[Influence of resting the digestive duct in gastric emptying. Comparison of 2 nutritional modalities: glucidic enteral and total parenteral nutrition]. / Influencia del reposo del tubo digestivo en el vaciado gástrico. Comparación de dos modalidades nutricionales: enteral y parenteral total glucídica.

Gastrointestinal motility is altered in several clinical situations in which Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) is indicated. Nevertheless, the effects of TPN on motility are not well known. In this study, Wistar rats (250-280 g) were divided into two groups were defined according to the route of administration of the nutrients: Group A (with TPN: 100% of the total non-protein calories administered as glucose), and Group B (solid enteral nutrition, but with the infusion of normal saline under the same conditions as in the previous group). Each group was subjected to three different infusion times: 24 hours, 3 days, and 5 days post-intervention, after which the gastric emptying was measured by means of the phenol red test. TPN delayed emptying in all the times with respect to group B, although significant differences were only found after 3 days of infusion.

The effect of intravenous lipids on gastric emptying in rats subjected to total parenteral nutrition.

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is indicated in a number of clinical situations involving obstructive disorders of the gastrointestinal tract or when total bowel rest is required. However, little is known of its effects upon the physiology of gastric storage and emptying. A study of the effects of lipid nutrient content of TPN on the gastric emptying of a non-energy liquid test meal in male and female conscious rats (250-280 g) was undertaken. Five experimental groups were set up according to the percentage of total non-protein energy administered in the form of different lipids: A (lipid-free: 100% of non-protein energy as glucose); B (5% long-chain triglycerides (LCT), 95% glucose); C (40% LCT, 60% glucose); D (5% LCT and medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) in 1:1 proportion, 95% glucose); and E (40% LCT and medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) in 1:1 proportion, 60% glucose). Animals were maintained on TPN for 24 h and for 3 and 4 days, after which gastric emptying was measured by the phenol red method. 40% lipid TPN was found to accelerate gastric emptying as infusion was prolonged, although the type of lipid had no effect.

Nontropical pyomyositis in adults.

Pyomyositis (PMS) is a primary infection of striated muscle. Recent scanty reports suggest that non-tropical PMS may differ from classical tropical PMS. To address this question, 12 cases of nontropical PMS seen at two hospitals between 1976 and 1992 were reviewed and an English-literature search of similar cases was conducted. Both the series and reported cases are pooled together and herein reported. The age distribution of the 97 patients showed 30-50 and 60-70-year peaks, with a 3:1 (male-female) ratio. Fever, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and muscle stiffness or inflammation were present in more than 75% of patients. Muscles of the thigh (54%), back (13%), buttock (11%), arm (9%), or chest wall (4%) were involved. Staphylococci (61%), gram-negative bacilli (16%), streptococci (12%), and fungi (2%) were isolated from muscle specimens. Human immunodeficiency virus infection, diabetes mellitus, hemopoietic disorders, and other conditions with defective neutrophil function were present in 64 patients (66%). Drainage of pus and antibiotic therapy were the standard treatments. The mortality rate reached 10%. Analysis of patients classified by the comorbid condition showed differences in age, causative microorganisms, clinical features, and death rate. It is concluded that several clinical presentations of nontropical PMS are at variance with that of tropical PMS.