir el cuidado de los niños. Este es el marco dentro del cual se inscribe el presente estudio que estuvo dirigido a explorara el vínculo de apego entre hermanos que se forma en los niños bogotanos de estratos bajos. Específicamente, se evaluó el potencial del hermano mayor para actuar como figura de apego subsidiaria durantes las ausencias situacionales de la madre. En el estudio se incluyeron 20 parejas de hermanos que fueron observados interactuando en sus casas por espacio de una hora y media. El vínculo de apego entre los hermanos fue evaluado a través del Q-Sort de Apogeo. Los puntajes de las dimensiones evaluadas con el Q-Sort (Seguridad y dependencia), respaldan la hipótesis de que existe un vínculo de apego entre hermanos El hermano mayor actúa como figura del apego subsidiaria y como tal, se constituye en una fuente de seguridad y una base segura desde el cual el hermano menor puede explorara el ambiente.


Subject(s)
Child , Child Care , Siblings , Sibling Relations , Family Relations , Colombia
16.
Rev. nutr. PUCCAMP ; 9(2): 205-23, jul.-dez. 1996. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-200557

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo compreende a avaliaçäo do perfil dietético, antropométrico e bioquímico dos participantes do Programa de Reabilitaçäo Cardíaca da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A amostra estudada foi constituída por 125 indivíduos de ambos os sexos, sendo 37 alocados na faixa etária de até 50 anos e 88 na faixa etária de 51 anos ou mais. Utilizou-se como metodologia a análise quantitativa e qualitativa da anamnese alimentar, a determinaçäo do indice de Massa Corporal e a bioquímica do sangue. Verificou-se através da análise dos resultados, uma alta incidência de sobrepeso e níveis de colesterol sérico acima do desejável. Houve inadequaçäo no consumo de ferro da parcela feminina e cálcio por ambos os sexos e ingestäo de dietas hiperprotéicas. O perfil de morbidade da amostra reflete a predominância de hipertensäo arterial. Conclui-se, portanto, ser de suma importância a orientaçäo nutricional individualizada como forma de corrigir as inadequaçöes dietéticas, evitar o surgimento de novos fatores de risco e minimizar os já existentes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Heart Diseases/diet therapy , Nutrition Assessment , Cardiovascular Diseases/diet therapy
17.
Open educational resource in Portuguese | CVSP - Brazil | ID: una-9540

ABSTRACT

Este estudo tem como objetivos identificar a taxa de adesão de hipertensos ao tratamento da hipertensão arterial de usuários com quadro de HAS descom-pensada, residentes na area de abrangencia do PSF Darcy Ribeiro no Municí-pio Contagem/MG e descrever as suas possíveis dificuldades para aderir ao tratamento para o controle da doença e melhorar o cuidado. Foram estudados 414 pacientes hipertensos cadastrados no Programa Hiperdia e usuários do serviço. Foi significativa a alta prevalência de usuários com HAS descontro-lada por não adesão ao tratamento. Tais resultados demonstram que esta população apresenta riscos significativos para os órgãos alvo e para a sua qualidade de vida, requerendo elaborar um plano de intervenção que promova a adesao ao tratamento dos usuários com HAS descompensada. Foi realizada pesquisa nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE e IBECS, utilizando os descritores: hipertensão, prevenção e controle, estratégia saúde da família, planejamento em saúde. Para a elaboração do Plano de Ação foi utilizado o método do Planejamento Estratégico Situacional (PES). Este tipo de planejamento, por meio da elaboração de ações estratégicas necessárias ao controle da doença, é importante na atenção básica, já que permite incentivar o tratamento contínuo e adequado, bem como promover e estimular a mudança nos hábitos de vida e fortalecer o vinculo com o paciente. O vinculo entre a Equipe da Estratégia da Saúde da Família (ESF) e os indivíduos favorece a continuidade do tratamento das doenças crônicas, efetividade dos planos de ação, melhorias em saúde e resolubilidade da atenção.


Subject(s)
Health Planning , Hypertension
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...