ABSTRACT
Several studies have explored firm performance in the post-Covid-19 pandemic era. However, there is not much research to find reports divulging the complex relationship dynamics between business intelligence, organizational and network learning, customer value anticipation, and creative economy-based small-medium enterprises (SMEs) performance in developing countries. This study aims to uncover the complexity of those relationships. The quantitative data were collected from 313 creative economy-based SMEs in East Java, Indonesia. Using PLS-SEM, this study disclosed that business intelligence practices could not directly impact SMEs' performance. Business intelligence will be crucial to SMEs' performance with the support of organizational learning as a mediator. The finding also confirmed the presence of serial mediation of organizational learning and innovation in the relationship between business intelligence and SMEs' performance. However, the role of network learning and innovation is also important, considering their relatively large direct impact on SMEs' performance. The theoretical implications of this research broke the boundaries of strategic management theory in resource-based view and knowledge-based view in the latest era, where creative economy-based SMEs have been able to mobilize resources to carry out business intelligence to realize innovation and high performance. Further research is suggested to explore the role of business intelligence in promoting specific performance areas, such as marketing performance, financial performance, and human resource management. In addition, it is advisable to choose more specific research subjects, including those in the culinary subsector, and pay attention to other areas, e.g., the demographics of respondents in the model as a control variable.
ABSTRACT
Etlingera alba is one of the Etlingera plants that has not been studied intensively. Plants that belong to the same genus have similar constituents and pharmacological activities. Thus, we aim to investigate the chemical composition and pharmacological activities, namely, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, of E. alba rhizome extract (EA). The chemical constituent was detected using the test tube method. The inflammatory model rats were obtained by inducing them with 1% carrageenan, and their palm edema volume and cytokine levels, namely, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α, were measured. Antibacterial activity was performed with broth microdilution. The phytochemical screening of EA was detecting alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, and phenols. The EA has anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the palms' edema volume and cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α), and the optimal concentration was 400 mg/kg body weight (BW). On the other hand, EA also exhibited antibacterial properties against E. coli and S. enterica. In conclusion, similar to other Etlingera plants, EA also demonstrates pharmacological activities, namely, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties.
ABSTRACT
In various countries, approximately 80% of patients use herbal medicine, both in single form or in combination with antihypertensive drugs, for the treatment of hypertension. Therefore, this research summarized studies on the simultaneous use of herbal medicines and antihypertensive drugs among hypertensive patients in the community. A literature search was conducted on PubMed in April 2020, and the following keywords were used: "herbal medicines" and "antihypertensive patients." In total, 15 of 263 articles were found to be eligible in the initial research. Results showed that studies were performed in different countries worldwide including America and those in Europe, Asia, and Africa between 1960 and 2020. The factors associated with the use of herbal medicines and antihypertensive drugs were age, gender, education level, income, and residence. Herbal medicines and antihypertensive drugs are simultaneously utilized primarily due to their safety and high efficacy. Herbal medicine is frequently recommended by friends or colleagues, herbalists, advertisements, and health workers. Garlic is the most common herbal medicine used along with antihypertensive drugs. The side effects of combination therapy with herbal medicines and prescription drugs for the management of antihypertension include shortness of breath and cough, ulcers, diarrhea, knee cramps, and abdominal discomfort. The lack of communication between patients and health care workers could cause an increase in the simultaneous use of herbal medicines and antihypertensive drugs. Therefore, effective communication among health care workers and appropriate care are important in preventing the side effects and other risks of combined therapy.
