The interrelations between disability and quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis in the area of Bajo Aragon, Spain: a geographically based survey.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most disabling diseases in young people, but the interrelation between disability and quality of life is poorly understood. As individual correlations between disability and the perspective of the patient may be weak in individual subjects, the purpose of our work was to analyze and correlate quality of life with neurologic impairment and disability in all patients with MS from the geographic area of the Bajo Aragón in the northeastern region of Spain. A total of 36 patients with a diagnosis of probable or clinically definite MS had an average age was 38.1 years (range,17-66 years). The majority of them were women (66.6%) and had relapsing-remitting forms (83.3%). The Minimal Record of Disability measured neurologic impairments, functional limitations, and handicaps. Quality of life was measured by the Functional Assessment of Multiple Sclerosis (FAMS) scale. Statistical analysis was performed with the Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test and Pearson's coefficient of correlation. The mean EDSS of our cohort was 2.76 (range, 0-9). The mean FAMS score was 78.6 (SD, 52.5). We found that patients moderately or severely disabled (EDSS >3) showed a significantly decreased satisfaction in comparison with the nondisabled or mildly disabled ones. Disability and handicaps were significantly related to some items of FAMS: mobility, symptoms, and emotional well-being, but not with the remaining items: general contentment, thinking and fatigue, family and social well-being, and additional concerns. In comparison with patients from other population-based surveys, our patients were less disabled and enjoyed a better quality of life. Although we globally observed poorer quality of life in more disabled patients, the perspectives of the patients did not necessarily agree with disability scales in some domains of health. Quality of life should be included in the approach to MS patients if we want to provide cost-effective health care.

[3H]prazosin binding to central nervous system regions of male and female rats.

Membranes were obtained from the pituitary gland and 13 cerebral regions of male rats and of females during two endocrinological states (estrous and diestrous-1), and assayed for alpha 1-receptor binding, using [3H]prazosin. At two [3H]prazosin concentrations, one near its binding dissociation constant and the other at a value at which the plateau was reached in the binding saturation curve (0.2 and 1.2 nM respectively), [3H]prazosin binding was highest to the frontal cortex, lowest to the spinal cord, and showed no differences in any region under any of the hormonal states tested. Results are discussed in relation to previously reported hormonal effects on alpha 1-receptors.

Sex differences in alpha-adrenergic receptors in the rat brain.

[3H]Dihydroergocryptine ([3H]DHE) binding to several brain regions was studied in male and female rats, the latter in two different endocrinological states (estrous and diestrous-1). males showed higher [3H]DHE binding than females in hypothalamus, hippocampus and olfactory bulb, while females showed higher levels than males in spinal cord and visual cortex. In addition, intra-sex (that is, estrous versus diestrous-1) differences were detected in the cervico-thoracic spinal cord and cerebellum. Diestrous females presented higher values in both regions.