ABSTRACT
Population aging is the dominant demographic trend in the Republic of Mari El with the rapid growth of medical and social problems. This requires specific changes in the health care system and an increase in the effectiveness of medical care for the elderly, the most vulnerable category of the population.
Subject(s)
Geriatrics/organization & administration , Geriatrics/trends , Aged , Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , Forecasting , Humans , RussiaABSTRACT
41 liquidators of 40-70 years old who had worked in the Chernobyl accident area and 30 patients of the same age (control group) were examined. The lipid spectrum of blood and cerebral haemodynamics (Duplex ultrasound scanning of magisterial arteries of the head) were examined. The results indicate that influence of low radiation stimulates the aterogenic forms of dislipoproteinemia and accelerated atherogenesis. The conclusion is made about marked structural and functional changes in cerebral vascular system taking place under the influence of low radiation in patients of older age groups.
Subject(s)
Brain/blood supply , Brain/radiation effects , Chernobyl Nuclear Accident , Hemodynamics/radiation effects , Lipids/blood , Occupational Exposure , Adult , Aged , Echoencephalography , Humans , Middle AgedABSTRACT
41 liquidators who had worked in the Chernobyl accident area were examined. All of them had nervous diseases. Both alpha-rhythms disorganization and increase of beta-activity were usually observed in brain cortex sensomotor areas of 41 liquidators as compared with 30 healthy individuals. The majority of patients were characterized by both enhanced reaction to light flashes rhythm assimilation and the decrease of nonspecific and skin-galvanic reactions to the light stimulus. The conclusion is made about the systemic CNS damage in liquidators as compared with healthy individuals.
Subject(s)
Aging/radiation effects , Brain/radiation effects , Chernobyl Nuclear Accident , Electrophysiological Phenomena , Occupational Exposure , Aged , Autonomic Nervous System/radiation effects , Body Burden , Brain/physiopathology , Case-Control Studies , Electroencephalography , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Occupational Exposure/analysis , UkraineABSTRACT
Some facts from publications and own data of the authors about possibility to research the vegetative nervous system by the heart rhythm variability method, about change of regulating function of the vegetative nervous system in elderly and old people are given in the article. It is shown that changes of the heart rhythm variability indicators in people exposed to radiation have similar characteristics with those in people of natural ageing.
Subject(s)
Adaptation, Physiological , Aging, Premature/physiopathology , Autonomic Nervous System/physiology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aging, Premature/etiology , Chernobyl Nuclear Accident , Heart Rate/physiology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , UkraineABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the transdermal electro impulses directed on ganglions stellatum in order to prevent the accelerated ageing and improve the cerebral venous flow. Using by the angioscanning method it was been found the phenomenon of ectasia in venae jugularis int. in patients suffering of accelerated ageing in 100% cases. The normalization of venous diameter after the treatment by electrical impulses has been found in 31-55% of cases.
Subject(s)
Aging, Premature/prevention & control , Cerebral Veins/innervation , Cerebrovascular Circulation , Stellate Ganglion/physiology , Stress, Psychological/therapy , Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation , Adult , Blood Flow Velocity/physiology , Blood Pressure/physiology , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
The reactivity of cerebral arteries have been examined in three groups of patients (young, middle and adult ages). The medium meanings of the blood flow velocity (V) and the pulsativity index (Pi) were registrated in MCA and PCA under hypercapnia, hyperventilation and light stimulation. It was revealed that the reactivity of cerebral arteries in middle and especially in adult groups was decreased.
Subject(s)
Aging/physiology , Cerebral Arteries/physiology , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
It was determined that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is capable of decreasing the local brain's blood flow on 45.6% (in the concentration of 6 micrograms/kg); to make a spasm of the pial arteries on 39.6%. In vitro experiments TNF increased the amplitude of the rhythmical and the tonic contractions of the brain's arteries smooth muscles (3.6 X 10(-8) M). The direct action of the TNF in the vascular wall is endothelium-dependent.
Subject(s)
Cerebral Arteries/drug effects , Cerebrovascular Circulation/drug effects , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology , Animals , Female , In Vitro Techniques , Male , Muscle Tonus/drug effects , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects , Neovascularization, Pathologic , Pia Mater/blood supply , RabbitsABSTRACT
The reactivity and functional heterogeneity of cerebral arteries are maintained by the participation of the endothelium in the regulation of the smooth muscles and by the influence of vasoactive peptides upon the neurotransmitter mechanisms. The initial level of the basal tone plays a major role, too.
