[Effect of fluorine on enzyme activity in the small intestine mucosa during absorption of sodium, potassium, monosaccharides and amino acids]. / Fliianie ftora na aktivnost' fermentov slizistoi tonkoi kishki pri vsasyvanii natriia, kaliia, monosakharov i aminokislot.

Effect of NaF on ATP-ase, creatine kinase, acid and basic phosphatases activity of small intestine mucosa in white rats during enteral administration of NaCl, KCl solutions has been studied under conditions of acute experiment. Inhibition of the Mg2+-ATP-ase activity by 13%, general ATP-ase activity by 25%, creatine kinase by 22% and a 2.2-3 fold inhibition of Na, K+-ATP-ase activity is observed. Acid and basic phosphatase activity does not change, swelling of mucosa is observed. The acid phosphatase activity in the intestinal contents increases 1.5 times, basic phosphatase activity--1.7 times, creatine amount--1.7 times, Pi amount 1.8 times. In experiments in vitro F- produces 20% activation of the basic phosphatase of mucosa and a 2.6-fold inhibition of the acid phosphatase. Rate of fructose absorption falls by 34%, that of methionine--by 29%, glucose--by 24%, glutaminic acid--by 10%. Activity of general ATP-ase in this case decreases by 22, 15, 27, 20% respectively. It is supposed that the F- effect results in destabilization of the membrane structures of the intestine mucosa.

[Characteristics of the circadian rhythm of hydroxyprolinuria in diabetics]. / Osobennosti sutochnogo ritma gidroksiprolinurii u bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom.

A total of 79 healthy persons (32 men and 47 women) and 109 patients with obvious diabetes mellitus (44 men and 65 women) were examined. The purpose of the investigation was to study the intensity of hydroyxproline excretion in the day-time and at night in the healthy persons and patients with diabetes mellitus with relation to sex, age, clinical type of a course of diabetes and the presence of vascular changes, duration and degree of disease activity and the state of compensation of diabetes mellitus. During a day the examinees collected two portions of urine: daily (6 a. m. to 10 p. m.) and night (10 p. m. to 6 a. m.) in which the concentration of hydroxyproline (in mumol/l) was determined and the intensity of hydroxyprolinuria was calculated (nmol/min), and these indices were determined for the entire daily cycle, too. The degree of expression of changes in hydroxyprolinuria in diabetes mellitus was shown to depend on sex and clinical type of disease: a more significant increase in hydroxyprolinuria was observed in the women, especially in insulin-dependent diabetes, whereas in the male patients such differences were less noticeable. The circadian rhythm was also more disturbed in the women. The determination of the intensity of hydroxyproline excretion can be used for the assessment of a degree of compensation of metabolic processes and the efficacy of therapeutic measures in diabetes mellitus.

[Action of the body fluorine of healthy persons and thyroidopathy patients on the function of hypophyseal-thyroid the system]. / Deistvie ftora, soderzhashchegosia v organizme zdorovykh i bol'nykh tireopatiiami liudei, na funktsional'noe sostoianie gipofiz--shchitovidnaia zheleza.

Altogether 123 persons were examined: 47 healthy persons, 43 patients with thyroid hyperfunction and 33 with thyroid hypofunction. It was established that prolonged consumption of drinking water with a raised fluorine content (122 +/- 5 mumol/l with the normal value of 52 +/- 5 mumol/l) by healthy persons caused tension of function of the pituitary-thyroid system that was expressed in TSH elevated production, a decrease in the T3 concentration and more intense absorption of radioactive iodine by the thyroid as compared to healthy persons who consumed drinking water with the normal fluorine concentration. The results led to a conclusion that excess of fluorine in drinking water was a risk factor of more rapid development of thyroid pathology. Indicators of the fluorine content in daily urine provide most of the information on changes of the fluorine amount in the body.

[Effect of fluoride and insulin on cation-dependent ATPase activity of the enterocytes during threonine absorption]. / Vliianie ftorida i insulina na aktivnost' kationzavisimykh ATF-az énterotsitov pri vsasyvanii treonina.

Absorption of threonine was accompanied by a distinct increase in total activity of Mg2+- and Na+, K+-ATPases in rat small intestine. Sodium fluoride inhibited completely the Na+, K+-ATPase activity. After administration of insulin, activity of Na+, K+-ATPase was increased 2-fold without loading with threonine, and it was increased 3.3-fold in the amino acid loading. Sodium fluoride activated Mg2+-ATPase, insulin did not affect the enzyme activity but the hormone decreased partially the inhibitory effect of sodium fluoride on Na+, K+-ATPase.

[Changes in threonine and Na+ counterflow absorption in rat small intestine under the effect of insulin and F-]. / Izmenenie vsasyvaniia treonina i protivotoka Na+ v tonkoi kishke krys pod vliianiem insulina p F-.

The in vivo experiments showed that insulin intensifies the threonine absorption and Na+ counterflow in the rat small intestine. Fluorine inhibits considerably the threonine absorption. The possible mechanism of the insulin and fluorine opposite effects on the threonine absorption in the small intestine is under discussion.