[Ectopic ureteral orifice into the seminal duct with homolateral renal agenesis: contribution of ultrasonography]. / Abouchement ectopique de l'uretère dans le tractus séminal avec agénésie rénale homolatérale: apport de l'échographie.

Based on an incidental case of ectopic ureteric orifice in the seminal tract associated with homolateral renal agenesis, the authors demonstrate the value of ultrasonography, particular transrectal, both for diagnosis and follow-up. Digital rectal examination is the key to the diagnosis, combined with ultrasonography and urography. The indications for surgery depend on the clinical symptoms and signs.

[Nasosinusal schwannoma. Apropos of 2 cases. Value of nasal endoscopy for diagnosis and treatment]. / Les schwannomes naso-sinusiens. A propos de deux cas. Intérêt de l'endoscopie nasale pour le diagnostic et le traitement.

Two cases of paranasal schwannomas are reported. These tumors are rare. Its symptomatology is no specific explaining the late diagnosis. The contribution of radiology and endoscopy for this pathology is analysed. Ct scan and MRI state precisely the extension and the relations of the tumor. Endoscopy improves the endonasal exam pre and post operative and may be an option for the surgical treatment of these tumors. In connection with that we present an original approach of the pterygopalatine fossa under endoscopic control via the middle meatus.

[Lumbar inter-apophyseal arthrosis and bone mineral content: prospective study versus controls with dual photonic absorptiometry and tomodensitometry]. / Arthrose inter-apophysaire lombaire et contenu minéral osseux: étude prospective versus témoins par absorptiométrie di-photonique et tomodensitométrie.

Dual photon absorptiometry (DPA) is a non invasive and repeatable technique to measure vertebral bone mineral content (BMC). This method can be altered, in frontal incidence, by superposition of abnormal calcifications as calcified aorta or interapophyseal arthrosis. The authors studied nineteen females with lumbar apophyseal arthrosis compared with twenty one controls matched by age. Bone densitometry was performed by Am-Ba DPA and monoenergetic computerised tomodensitometry (CT) from L2 to L4. Arthrosis was studied by standard X ray radiographs and CT. Our results showed that inter-apophyseal arthrosis does increase BMC determined by DPA, especially when expressed as linear BMC (g/cm). The body mass index [weight (kg)/size (m2)] also increased these measures by DPA. CT results were, at the opposite, not influenced by osteo-arthrosis nor body mass index. Detailed analysis of DPA pictures allowed to recognize most of patients with osteo-arthrosis and to correct their results by using adjacent vertebral measures (L1) or abandoning pictures of unusual aspect. The authors mentionned necessity to match populations for age and body mass index and to include L1 in routine vertebral bone mineral content determination. By this way they supposed that osteo-arthrosis may not alter lumbar BMC measured with DPA technique.

[X-ray computed tomographic study of the ethmoid bone and middle meatus. III. Application to chronic infectious sinus pathology]. / Exploration tomodensitométrique de l'ethmoïde et du méat moyen. III. Application à la pathologie infectieuse sinusienne chronique.

As nasal endoscopy, high resolution CT is a part of the chronic rhinosinusitis pre-operative assessment. It shows, thanks to a precise and anatomical study of the ethmoid and sinusal draining, the extension of the diseases and the local morphological variations which predispose to chronic diseases. The main aspects of chronic sinusitis, nasal polyposis and fungal maxillary sinus diseases are reported. The frequency of individual morphological variations and the mucosal changes due to a nasal cycle require a great care in the interpretation of the diseases.

[Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava. Diagnostic difficulties]. / Léiomyosarcomes de la veine cave inférieure. Difficultés diagnostiques.

As leiomyosarcomas of the inferior vena cava are extremely infrequent, the preoperative diagnosis of such tumors is rarely established. We report two cases in which the diagnosis was suggested by modern imaging prior to surgery. Three examination techniques allo contemplating this diagnosis. Ultrasound and cavography show either an intraluminal, multilobulated, roughly hyperechogenic lacuna on one of the segments of the vena cava, without any remote thrombosis image, or a complete obstruction of the vena cava with collateral circulation and a hyperechogenic right paraaortic mass. Computed tomography demonstrates the extraluminal extension. It reveals the presence of a right lateroaortic tumor with heterogeneous tissue density, in which the vena cava is concealed. The association of an intraluminal lacuna and of a tumoral syndrome on CT is highly suggestive. These three techniques are equally essential for the assessment of this tumor, which is primarily based on vascular findings. Exeresis is always difficult and the prognosis very poor.

[X-ray computed tomography in the surveillance of the course of acute pancreatitis. Values of a new classification of inflammatory lesions]. / La tomodensitométrie dans la surveillance évolutive des pancréatites aiguës. Intérêts d'une nouvelle classification des coulées inflammatoires.

378 tomodensitometric investigations were performed in cases of acute pancreatitis. The evolution of inflammatory lesions were analyzed with special attention to tissue aggressive inflammation in order to recognize early signs of gravity on CAT scans. Pancreatic lesions less than 15 mm in diameter called "hypodense islets-1" are compatible with oedematous lesions while lesions greater than 15 mm in diameter ("hypodense islets-2") are characteristic of developing necrosis. Tissue aggressive inflammatory lesions were classified in five grades retrospectively and showed that the incidence of abcesses was greater in grade II (76.5%) than in grade I lesions (11.75%).

