ABSTRACT
Our current dependency on the oil and gas (O&G) industry for economic development and social activities necessitates research into the sustainability of the industry's supply chains. At present, studies on sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) practices in the industry do not include firm-internal factors that affect the sustainability strategies employed by different functional areas of its supply chains. Our study aims to address this gap by identifying the relevant internal factors and exploring their relationship with SSCM strategies. Specifically, we discuss the commitment to and preparedness for sustainable practices of companies that operate in upstream and downstream O&G supply chain. We study the impact of these factors on their sustainability strategies of four key supply chain functions: supplier management, production management, product stewardship and logistics management. The analyses of data collected through a survey among 81 companies show that management preparedness may enhance sustainable supply chain strategies in the O&G industry more than commitment does. Among the preparedness measures, management of supply chain operational risks is found to be vital to the sustainability of all supply chain functions except for production management practices. The findings also highlight the central importance of supplier and logistics management to the achievement of sustainable O&G supply chains. Companies must also develop an organizational culture that encourages, for example, team collaboration and proactive behaviour to finding innovative sustainability solutions in order to translate commitment to sustainable practices into actions that can produce actual difference to their SSCM practices.
Subject(s)
Conservation of Natural Resources , Decision Making, Organizational , Oil and Gas Industry , Humans , NetherlandsABSTRACT
Em um trabalho realizado anteriormente (11), constatou-se um alto indice de evasao dos pacientes com ejaculacao precoce, no processo de psicoterapia ou terapia convencional. Na observacao dos autores isto ocorreu principalemte nos pacientes com queixa de cronologia superior a 4 anos e que se mostraram desmotivados as terapias citadas. No presente trabalho indicou-se para um grupo de 26 pacientes, durante 1992, na faixa etaria de 22 a 60 anos, desde o inicio da terapia, a clomipramina. Tal indicacao objetivou a acao da medicacao na ejaculacao, bem como seu efeito complementar sobre a ansiedade e possiveis quadros depressivos reativos mascarados que pudessem acompanhar esses pacientes. A interacao foi de possibilitar uma melhor adequacao sexual, facilitando o processo psicoterapeutico. Observou-se neste trabalho, uma diminuicao do indice de evasao em relacao aos pacientes que nao usaram a clomipramina, estudados no trabalho anterior (11). Desta forma, os autores concluem que a clomipramina associada a terapia beneficia aos pacientes com ejaculacao precoce, visto que, proporcionando um melhor controle jaculatorio, com diminuicao da ansiedade, estimula o paciente ao processo psicoterapeutico.