Post-viral idiopathic purpura fulminans is associated with inherited thrombophilia and anti-cardiolipin antibodies.

Introduction: Idiopathic purpura fulminans (IPF) is a rare and severe coagulation disorder, associated with transient anti-protein S (anti-PS) antibodies in the context of post-viral infection such as varicella. Anti-protein S antibodies are frequently found in the context of varicella, in contrast with the rarity of IPF. Other factors such as anti-phospholipid antibodies (APL) and inherited thrombophilia may be associated with severe vascular complication. Method: This is an ancillary study of a French multicenter retrospective series and systematic review of literature. We analyzed patients who were tested for inherited thrombophilia, namely antithrombin, protein C, protein S deficiency; prothrombin gene G20210A polymorphism (FII:G20210A),Factor V R506Q polymorphism (FV:R506Q); and/or for APL (lupus anticoagulant (LA), anti-cardiolipin antibodies (ACL), or anti-beta 2-GPI antibodies (Aß2GP1). Results: Among the 25 patients tested for inherited thrombophilia, 7 (28%) had positive results. Three had FV R506Q, two FII:G20210A, one compound heterozygote FV:R506Q associated to FII:G20210A, and one protein C deficiency. APL testing was performed in 32 patients. It was positive in 19 patients (59%): 17 ACL (53%), 5 LA (16%), 4 Aß2GP1 (13%). The risk of severe complications was not associated with presence of inherited thrombophilia or APL presence, with RR: 0.8 [95% CI: 0.37-1.71], p = 1 and RR: 0.7 [95% CI: 0.33-1.51], p = 0.39, respectively. We found a high prevalence of inherited thrombophilia or APL in a population of patients with IPF. However, we do not find an association with the occurrence of severe vascular complications or venous thromboembolism.

Original implementation of low-temperature SPS for bioactive glass used as a bone biomaterial.

Alkali borated bioactive glasses powders with compositions based on the SiO2-Na2O-CaO-P2O5-x B2O3 system (0 < x < 20 wt%); have been consolidated at low temperature using Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS). Through SPS technique under 50 MPa, it was possible to achieve fully dense and completely amorphous borated glasses at temperatures as low as 420 °C. By increasing the sintering temperature up to 430 °C, the dense samples crystallized which is mostly achieved at higher temperatures. This study reveals that the mechanical properties of these new borated biomaterials are suitable to be used as a promising candidate for repairing defects in non-load-bearing bones as well as for coating on the metallic surface implants to improve the bioactivity process bone/implant. The pressure had a weak effect on the crystallization and densification of the glass compared to the temperature during the powder consolidation by SPS. Moreover, by increasing the boron content, the compressive strength and the elastic modulus of the elaborated glasses decreased for being close to those of the natural.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

INTRODUCTION: We report the first case of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the thyroid gland coexisting with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis and discuss various theories concerning the histogenesis of SCC of the thyroid gland and the optimal treatment strategy. CASE REPORT: A 54-year-old woman presented with an anterior neck mass measuring 4cm on clinical examination. Imaging showed a suspicious thyroid nodule invading the trachea. Total thyroidectomy with bilateral central lymph node resection was performed. Histological examination revealed tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma associated with SCC of the right lobe of the thyroid and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Immunohistochemistry of the SCC showed positive staining for p53 and Ki67 and negative staining for thyroglobulin. The patient underwent adjuvant radioactive iodine therapy and radiotherapy. With postoperative follow-up of 24 months, the patient was in good health. DISCUSSION: In conclusion, the most probable origin of SCC in this case was malignant transformation from Hashimoto's thyroiditis following a phase of metaplasia. This immunohistological profile is associated with a better prognosis. Optimal treatment consists of extensive surgical resection of tumour tissuefollowed by radiotherapy.

