ABSTRACT
Background and purpose: Cell biology approaches have gained a successful integration, development and application of nanotechnology with stem cell engineering and have led to the emergence of a new interdisciplinary field known as stem cell nanotechnology (SCN). Recent studies showed the potential and the advancement of developments for SCN applications in drug delivery systems. Cancer, neurodegenerative, muscle and blood diseases, cell and gene therapies, and tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications are the important targets of SCN. Experimental approach: In this overview, we searched the literature using the common online websites for research and read the open access, full-text available articles since 2013. Key results: The studies vary according to the type of disease they targeted and the strategies they proposed, whether diagnostic or therapeutic. In addition to the use of stem cells, the utilisation of their membranes, secretomes, exosomes and extracellular vesicles with an appropriate nanotechnology strategy is also an aspect of the research. Conclusion: This brief overview of stem cell nanotechnology over the last ten years aims to provide insight into the frontiers of stem cell engineering for nanotechnology-mediated drug delivery systems.
ABSTRACT
AIM: Silybum marianum extract (SME) possesses neuroprotective potency through its high antioxidant content. We attempted to increase the effectiveness of SME by encapsulating them in chitosan. Neuroprotective potency of SME and SME-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (SME-CNPs) were shown in SH-SY5Y cell line against H2O2-induced oxidative stress. METHODS: We produced CNPs and SME-CNPs by ionic gelation method and properly determined their physical characteristics. Encapsulation efficiency, loading capacity, and in vitro release tests were performed for SME-CNPs. The neurotoxicity and neuroprotective efficiency in SH-SY5Y cell line against H2O2 was also investigated. RESULTS: The size of SME-CNPs was 168.2 ± 11.12 nm with zeta potential 10.6 ± 1.0 mV. The encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity were successfully achieved at 96.6% and 1.89% respectively. SME and SME-CNPs improved cell viability higher than 80%, and SME-CNPs exhibited significant neuroprotective effects against H2O2 damage. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that SME and SME-CNPs highly prevent damage caused by H2O2 and reduce cell damage in vitro by their neuroprotective effects.
