[Diurnal food intake rhythm and gustatory sensitivity in patients with obesity and dyspepsia].

Disordered eating behavior, nutritional regime, and food habits lead to deterioration of quality of life especially in patients with digestive problems. The role of nutrition in etiology and pathogenesis of dyspepsia is currently the subject of increasing research interest that extends to gustatory sensitivity, diurnal nutritional rhythms, and psychological characteristic of the patients with dyspeptic syndrome and obesity This study included 68 patients (42 women and 26 men) aged 20-60 (mean 46.2 +/- 4.6) years with dyspeptic syndrome and 26 practically healthy subjects (1st control). Study group 1 included 28 patients with dyspepsia and normal BMI, group 2 was comprised of 40 dyspeptic patients with obesity. Disordered diurnal nutritional rhythms and food intake regime were documented in 24 (86%) and 36 (90%) patients of study groups 1 and 2 respectively compared with 10 (50%) in the 1st control group. Gustatory thresholds were changed in 21 (75%) and 38 (95%) patients of study groups 1 and 2. These data suggest that changes in diurnal nutritional rhythm and gustatory sensitivity are related to eating preferences and can play a role in pathogenesis of obesity and dyspepsia. It implies the necessity of their correction by relevant therapeutic and preventive treatments.

[Ergoferon and oseltamivir in treatment of influenza: results of multicentre randomized comparative clinical trial].

The narrow range of choice and virus resistance to the most common drugs require search and introduction of new drugs with proven efficacy and safety for the treatment of influenza. Ergoferon is a new combined medicine containing release active antibodies to interferon-gamma (anti-IFNgamma), CD4-coreceptor and histamine. The formulation influences various links of antiviral defense and provides antiinflammatory effect. The efficacy of the drug is related to its production process during which multiple reduction of the initial concentration of every component leads to release of special release activity. Previous experimental studies showed that anti-IFNgamma had antiviral activity against pandemic influenza virus A (H1N1) 2009 comparable to that ofoseltamivir (suppression of virus replication in the lung tissue, increase of the lifespan and reduction of the laboratory animals mortality). The aim of the multicentre randomized clinical trial was to compare (versus oseltamivir) the efficacy and safety of ergoferon in the treatment of influenza in adults. 213 patients with flu-like symptoms were examined in 8 medical centres of Russia during two epidemiological seasons (2010-11 and 2011-12). The inclusion criteria were: the first 48 hours after the onset; fever > or =37.8 degrees C, at least one common symptom and at least one respiratory symptom. Influenza was confirmed in 52 patients by QuickVue rapid diagnosis. 23 patients received ergoferon according to the treatment scheme and 29 received oseltamivir (daily dose 150 mg). Duration of the treatment was 5 days. The patients were followed up for 7 days. The primary endpoint was the percentage of the patients with the body temperature normalization for 2-5 days of the treatment. The maximum efficacy of ergoferon was observed on the second day of the treatment: almost half (48%) of the initially febrile patients had normal body temperature (versus 28% in the patients treated with oseltamivir). The comparison of the two groups of the patients by the morning and evening measurements of the body temperature every five days of the treatment by Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel revealed a significant difference between the two groups (chi2 = 7.1; p = 0.008). The average duration of the fever in the group of ergoferon was 2.3 +/- 1.2 days, in the group of oseltamivir--2.6 +/- 1.3 days (the efficacy of oseltamivir in the present study was comparable with the previously published data). The percentage of the patients treated with antipyretics because of hyperthermia on the second day of the treatment lowered 3 times and amounted to 17% (versus 41% in the oseltamivir group). The severity of common and respiratory symptoms (nose/throat/chest) significantly decreased on the third day of the treatment in both groups, the majority of the patients had either minimum severity or no signs of influenza. The clinical improvement was associated with positive changes in the life quality. No cases of the disease aggravation were recorded. Complications requiring antibiotic treatment or hospitalization were not observed during the followup. There were no adverse events recorded due to the drug use. No deviations in the laboratory indices were stated. Ergoferon is a new safe drug for the treatment of influenza. Its clinical efficacy was comparable to that of oseltamivir. The therapeutic effects of the drug were evident from: significant reduction of the disease severity, duration of febricity and general toxicity and respiratory flu symptoms, lower percentage of the patients with fever for 2 days. The febrile period in most of the patients did not exceed 2 days.

[Salt sensitivity in patients with arterial hypertension].

We present literature review on the role of excessive sodium consumption with food in pathogenesis of salt sensitive arterial hypertension (AH) as well as scientific data allowing to consider sensitivity to salt as independent factor of development and unfavorable course of AH associated with insulin resistance, high activity of sympathetic nervous system, and risk of cardiovascular complications. We present data on differential antihypertensive activity of drugs used for therapy of AH depending on sensitivity of patients to salt.

[Comparative eficacy of antihypertensive therapy in patients with arterial hypertension and various sensitivity to salt].

In 102 patients with high risk (52 patients with history of myocardial infarction, 50 patients with history of cerebral stroke within previous 6-48 months) arterial hypertension (AH) we studied clinical efficacy on angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) lisinopril, calcium antagonist felodipine, and nonselective - -blocker carvedilol in dependence on salt sensitivity of AH. Efficacy of treatment was assessed with the help of office pressure measurement and 24 hour arterial pressure monitoring before and after 12 weeks of therapy. Patients who showed 10 or more mm Hg lowering of AP at transition from high salt (15 g/day) to low salt ( 3 g/day) diet were considered salt sensitive. On the basis of obtained results optimal for the treatment of AH in salt resistant patients are ACEI while in the treatment of salt sensitive patients it is expedient to administer calcium antagonists. The use of -adrenoblockers is equally effective in AH with various salt sensitivity.

[Physical methods for the correction of thermal adaptation and acclimatization of athletes to hot and humid climate].

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the possibility of accelerating adaptation and acclimation of 106 athletes aged from 18 to 34 years to hot and moist conditions by combined treatment including consumption of a special drink and cryomassage including the use of aromatic oils. It was shown that the proposed approach proved highly efficient in that it accelerates acclimatization and adaptation to hot and moist climate.

[Features of cardiovascular diseases in cleaners-up of consequences of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station accident and in residents of territories polluted by radionuclides]. / Osobennosti zabolevanii serdechno-sosudistoi sistemy u likvidatorov posledstvii avarii na Chernobyl'skoi AES i prozhivaiushchikh na zagriaznennykh radionuklidami territoriiakh.

The authors discuss features of cardiovascular diseases in liquidators of Chernobyl nuclear power station accident consequences and in residents of territories polluted with radionuclides, present recommendations on correction of risk factors leading to atherosclerosis--the main cause of cardiovascular complications.

[Use of an additionally intensified ECG in diagnosing ischemic heart disease]. / Primenenie dopolnitel'no usilennoi EKG v diagnostike ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa.

The article deals with the use of the additionally intensified ECG while conducting the bicycle ergometric test in 92 patients with coronary heart disease. It has been shown that when additionally intensified ECG is combined with bicycle ergometry the use of such parameters as the value of ST segment depression and the average rate of ST integral increases the resolving capacity of the technique. In patients with a positive result of the test according to the criterion of ST segment depression (0.1 mV or more), the ischemic changes on the additionally intensified ECG are determined one grade earlier than the threshold exercise and precede the anginal attack. In patients with an anginal attack without diagnostically significant changes on the ECG during 1 mV = 10 mm intensification, the employment of additionally intensified ECG makes it possible to identify the ischemic changes and confirm the pain attack by objective findings.