[Physiological and hygienic requirements imposed on water supply for troops in the Arctic zone].

Physiological and hygienic requirements imposed on water supply for troops in the Arctic zone. The deployment of military garrisons in the Arctic zone requires solutions of health and working capacity maintenance among the military personnel. One of them is to provide a physiologically adequate and safe water supply. Direct use of water for drinking purposes, obtained by the melting of snow, does not meet the physiological needs of the body as a result of the almost complete lack of mineral salts in it. It determines the urgency of the problem of melt water conditioning. The article contains a review of published data on the historical experience of drinking water quality and its correction on ships of various countries, as well as the ships of the Navy of the USSR. Modern data on salinity and how to use for drinking desalinated seawater on Navy ships, melt water and soft water from natural land water sources. The creation in the garrisons of the Arctic stations zone potable water on the basis of scientific data on the methods of its conditioning (mineralization and disinfection).

[Main types of activity of specialists of medical and preventive profile in military hospitals].

Infection prevention in medical organizations is an essential task to ensure quality of medical care and create a safe environment for patients and medical staff. The main task of a specialist of medical and preventive profile in the hospital is to maintain sanitary and epidemiological safety and control fulfillment of a complex of preventive measures. To achieve these goals specialists monitor epidemiological and microbiological fulfilment of the implementation and effectiveness of preventive measures, which allow to except infection entry to the hospital and possible carrying out beyond the hospital, occurrence and spread of disease. An obligatory activity of the specialist of medical and preventive profile in the hospital is a scientific and methodical work. The authors propose adoption of preventive structural subdivisions to the state largest diversified military hospitals.

[Status and development prospects of radiological health in the Navy].

More than 7.5 thousands of people work as military and civilian personnel and have an access to a lot of sources of ionizing radiation on ships and vessels, at coastal units and institutions of the Navy. This fact determines the importance of radiation safety and medical preventive measures on naval fleets. The article analyses the state of radiation-hygienic measures, outlines the conceptual basis for the development of radiation hygiene in the Navy. Substantiated reconstruction tasks effectiveness of health control and state sanitary and epidemiological supervision of radiation safety, provides information about the optimal set of instruments for radiation monitoring equipment radiobiological laboratories and centres of state sanitary and epidemiological supervision at various levels.

[Organization of prophylaxis and treatment of respiratory diseases in military personnel].

Respiratory diseases for many years in the Armed Forces of the Russian occupy the leading position in the structure of the pathology of internal organs. Preventive measures to prevention of the emergence and spread of acute respiratory infections among soldiers can help to reduce the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in the armed forces. Particular attention is drawn to the control of the conditions of accommodation, food and combat training of military personnel, as well as the implementation of the commanders of their duties. Shows typical action plans for the prevention of outbreaks of infectious diseases of the respiratory tract in military units and algorithms for the treatment of respiratory infections in military personnel in military units and hospitals.

[Modern state and prospects of perfection of medical agents of indication of poisoning and high-toxic substances].

One of actions of medical protection of staff is carrying out of indication of poisoning and high-toxic substances. It is shown, that indication toxic substances is carried out with use of means of the continuous and periodic control: display elements, automatic gas alarms and gas detector, the army device of chemical investigation, the device of chemical investigation of medical and veterinary services, the medical device of chemical investigation, medical field chemical laboratory, etc. Opportunities of the devices intended for equipment of divisions and establishments of medical service Armed Forces of the Russian Federation with the purpose of carrying out of indication of chemical substances are analysed. Offers on perfection of the organization and carrying out of indication of chemical substances in medical divisions and establishments Armed Forces of the Russian Federation are formulated, prospects of their equipment are proved by modem indicator devices and the equipment.

[Prophylaxis of chemical poisoning in the Army and Navy].

Prophylaxis of chemical poisoning in the Army and Navy assumes carrying out of a complex of measures, directed on saving of life, health and military professional serviceability of staff in conditions of action of factors of chemical character in peaceful and war time. It requires from the medical staff effectuating special sanitary and preventive measures, including realization of the effective medical control over working conditions of soldiers and civilian personnel on objects, where toxic chemical substances are used, propagation of medical and hygienic knowledge, regular increase of knowledge level and practical skills of military doctors.