Musculoskeletal disorders and the affecting factors among teachers: An example from Turkey.

BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal disorders are important health problems due to their high incidence as well as their effects on the society and individuals. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the musculoskeletal disorders experienced by teachers, and to evaluate their relationship with certain factors causing musculoskeletal disorders. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was carried out on 416 teachers working in a provincial center using the face-to-face interview method. RESULTS: Per this 64.9% of the teachers had musculoskeletal disorders, and the pain was mostly localized in the neck region with 55.5%. The work stress scores of the teachers were found to have a positive and significant correlation with musculoskeletal disorder scores and a negative significant correlation with the satisfaction with life scores (p≤0.001). In multiple regression analysis, the time spent sitting at a desk, time spent working in a standing position, time devoted to housework, shoe preference, work stress and life satisfaction were determined as effective predictors on musculoskeletal complaints. The model that was developed explained 22.5% of the variance (R2 = 22.5; p≤0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Due to the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among teachers, health-promoting actions are needed in order to raise the awareness of both administrators and teachers in improving working conditions as well as preventing musculoskeletal disorders.

Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Barriers to Nurses' Use of Physical Assessment scale.

AIM: This study aimed to translate the Barriers to Nurses' Use of Physical Assessment Scale into Turkish and assess the new version's validity and reliability. METHODS: This was a methodological study to verify the linguistic equivalence of the scale through the translation/back-translation method. Twelve experts in health assessment confirmed the scale's content validity. Along with the Barriers to Nurses' Use of Physical Assessment Scale, an information form, including socio-demographic features, was distributed to 380 nurses, who consented to participate in the research. Data were collected between July 2017 and April 2018. Internal consistency, factor analysis and test-retest reliability were used to determine consistency over time and intraclass correlations. RESULTS: The content validity index of the scale (0.963) was calculated following confirmation of its language equivalence. With the confirmatory factor analysis, it was determined that the fit index values were at an acceptable level and the model was suitable. The factor analysis clustered factors in seven domains. The overall internal consistency coefficient was 0.822. All subscales and the overall scale showed high intraclass correlations. CONCLUSION: The Turkish version of the Barriers to Nurses' Use of Physical Assessment Scale is a valid and reliable instrument.

Development and Validation of the Gaming Disorder Scale-Family Form.

The aim of the current methodological study was to develop a psychometric measurement tool for determining internet gaming disorder (IGD) based on family members' responses. The sample comprised 173 adolescents and their families. For reliability, the scale was created using item-total correlation, internal consistency coefficient, and test-retest correlation methods. The validity of the scale was evaluated using content validity index (CVI), construct validity, explanatory factor analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). CVI for the scale was 0.92, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.963, and item-total correlation ranged between 0.67 and 0.81. In the EFA, 61.7% of the total variance on the one-dimensional scale was explained and item factor loads ranged between 0.71 and 0.84. CFA showed good fit of the model. Thus, the Gaming Disorder Scale-Family Form, which was proven to be a valid and reliable measurement tool, is recommended for use by health care providers and community partners in the evaluation of potential IGD in adolescents. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 59(11), 25-32.].

Effects of oral care with glutamine in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia in neurosurgical intensive care unit patients.

PURPOSE: The study was designed as a randomized, controlled, experimental study aiming to determine the effects of oral care with glutamine in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients admitted to neurosurgical intensive care unit. METHODS: The universe consisted of patients who are admitted to neurosurgical intensive care unit between January 2014 and August 2015, while the sample consisted of 88 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were randomly selected. The study group received oral care with 5% glutamine, whereas the control group received oral care with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution. DATA COLLECTING TOOLS: All date was acquired using Patient Information Form, Acute Physiological and Chronic Health Evaluation scale (APACHE II), Beck Oral Assessment Scale (BOAS), Mucosal Plaque Score (MPS) and Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS). One-way ANOVA test was used for comparing parameters with normal distribution between groups along with descriptive statistical methods. Kruskal-Wallis Test was used for comparing parameters without normal distribution between groups. RESULTS: In the control group, mean BOAS score was 9.33±1.8 mean MPS score was 3.68±0.87 and mean CPIS score was 4.07±1.78. In the study group, mean BOAS score was 10.16±2.78, mean MPS score was 3.93±1.04 and mean CPIS score was 3.78±2.25. There was no statistically significant difference in mean scores at 1st day, 3rd day, 5th day and discharge (p>0.05). However, BOAS, MPS, CPIS and APACHE II scores was significantly lower at discharge than 1st day in both groups. CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in using 5% glutamine or 2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution for oral care for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Similar studies with bigger sample size and longer term should be conducted for better results.