ABSTRACT
Coronoradicular dilaceration is a particular abnormality of the permanent incisors, usually maxillary, and usually occurs around the age of 4 to 5 when the crown is formed and the root is still growing. It follows acute mechanical trauma affecting the temporary incisor. This anomaly of shape is characterized by an angulation between the crown and the root of the permanent tooth. The prognosis may be serious because the affected tooth may not erupt normally. It also compromises possible orthodontic treatment later. Our clinical case is that of a young patient (ES) aged 8 years and 4 months, in good general health condition, consulted for the absence 21 on the arch while the contralateral tooth was present. Interrogation revealed that the patient suffered trauma with severe luxation of the 61 at the age of 3 years. Radiographic examination showed the presence of the germ of 21 with an atypical sickle-shaped position and an image of a hand of a traffic policeman with a crown in a horizontal position. Three-dimensional imaging using a CT scan shows the shape of the 21 with a root angulation. The therapeutic attitude allowed the correction of its axis by an orthodontico-surgical treatment.
Subject(s)
Incisor/abnormalities , Maxilla , Tooth Abnormalities/therapy , Tooth Crown/abnormalities , Child , Dentition, Permanent , Humans , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Patient Care Planning , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Tooth Abnormalities/diagnostic imaging , Tooth Abnormalities/etiology , Tooth Extraction , Tooth Root , Tooth, Deciduous/abnormalities , Tooth, Deciduous/diagnostic imaging , Tooth, Impacted , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The masticatory muscles play an important part in determining the morphology of the facial skeleton. Skeletal typology and the characteristics of the masticatory muscles are closely linked. Several authors have studied muscle characteristics as related to facial typology. The aim of this work is to study the relationship between vertical and transverse skeletal dimensions and the dimensions (length, width and thickness) of two muscles of mastication, the masseter and the lateral pterygoid. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Our study was based on CT-scan examinations of a sample composed of patients consulting the X-ray department of the Rabat-Salé Teaching Hospital, and for whom a CT-scan had been requested. Forty CT examinations of the skull, performed in the context of sinus explorations or pre-surgical work-ups in the radiology department of the Rabat-Salé Teaching Hospital, were selected for this study. The sample comprised 19 women and 21 men aged between 20 and 45, with a mean of 40.9 ± 12.8. A Siemens 32-row 64-slice spiral CT-scan device was used for spiral acquisition of data around the facial bones, with the mouth closed. The study was carried out in the parenchymal window for the muscle measurements, in the axial and coronal planes. Bone measurements were performed after 3D reconstruction in VRT mode. RESULTS: Our study showed that, for the masseter muscle, thickness is the dimension that correlates significantly with skeletal dimensions in the vertical, transverse and sagittal directions. For the lateral pterygoid muscle, length and width both present significant correlations with transverse skeletal dimensions. Analysis of these results shows that the dimensional characteristics of the masticatory muscles vary according to the vertical and transverse skeletal typology of the subjects concerned.
Subject(s)
Facial Bones/anatomy & histology , Masseter Muscle/anatomy & histology , Pterygoid Muscles/anatomy & histology , Adolescent , Adult , Cephalometry/methods , Chin/anatomy & histology , Female , Humans , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods , Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods , Male , Mandible/anatomy & histology , Middle Aged , Nasal Bone/anatomy & histology , Skull/anatomy & histology , Tomography, Spiral Computed/methods , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Vertical Dimension , Young Adult , Zygoma/anatomy & histologyABSTRACT
The aim of our study was to investigate vertical dentoalveolar compensation in untreated patients, in search of an association between vertical facial pattern and alveolar heights. This study involved the participation of 127 untreated Moroccan adults from the patient population of the ODF (Dentofacial Orthopedics) Department at the Center for Dental Treatment and Consultation (CCTD) in Rabat. Full adult dentition was the only criterion for inclusion. Patients with major syndromes and patients with facial clefts were excluded from the study. For the purposes of this analysis, we used profile teleradiography to measure vertical and sagittal skeletal variables as well as vertical dentoalveolar variables in the anterior and posterior maxillary and mandibular regions. We also measured the incisor axes. Analyses and statistical tests were performed with SPSS(®) statistics software (version 9.5 for Windows). Results indicate that: (i) upper posterior alveolar height (UPAH) does not correlate with skeletal variables of facial divergence, but correlates strongly with anterior facial height (AFH) and moderately with posterior facial height (PFH); (ii) lower anterior alveolar height (LAAH) correlates negatively with facial height index (FHI), positively with the FMA and AFH, but does not correlate with PFH; (iii) lower posterior alveolar height (LPAH) does not correlate with skeletal variables of facial divergence; (iv) upper anterior alveolar height (UAAH) changes inversely with FHI, correlates positively with the FMA and does not correlate with PFH.
