ABSTRACT
Evidence of the pharmacological activity of oleanolic acid (OA) suggests its potential therapeutic application. However, its use in functional foods, dietary supplements, or nutraceuticals is hindered by limited human bioavailability studies. The BIO-OLTRAD trial is a double-blind, randomized controlled study with 22 participants that received a single dose of 30 mg OA formulated as a functional olive oil. The study revealed that the maximum serum concentration of OA ranged from 500 to 600 ng mL-1, with an AUC0-∞ value of 2862.50 ± 174.50 ng h mL-1. Furthermore, we discovered a physiological association of OA with serum albumin and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL). UV absorption spectra showed conformational changes in serum albumin due to the formation of an adduct with OA. Additionally, we demonstrated that TRL incorporate OA, reaching a maximum concentration of 140 ng mL-1 after 2-4 hours. We conjecture that both are efficient carriers to reach target tissues and to yield high bioavailability.
Subject(s)
Oleanolic Acid , Humans , Biological Availability , Dietary Supplements , Olive Oil/pharmacology , Serum Albumin , Double Bind InteractionABSTRACT
Background: The antimicrobial activity of copper (Cu+2) is recognized and used as an antimicrobial agent. Aim: To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of copper against microorganisms obtained from chronic cutaneous wound infections. Material and Methods: Five chemical products that contained copper particles in their composition were tested (zeolite, silica, acetate, nitrate and nanoparticle of copper). The antimicrobial activity against antibiotic resistant strains usually isolated from chronic cutaneous wound infections was determined for two of the products with better performance in copper release. Results: The minimal inhibitory and minimal bactericidal concentrations of copper acetate and nitrate were similar, fluctuating between 400-2,000 µg/ml. Conclusions: The studied copper salts show great potential to be used to control both gram positive and gram negative, antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from wound infections.
Subject(s)
Humans , Wound Infection/microbiology , Copper/pharmacology , Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects , Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Salts/pharmacology , Skin Ulcer/microbiology , Time Factors , Chronic Disease , Prospective Studies , Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests , Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification , Gram-Positive Bacteria/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The antimicrobial activity of copper (Cu+2) is recognized and used as an antimicrobial agent. AIM: To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of copper against microorganisms obtained from chronic cutaneous wound infections. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Five chemical products that contained copper particles in their composition were tested (zeolite, silica, acetate, nitrate and nanoparticle of copper). The antimicrobial activity against antibiotic resistant strains usually isolated from chronic cutaneous wound infections was determined for two of the products with better performance in copper release. RESULTS: The minimal inhibitory and minimal bactericidal concentrations of copper acetate and nitrate were similar, fluctuating between 400-2,000 µg/ml. CONCLUSIONS: The studied copper salts show great potential to be used to control both gram positive and gram negative, antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from wound infections.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Copper/pharmacology , Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects , Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects , Wound Infection/microbiology , Chronic Disease , Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests , Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification , Gram-Positive Bacteria/isolation & purification , Humans , Prospective Studies , Salts/pharmacology , Skin Ulcer/microbiology , Time FactorsABSTRACT
History of diseases, clinical manifestations, pathologic and histopathological findings, as well as the results of complementary studies of three animals considered representatives of an outbreak of mortality in beef cattle in a ranch located in Aldama, Tamaulipas, during the first trimester of the 2008 are presented. Babesiosis and paralytic rabies were the presumptive diagnosis in two cases. Both diseases are considered enzootic in this area. Laboratory studies demonstrated that rabies was the main problem (3/3); however, in two of them (2/3) also Babesia bovis was recognized. In enzootic areas, the presence of both diseases, bovine paralytic rabies and babesiosis, occurs simultaneously making diagnosis difficult.
Se presentan los antecedentes, las manifestaciones clínicas, los hallazgos patológicos e histopatológicos, así como los resultados de los estudios complementarios de tres animales representativos de un problema de mortalidad en ganado de carne en un rancho localizado en el municipio de Aldama, Tamaulipas, durante el primer trimestre de 2008. El diagnóstico presuntivo en dos casos fue babesiosis y en el otro fue rabia. La zona es considerada endémica para ambas enfermedades. Los resultados demostraron que el problema primordial fue rabia (3/3); sin embargo, en dos de ellos (2/3) también se registró la presencia de Babesia bovis. En zonas endémicas, la presencia de ambas enfermedades, rabia paralítica bovina y babesiosis ocurre simultáneamente haciendo difícil el diagnóstico.