Les perforations pharyngo-oesophagiennes par corps étranger

Introduction : La perforation pharyngo-œsophagienne par ingestion de corps étranger (CE) est une complication rare et grave. De ce fait, sa prise en charge n'est pas standardisée. Le but de ce travail est d'étudier les caractéristiques épidémiologiques et diagnostiques de ces complications et de discuter les modalités thérapeutiques. Patients et méthodes :Sur une période 17 ans (1998 - 2014), nous avons colligé 573 patients ayant ingéré des CE pharyngo-œsophagiens et qui ont bénéficié d'une extraction endoscopique au tube rigide. Onze patients (1,9%) se sont compliqués d'une perforation. Résultats : Il s'agissait de 3 enfants et 8 adultes. Les corps étrangers étaient dominés par les fragments d'os (55% des cas). Les perforations étaient jugées liées aux manœuvres d'extraction dans 54,5% et au CE dans 45,5%. Le diagnostic a été posé dans un délai maximal de 2 jours après extraction. La chirurgie a été réalisée d'emblée dans 2 cas devant la migration extra-viscérale du CE et devant la présence d'une abcédation péri-œsophagienne, respectivement. Le geste opératoire consistait, respectivement, en l'ablation du CE avec suture de l'œsophage et un simple drainage de l'abcès. Dans un autre cas, la chirurgie a été pratiquée en seconde intention après échec du traitement médical et devant l'apparition d'une pleurésie purulente. Le geste opératoire était une suture renforcée par un lambeau intercostal. Un traitement conservateur était instauré dans 8 cas (72,7%).L'évolution était favorable dans 10 cas (soit 90,9%) et fatale dans un seul cas, soit une mortalité de 9,1%. Conclusion : Le pronostic dépend essentiellement de la précocité diagnostique des perforations œsophagiennes par CE. Le traitement conservateur serait suffisant et efficace en dehors d'un syndrome infectieux sévère

[Complicated sigmoid tumor: perforated amebiasis]. / Une tumeur sigmoïdienne compliquée: amoebome perforé.

Amoeboma is an inflammatory mass of the colon. It can be an inaugural symptom and thus pose the problem of differential diagnosis with colon cancer. The purpose of this report is to describe the case of a 43-year-old patient who presented with acute abdomen. Physical examination revealed a perforated circumferential mass in the sigmoid colon. Based on a presumptive diagnosis of colonic cancer complicated by perforation, segmental colectomy was performed. Histological examination of the surgical specimen demonstrated colonic amoeboma. The patient was treated using metronidazole. Although rare, amoeboma must be considered in differential diagnosis of cancer of any colonic mass.

Leiomyosarcome du rein: a propos d'un cas

Le leiomyosarcome du rein est une tumeur rare. Les auteurs ont rapporte l'observation d'un homme age de 45 ans; chez lequel le diagnostic d'une tumeur retroperitoenale gauche a ete pose lors de l'exploration de douleurs du flanc gauche associees a une alteration de l'etat general et ce par l'imagerie (Echographie et scanner abdominal). La laparotomie exploratrice avait conclu a une tumeur renale gauche localement evoluee; une nephrectomie elargie a ete realisee et l'histologie etait en faveur d'un leiomyosarcome renal. Une recidive locale a ete diagnostiquee apres un recul de 6 mois. Apres une nouvelle laparotomie; l'abstention etait de mise devant le caractere evolue de la recidive. Le but de cette observation est double. Le premier; est la necessite de faire un diagnostic precoce; afin d'intervenir sur une tumeur de petite taille; plus accessible a la chirurgie. Le second; est de discuter la place du traitement adjuvant; qui pourrait reduire le risque de recidive precoce

[Indications and surgical technique of Appleby's operation for tumor invasion of the celiac trunk and its branches]. / Intervention d'Appleby: place et technique en cas d'envahissement tumoral du tronc coeliaque et de ses branches.

Cancerous invasion of the celiac trunk is usually considered a contraindication to attempts at curative resection. Appleby was the first to propose an en bloc resection of the celiac trunk along with the celiac nervous plexus and lymph nodes for advanced gastric cancer. We describe a "modified Appleby technique" without gastrectomy for locally advanced cancer of the body of the pancreas. It accomplishes radical tumor resection, relieves pain, and improves the quality of life and overall prognosis. The principal complications are pancreatic fistula and gastric ischemia. Preoperative embolization of the common hepatic artery helps to develop favorable collateral blood flow and to avoid ischemia of the hepatobiliary system. A stomach-preserving" Appleby resection" may be appropriate treatment for selected nonaggressive cancers of the midpancreas; preoperative embolization of the common hepatic artery is an important adjunct of this technique.

[Primary hydatid cyst of the pancreas: Diagnosis and surgical procedures. Report of three cases]. / Kyste hydatique primitif du pancreas: diagnostic et modalites chirurgicales. A propos de trois cas.

