Shedding light on silica biomineralization by comparative analysis of the silica-associated proteomes from three diatom species.

Morphogenesis of the intricate patterns of diatom silica cell walls is a protein-guided process, yet to date only very few such silica biomineralization proteins have been identified. Therefore, it is currently unknown whether all diatoms share conserved proteins of a basal silica forming machinery, and whether unique proteins are responsible for the morphogenesis of species-specific silica patterns. To answer these questions, we extracted proteins from the silica of three diatom species (Thalassiosira pseudonana, Thalassiosira oceanica, and Cyclotella cryptica) by complete demineralization of the cell walls. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis of the extracts identified 92 proteins that we name 'soluble silicome proteins' (SSPs). Surprisingly, no SSPs are common to all three species, and most SSPs showed very low similarity to one another in sequence alignments. In-depth bioinformatics analyses revealed that SSPs could be grouped into distinct classes based on short unconventional sequence motifs whose functions are yet unknown. The results from the in vivo localization of selected SSPs indicates that proteins, which lack sequence homology but share unconventional sequence motifs may exert similar functions in the morphogenesis of the diatom silica cell wall.

[A 76-year-old dog owner with fever and dyspnea]. / 76-jährige Hundehalterin mit Fieber und Dyspnoe.

A 76-year-old female patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease presented with dyspnea, fever and productive coughing. The chest X-ray revealed upper lobe pneumonia. Intravenous antibiotic therapy with moxifloxacine was initiated but soon afterwards the patient developed septic shock with hypotension, acute respiratory and renal failure. Pressure-controlled ventilation, continuous veno-venous hemodialysis and administration of catecholamines were initiated but the patient died 22 h after hospitalization due to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Microbiology of blood cultures revealed Pasteurella multocida which was probably transmitted through close contact with the pet dog.