ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This single center study compared the risk of bacterial endocarditis (BE) after surgical and percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation. METHODS: Between Jan 1st 2010 and Dec 31st 2015 all patients who received a biological pulmonary valve (surgical/interventional) were identified. The clinical follow-up was analyzed with regard to BE applying the modified Duke criteria and echocardiographic findings. RESULTS: We identified 246 patients who underwent a biological pulmonary valve implantation. The mean age was 15.9â¯years, (SD 12.7, Median 13.1). There were 166 surgical patients (67.5%), with 55 homografts (22.4%, mean diameter 27.4â¯mm), 106 Contegra® grafts (43.1%, mean diameter 17.4) and 5 Hancock® valves (2.0, mean diameter 25.6â¯mm) and 80 percutaneous pulmonary valve implantations (PPVI) (32.5%) with 51 Edwards Sapien® valves (20.7%, mean diameter 25.2â¯mm) and 29 Melody® valves (11.8%, mean diameter 21.9â¯mm). Patients with a bovione jugular conduit as the biologiocal substrate had an increased risk for BE and patients with Melody® valves had the highest risk for BE that was 5-8 times higher as compared to other valves. BE episodes were detected in 5/106 Contegras® (4,7%, 1.5 per 100 person-years), and in 6/29 of the Melody® valves (20.7%, 4.8 per 100 person-years). There were no cases of BE in patients treated with Edwards Sapien®, homografts or Hankock® valves. CONCLUSION: Whereas homografts and Edwards Sapien® valves seem to have a very low risk of BE, this risk is increased in Contegra® conduits and in Melody® valves.