Subject(s)
Cerebral Arteries/physiology , Animals , Cerebral Arteries/drug effects , Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects , Endothelium, Vascular/physiology , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiology , Neurotransmitter Agents/physiology , Vascular Resistance/drug effects , Vascular Resistance/physiology , Vasopressins/pharmacologyABSTRACT
The direct action of atriopeptin on the cell regulation mechanism of the smooth muscle in isolated segments of the portal vein, aorta, pancreatic and cerebral arteries have been studied. It was found that atriopeptin induce the direct relaxation of the smooth muscle in the main vessels only (aorta, portal vein). In the cerebral and pancreatic arteries atriopeptin stops norepinephrine-induced contractions. The data obtained show that the action of the atriopeptin is mediated by Na+-K+ pump activation of smooth muscle cells and restricts vasoconstriction of catecholamine effect.
Subject(s)
Adrenergic Fibers/drug effects , Atrial Natriuretic Factor/pharmacology , Muscle Tonus/drug effects , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects , Adrenergic Fibers/physiology , Animals , Drug Interactions , Humans , Muscle Contraction/drug effects , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/innervation , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiology , Norepinephrine/pharmacology , Strophanthins/pharmacologyABSTRACT
The monoamine-induced contraction as well as the ATP- and hypoxia-induced relaxation of the smooth muscles were recorded in isolated aortal paravasal arteries. The data obtained show that the muscles of paravasal arteries represent a regulation mechanism of the aorta wall blood supply.
Subject(s)
Aorta, Abdominal/physiology , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/blood supply , Vasa Vasorum/physiology , Adult , Female , Histamine/physiology , Humans , In Vitro Techniques , Male , Norepinephrine/physiology , Serotonin/physiologyABSTRACT
In isolated rings of the rat aorta, the responses of the smooth muscles to mechanical stretching were studied: the endothelium cells potentiated the relaxation under the stretching. After removal of endothelium cells, acetylcholine induced contraction of the smooth muscle.
Subject(s)
Endothelium, Vascular/physiology , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiology , Neurotransmitter Agents/pharmacology , Acetylcholine/pharmacology , Animals , Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects , Endothelium, Vascular/ultrastructure , In Vitro Techniques , Microscopy, Electron , Muscle Contraction/drug effects , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/ultrastructure , Norepinephrine/pharmacology , Physical Stimulation , RatsABSTRACT
Atriopeptin exerts a direct regulatory vasodilating effect on the mechanism of the regional blood flow maintenance. Under preliminary activation of vascular tone the atrial factor can produce the smooth muscle relaxation. Atriopeptin II is the most active among the three types of atriopeptin, atriopeptin III is the least active.
Subject(s)
Atrial Natriuretic Factor/pharmacology , Blood Circulation/drug effects , Animals , Hemodynamics/drug effects , In Vitro Techniques , Male , Microspheres , Muscle Tonus/drug effects , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Regional Blood Flow/drug effects , Strontium Radioisotopes , Tin RadioisotopesABSTRACT
Removal of any component out of a set of biologically active substances augmented the coronary arteries smooth muscle tone. The phenomenon is discussed in respect to participation of intracellular regulatory mechanisms.
Subject(s)
Muscle Tonus/drug effects , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects , Vasoconstrictor Agents/pharmacology , Animals , Coronary Vessels/drug effects , Female , In Vitro Techniques , Male , Muscle Contraction/drug effects , SwineABSTRACT
Cerebral vessel's muscle cells responses to biologically active substances and the metabolic factors were found to depend on the initial functional level of smooth muscles in segments of the cow pial artery.
Subject(s)
Cerebral Arteries/physiology , Cerebral Cortex/blood supply , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiology , Adenosine/pharmacology , Animals , Biogenic Amines/pharmacology , Carbon Dioxide/pharmacology , Cattle , Cerebral Arteries/drug effects , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects , Pia Mater/blood supply , Potassium/pharmacologyABSTRACT
The direct action of biologically active substances on the smooth muscle cells tone was studied in isolated segments of the cow diencephalic arteries. The serotonin, histamine, vasopressin, potassium ions were found to induce a dose-dependent increase of the smooth muscles tone. Weak responses to oxytocin and noradrenaline were revealed.