ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Dietary patterns, eating behaviour and lifestyle are changing in Morocco. It would be interesting to identify and evaluate this transition in its Mediterranean context. AIMS: To assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and analyse associated factors in school-age children living in oasis environments. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 3684 school-age children between May 2015 and November 2017 in Tafilalet Oasis. The mean age was 9.81 (2.13), 51.3% were girls, and 62.7% were from urban areas. Participants were recruited from public primary schools. Adherence to the MedDiet was evaluated by Mediterranean Diet Quality (KIDMED) index. Socioeconomic characteristics and anthropometric measurements were obtained. RESULTS: Only 2.12% had a poor KIDMED index, 57.9% had an average index and 39.98% had a high index. Maternal ethnicity was associated with degree of adherence to the MedDiet. Poor adherence was seen in 2.17% of urban participants compared with 2.04% of rural participants. Participants with high income were more likely to have good adherence to the MedDiet. Low levels of parental education were more likely to result in higher levels of poor adherence. There was no significant correlation between body weight and KIDMED index. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the study population had medium to good adherence to MedDiet, but low KIDMED index was observed. Interventions and strategies should be devised for preserving and promoting healthy eating habits in this target population.
Subject(s)
Diet, Mediterranean , Body Mass Index , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Feeding Behavior , Female , Humans , Morocco , Schools , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Obesity is a serious public health problem having a direct impact on physical and psychological health of individuals. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and overweight in a child population attending urban and rural schools in the oasis of Tafilalet. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study within the urban and rural public schools in of the oasis of Tafilalet. We recruited a representative sample of 3,684 children attending 39 public primary schools. RESULTS: The average age of patients was 9.81 ± 2.13 years. The total sample was divided into 1,794 boys (48.70%) and 1,890 girls (51.30%). Two thousand three hundred and nine lived in an urban area (62.70%) and 1,375 in a rural area (37.30%). According to the World Health Organization References, our study showed a rate of obesity of 1.9% and of 10.8% for overweight. Overweight and obesity were not significantly associated with children sex. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of obesity in the oasis of Tafilalet is less than the national and international values; lifestyle and dietary habits of this population appear to be a protective factor against overweight and obesity.
Subject(s)
Overweight/epidemiology , Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology , Adolescent , Body Mass Index , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Environment , Female , Humans , Male , Morocco/epidemiology , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Schools/statistics & numerical data , Students/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Introduction: l'obésité représente un sérieux problème de santé publique qui a un impact direct sur la santé physique et psychologique des individus. L'objectif du présent travail est de déterminer la prévalence de l'obésité et du surpoids en milieu scolaire urbain et rural, chez une population infantile oasienne.Méthodes: nous avons entrepris une étude transversale descriptive au sein des établissements scolaires publics urbains et ruraux de l'oasis de Tafilalet. Nous avons recruté un échantillon représentatif de 3684 enfants scolarisés appartenant à 39 écoles publiques primaires. Résultats: la moyenne d'âge était de 9,81 ± 2,13 ans. L'échantillon total s'est réparti en 1794 garçons (48,70) et 1890 filles (51,30). 2309 appartenant à l'urbain (62,70%) et 1375 au rural (37,30%). Selon les références de l'organisation mondiale de la santé, notre étude a révélé un taux d'obésité de 1,9% et 10,8 pour le surpoids. L'obésité et le surpoids n'étaient pas significativement associés avec le sexe des enfants.Conclusion: la prévalence de l'obésité dans l'oasis de Tafilalet est inférieure aux données nationales et internationales, le mode de vie et les habitudes alimentaires de cette population semblent être un facteur protecteur contre l'obésité et le surpoids
Subject(s)
Morocco , Obesity , Overweight , Prevalence , SchoolsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Drug overdose, either accidental or intentional, is the most common cause of acute poisoning worldwide. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological profile of drug poisoning recorded in the south east of Morocco and to identify the proportion of intentional versus accidental drug overdose. METHODS: This was an epidemiological study of 180 cases of medicinal poisoning registered with the Provincial Delegation of Health in Errachidia between January 2004 and December 2016. Information on demographic and drug overdose characteristics was obtained from the regional poison center. Drugs were categorized according to the anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC) classification system. RESULTS: Adults were the most affected group, with a median age of 21 years and a sex ratio of three females to every male. Drug poisoning mainly occurred in urban areas (83% of cases). Regarding clinical signs, 55.2% of patients presented with digestive signs and 27.6% with neurological signs. Other signs were also present: respiratory (5.1%), combined neurological and digestive (4.5%), cardiovascular (3.8%), and general (3.8%). Women represented 88.9% of those who had intentionally overdosed and 64.3% of those who had unintentionally overdosed. Benzodiazepine derivatives and other related drugs were involved in 21.5% of cases of drug poisoning, with other drugs found in patients with drug overdose as follows: paracetamol 3.3%, ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel 5%, and cyproheptadine 1.6%. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the number of reported cases of drug poisoning in south-east Morocco increased between 2004 and 2016. The intentional use of drugs in overdose was mostly among adults, especially women. The drugs involved were predominantly psycholeptic drugs, followed by analgesics. Mortality was low, but investigation in a representative sample will show the real severity and outcomes of drug overdoses.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Fruits and vegetable were globally promoted as healthy food. It was proved that high consumption of fruit and vegetable reduced the risk of noncommunicable diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, obesity and cancer. The purpose of this study was to describe fruit and vegetable intake and its relation with socioeconomic status in Moroccan school aged children METHODS: Data were collected by a cross-sectional study of a sample of children from primary government schools in southeastern Morocco. A 24 hours dietary recall of the children's food intake questionnaire was realized. RESULTS: Results showed a strong association between fruit and vegetable and tested variables. Higher fruit and vegetable intakes were associated with lower level of education of mothers. Concerning monthly family income category, no significant correlation was detected. Mean vegetables consumption were related significantly with Household location, Ethnicity and age groups (p = 0.000, p = 0.000 and p = 0.001 respectively). CONCLUSION: Socioeconomic inequalities influence fruit and vegetable intakes. Consequently, socioeconomic status must be considered in promoting health and improving diet
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