Simulation of hemo- and biochemical toxicities associated with chronic inhalation exposure to 2,2-Dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate (DDVP) in Wistar rat.

DDVP is a commonly used pesticide in Nigeria and those involved with DDVP manufacturing, packaging or utilizing facilities seldom use PPE to limit pesticide exposure. The study aim was to determine the impact of chronic exposure to DDVP by monitoring hematological and biochemical changes in Wistar rats. Male rats (n = 60; 150-180 g) were exposed to graded DDVP concentrations (0%, 20 %, 40 %, 60 %, 80 % and 100 %) via inhalation route for 60 days. Body weights were initially measured and then at 20-day intervals. Blood samples were collected for hematology and serum biochemistry on day 61. Results showed significant (p < 0.05) polycythemia, neutrophilia, thrombocytosis, hepatic and renal derangement in rats exposed to DDVP. Also, albumin, AST, ALP, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, bilirubin levels and dyslipidemia significantly increased. Cholinergic signs and stunted growth were observed in higher concentrations. Study emphasized hazards of DDVP mishandling and risks of non-compliance with PPE use by workers in-contact with DDVP, as well as misuse/abuse in animals.