The pancreas is an uncommon site of a hydatid cyst, even in countries where echinococcal disease is endemic. We report three cases of primary hydatid cysts of the pancreas revealed by abdominal pain. The diagnosis was based on ultrasound and CT-scan, which showed a cystic mass in the tail of the pancreas in the two first cases. In the third case, the diagnosis was determined preoperatively and a pancreatic fistula was found in the head of the pancreas during peroperative cholangiography. The echinococcal immunological test (Elisa) was positive in all cases. Surgical treatment included resection of the prominent lump in two patients and a cystogastric anastomosis in the third. Based on these three cases and a study of the literature, the difficulties of diagnosing this rare disease and the surgical procedures are discussed.

[Subcutaneous hydatid cyst. Case report of an exceptional location]. / Kyste hydatique sous-cutané: à propos d'une localisation exceptionnelle.

Primary subcutaneous cyst hydatid disease is an exceptional entity. We report a new case involving a 70-year-old woman hospitalized for a subcutaneous mass in the hypogastric area with no local inflammatory signs. Radiological examination was consistent with a partially calcified subcutaneous cyst in the hypogastric area. Complete surgical resection of the mass was performed with uneventful postoperative recovery. Histopathological examination of the surgical specimen demonstrated multivesicular hydatid cyst.

[A previously unreported late complication of Finney strictureplasty]. / Une complication tardive et inédite d'une stricturoplastie à la Finney.

We report the case of a 23 year old woman, treated for Crohn's disease for 11 years. She was operated on for multiple obstructing jejuno-ileal strictures using strictureplasty technique. Nine stricturoplasties of Heineke-Mikulicz type and one Finney type were performed without immediate postoperative complication. The patient received Imurel(R) and remained in remission for 15 months. Peritonitis due to a perforation of the Finney strictureplasty required re-operation; an ileostomy was performed. Such a late complication of a strictureplasty has not previously been reported in the literature. Although this complication was severe, the indication for this procedure in the surgical management of Crohn's complications should not be modified.

[Unopened colostomy in colorectal surgery: a renewal interest?]. / La colostomie à ouverture potentielle en chirurgie colorectale: un regain d'intérêt?

INTRODUCTION: Anastomotic leak or disruption is a grave complication of colorectal surgery. Protection of an at-risk anastomosis by an upstream open diverting colostomy (OC) reduces this gravity. An unopened upstream loop colostomy is a surgical alternative which may diminish the unpleasant consequences of an open colostomy while maintaining the option of diversion in case of need. The aim of this study is to report the results of this approach and to define its indications. MATERIAL AND METHODS: [corrected] We report a retrospective series of 34 cases of unopened diverting loop colostomy to protect an at-risk colorectal anastomosis. Indications for this procedure were stool-laden bowel (59%), low serum albumin (11.5%), local inflammation (11.5%), and very low placed anastomosis (17.5%). RESULTS: The loop colostomy was eventually opened after surgery in six cases because of anastomotic leakage diagnosed clinically and/or detected by water soluble contrast opacification which was performed routinely on the sixth post-operative day. In all six cases, there was no need for an urgent surgical intervention. In 28 cases, the anastomosis healed without complication and the exteriorized loop was returned to the abdominal cavity seven days after the initial surgery. This was a short, simple procedure with an average operating time of ten minutes. Average hospital stay after returning the unopened colostomy to the abdomen was two days. CONCLUSION: Unopened loop colostomy offers the advantages of protection of a colorectal anastomosis without proper morbidity or mortality, shorter hospitalization, and improved psychological comfort for the patient. It's principal indication is to minimize the risks related to leakage from an at-risk colorectal anastomosis.

[Gastric amyloidosis mimicking malignancy. A case report]. / Amylose gastrique simulant une linite plastique. A propos d'une observation rare.

Amyloidosis is an abnormal extracellular deposition of insoluble proteins, which is associated with an involvement of the gastrointestinal tract in 50 to 70% of cases. In primary amyloidosis (light chain amyloidosis), localized gastric involvement is a rare finding which can mimic malignancy. We report the case of a 56-year-old man, admitted with upper digestive outlet obstruction. Linitis plastica with lymph node involvement was suspected by gastroscopy, barium meal and endoscopic ultrasonography but was not confirmed by gastric biopsies. The patient was treated with total gastrectomy with lymph node dissection. Pathological examination demonstrated gastric and lymph nodes amyloidosis and no malignant tumor was found. The patient died 9 months later from cardiac failure due to amyloidosis.