Being at the center of attention: Iranian women's experience after suicide attempts.

PURPOSE: A history of suicide attempts is the most important predictor of suicide. The aim of this study was to understand the experience of women after suicide attempts. DESIGN AND METHODS: A purposive sampling method using semistructured in-depth interviews with seven Iranian women was implemented for data collection, and an interpretative phenomenological approach with the van Manen method was used for data analysis. FINDINGS: The main theme was "being at the center of attention," from which emerged two subthemes: "loved ones keeping an eye on them" and "rain of love." PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The study participants experienced satisfaction with their suicide attempt, and some of them felt that they are now being restricted. The study recommends that a special caregiver training program would be beneficial to educate the families in appropriate behavior after a loved one's suicide attempt.

Fear of stigma: The lived experiences of Iranian women after suicide attempt.

BACKGROUND: Suicide attempt is the most important predictor of completed suicide. The aim of this study was to explore the lived experiences of women after suicide attempts. METHODS: This was an interpretative phenomenological study carried out through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 13 interviews. Data were analyzed using Van Manen method. RESULTS: Women of this study experienced fears of stigma. Their fears were not only related to labels of being "unbelief and mentally illness but also being involved in illicit sexual affairs." On the other hand, they were afraid of labeling "mental illness" and also "doing an unacceptable action." CONCLUSION: The women tried to hide their suicide attempts because they fear of being labeled by others. It is recommended that societies and families progress toward becoming free of stigma of suicide and suicide attempt.

Lactococcus lactis : A New Strategy for Vaccination.

Needle free vaccines have a several advantages and very attractive way for vaccination. In a body, mucosal surfaces provide a universal entry portal for all the known and emerging infectious pathogenic microbes. Therefore, it seems, vaccination strategies need to be reorganized for vaccines that are hindering the entry capability of pathogenic microbes through mucosal surfaces. Lactic acid Bacteria (LAB) are widely used in the food industry and at the present, used as delivery vehicles for biological investigations. In this review, we summarized the Results of several studies which Lactococcus lactis (L. lactis) used as a live vector for vaccines. These bacteria are considered as promising candidates for heterologous expression of proteins and biotechnological usage. LAB are considered as promising candidates for heterologous expression of proteins and biotechnological usage. The results showed that these bacteria have an ability to deliver antigen to immune system. Therefore, developing mucosal live vaccines using lactic acid bacterium, L. lactis, as an antigen delivery vector, is an attractive alternative choice and a safer vaccination strategy against pathogens.