[Calcifications after intra-disk injection of triamcinolone hexacetonide in lumbar disk hernia. Evaluation of therapeutical results in 3 years]. / Etude des calcifications apparues après injection intradiscale d'hexacétonide de triamcinolone dans les hernies discales lombaires. Evaluation des résultats thérapeutiques à 3 ans.

The development of disk or epidural calcifications is a frequent possibility following intra-disk injection of triamcinolone hexacetonide. It was found 10 times in 26 follow-up CT scans obtained 2 to 3 years after the injection. These calcifications are often clinically silent, but they sometimes accompany a recurrence of the initial painful symptomatology. Furthermore, evaluation at 3 years of therapeutic results in a previously published series of patients who had received an intra-disk injection of triamcinolone hexacetonide showed a marked decrease in favourable results (30% vs 67% at 6 months). These two arguments: disappointing long term results and possibility of disk calcifications, are felt by the authors to justify abandoning the technique of triamcinolone hexacetonide by intra-disk injection in the treatment of lumbar disk prolapse.

[X-ray computed tomographic study of the ethmoid and middle meatus. II. Radio-anatomy (axial incidence) and morphological variations]. / Exploration tomodensitométrique de l'ethmoïde et du méat moyen. II. Radio-anatomie (incidence axiale) et variations morphologiques.

Chronic rhinosinusitis endoscopic surgery needs an accurate evaluation of diseases and paranasal sinus anatomic variations. High resolution CT by thin section (2 mm) allow this pre-operative assessment. An anatomical study of the ethmoid air cell system is always possible in axial plane. The bidimensional CT exploration (axial and coronal plane) displays the anatomic variations of ostiomeatal unit, that have been reported to predispose sinusitis. They are nasal septal deviation, pneumatization and paradoxical curvature of the middle turbinate, pneumatization of unciform process, Haller's cells, prominent agger nasi cell and ethmoid bulla. The endoscopic endonasal surgery landmarks, the individual morphologic variations, the topographic relations to the orbit and to the brain are also well shown by CT.

[X-ray computed tomographic study of the ethmoid and middle meatus. I. radioanatomy (coronal plane)]. / Exploration tomodensitométrique de l'ethmoïde et du méat moyen. I. Radio-anatomie (incidence coronale).

The advance of endoscopic endonasal surgery allows limited surgical resection in chronic rhinosinusitis. An accurate topographic evaluation of diseases and individual morphologic variation are necessary for this functional surgery. The preoperative radiological investigations require a precise knowledge of ethmoid and osteo-meatal unit anatomy. Thin sections by high resolution CT were performed in coronal plane. The anatomical land marks and the ethmoidal bony roots, which allow a study of the osteo-meatal unit and ethmoid air cells system, are showed. Like endoscopic view, coronal slices better display the different grooves for paranasal sinus draining and their relations with the ethmoid.

[Intrathoracic chondrosarcoma arising at a rib in a patient with multiple exostoses]. / Chondrosarcome intrathoracique à point de départ costal chez un patient porteur d'une maladie des exostoses multiples.

A case of chondrosarcoma arising from the 7th left rib in a patient with multiple exostosis disease is reported. The initial CT scan feature is a purely intrathoracic mass with a parietal and pericardial junction and calcifications within the tumor. A review of the literature about the costal chondrosarcoma and their CT scan features is done and shows the uncommon initial aspect of this case.

[Radiological and magnetic resonance aspects in cerebral venous angioma]. / Aspects radiologiques et en résonance magnétique des angiomes veineux cérébraux.

This report based on a series of 8 cases deals with the appearance of cerebral venous angiomas with computed tomography (CT), arteriography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The CT data are not conclusive, and venous involvement is demonstrated by arteriography, as well as the site of involvement. Magnetic resonance imaging seems to be useful owing to the morphological information and data on flow phenomena it provides.

[Reversible cerebral lesions in eclampsia. Clinical and x-ray computed tomographic study]. / Lésions cérébrales réversibles dans l'éclampsie. Etude clinique et tomodensitométrique.

The appearance observed with CT during and following eclampsia seem to be related to edema, hemorrhagic lesions and ischemic lesions. The authors report on a reversible appearance of hypodense central grey nuclei and of the calcarine cortex fitting into this new context.

[Pelvic cystic lymphangioma. Apropos of a case in an adult]. / Lymphangiome kystique pelvien. A propos d'un cas chez un adulte.

The authors report about the observation of a subperitoneal pelvic cystic lymphangioma in an adult patient: ultrasound and CT dat had yet never been described for the rare pelvic form, and are the same as with the other locations of cystic lymphangioma in adults.

[Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver and superior vena cava. Radiological results apropos of a case in an adult]. / Hémangioendothéliome épithélioïde du foie et de la veine cave supérieure. Résultats radiologiques à propos d'une observation chez l'adulte.

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare, ubiquitous, vascular tumor, difficult to diagnosis but sometimes identified after detection of metastases, and with a prognosis intermediary between angioma and angiosarcoma. The tumors have been described as developing in the large venous trunks and recently lesions have been reported in liver. Little documented data exist with respect to radiologic appearances. A case is reported with a histologically confirmed hepatic localization in association with a lesion in superior vena cava.