ABSTRACT
This study investigated different ways in which work stressors, sense of coherence (SOC), and negative affectivity (NA) might influence strain. Three models covering direct, moderating, and mediating effects between the variables were tested for hyperresponsitivity, causality, perception, selection, and stressor-creation mechanisms. The sample consisted of 205 hospital employees (nurses, physicians, and medical technicians). Work stressors, SOC, NA, and strain were measured and analyzed in structural equation models and with analyses of variance. Besides direct effects on strain, significant perception, selection, and stressor-creation mechanisms of SOC could be identified. After controlling for SOC and NA, work stressors remain substantial predictors of strain.
Subject(s)
Affect , Models, Psychological , Personality , Stress, Psychological , Workplace , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Perception , Personnel, HospitalABSTRACT
This article describes the development of the Violence and Aggression in Health Care Questionnaire (VAQ) and the application of the measure in the field of home care. In a 1st sample of 361 German home care workers, the scales of the VAQ reached internal consistencies from .72 to .93. A confirmatory factor analysis gave evidence to the hypothesized factor structure. Significant correlation with indicators of psychophysical strain and health resulted in a 2nd sample of 180 home care workers. In multiple regression analysis based on a 3rd sample of 180 home care workers, verbal aggression by patients was a significant predictor of negative psychological outcomes. The relationship is completely mediated by negative emotional reactions after aggressive incidents.
Subject(s)
Aggression , Home Care Services , Surveys and Questionnaires , Violence , Adult , Data Collection , Emotions , Female , Humans , Male , Psychometrics , Regression Analysis , WorkforceABSTRACT
Based upon the presentation of the concept of naive implicit theories the article relates experience and action-guiding knowledge in critical nursing situations. Nineteen experienced and inexperienced nurses had to deal with two simulated nursing situations. Thereafter their implicit knowledge was explicated. Separate analyses for experienced and inexperienced persons regarding the adequacy of this knowledge and naive theories were performed. The results show for example, that in both groups naive theories can be found which relate especially to the perception of the patient. They led to inadequate action even though adequate knowledge was also represented. Finally, it is discussed how such (often not consciously used) naive theories can be changed in practice and which processes play a role in this change.
Subject(s)
Clinical Competence , Critical Pathways , Nursing Assessment , Nursing Diagnosis , Nursing Theory , Humans , Hypoglycemia/nursing , Patient Care Planning , Pulmonary Embolism/nursing , Venous Thrombosis/nursingABSTRACT
The concept of sentimental work by Strauss and collaborators is presented and investigated empirically within the fields of home and out-patient geriatric care by means of questionnaires. The results illustrate that sentimental work is an important component of nursing work. Differences in the use of distinct types of sentimental work are shown. A comparison between sentimental work in home and out-patient geriatric care reveals similarities as well as typical differences.
