ABSTRACT
The attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common diagnosis in child psychiatry, and persists very often in adulthood. These patients have poor lifestyles, especially in affective, work and social areas. Although patients with ADHD have a high rate of comorbidity (e.g. drug and alcohol abuse, depressive and anxiety disorders), this diagnosis is missed by the general physician, deferring its identification and opportune treatment. This article is a review about this disorder and gives tools for its recognition and derivation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/physiopathologyABSTRACT
94 subjects, 64 with cerebral ischemia of varying severity and outcome, and 30 controls were studied with technetium-99m hexamethyl propylenamino oxime single photon emission computed tomography in order to evaluate the suitability of this technique in the assessment of cerebral ischemia. Decreased uptake corresponding to the side of clinical symptomatology and/or to CT lesion was found in 93% of the patients with complete stroke and in 28% of the patients with transient ischemic attack. This procedure can be a useful tool in the routine examination of ischemic patients, although the mechanism underlying brain uptake is far from being completely understood and the possible quantitative evaluation of regional cerebral blood flow is worthy of further assessment.
Subject(s)
Brain Ischemia/diagnostic imaging , Organometallic Compounds , Oximes , Tomography, Emission-Computed/methods , Humans , Ischemic Attack, Transient/diagnostic imaging , Technetium Tc 99m ExametazimeABSTRACT
The cerebral ventricular size of 15 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 20 age and sex matched controls, has been measured on the basis of the TC scan examination. The schizophrenic patients underwent also a psychometric evaluation by means the WAIS and PM 38 tests. The ventricular size was larger in patients than in normal controls. A significant positive correlation between ventricular measures and the PM 38, some WAIS' sub-tests scores and WAIS Det. % index has been demonstrated and discussed.
Subject(s)
Cerebral Ventricles/pathology , Cognition , Schizophrenia/pathology , Schizophrenic Psychology , Adult , Chronic Disease , Female , Humans , Male , Wechsler ScalesABSTRACT
The Authors describe 5 cases of "motor neuron disease" in patients who had suffered from an acute episode of poliomyelitis. The literature and the fundamental pathogenetic theories have been reviewed.
Subject(s)
Anterior Horn Cells , Motor Neurons , Poliomyelitis/complications , Spinal Cord Diseases/etiology , Electrodiagnosis , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Spinal Cord Diseases/diagnosisABSTRACT
The authors studied 18 cases of transient global amnesia, a syndrome occurring in middle age, characterized by a sudden memory loss of recent events and transient inability to acquire new knowledge, while consciousness and personal identity are preserved. Chemical and laboratory findings indicates that TGA is probably due to transient ischemia in the temporal lobe and hippocampus.
Subject(s)
Amnesia/diagnosis , Aged , Amnesia/etiology , Electroencephalography , Female , Hippocampus/blood supply , Humans , Ischemic Attack, Transient/complications , Male , Middle Aged , Syndrome , Temporal Lobe/blood supply , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
The authors are presenting a review concerning the most visible aspects of the research directed to emphasize that Huntington's Chorea cannot be compared, either clinically or pathologically, to Parkinson's Disease. It is a hereditary disease in which we can discern an alteration of some neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, neurohormones that are not necessarily opposite in respect to pathophysiological findings of Parkinson disease.
Subject(s)
Huntington Disease/etiology , Acetylcholine/analysis , Basal Ganglia/metabolism , Cholecystokinin/analysis , Choline O-Acetyltransferase/metabolism , Chromosomes, Human, 4-5 , Corpus Striatum/physiopathology , Dopamine/physiology , Genetic Markers , Glutamate Decarboxylase/metabolism , Humans , Huntington Disease/drug therapy , Huntington Disease/physiopathology , Norepinephrine/analysis , Parkinson Disease/etiology , Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/metabolism , Receptors, Dopamine/physiology , Serotonin/analysis , Synaptic Transmission , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/analysisABSTRACT
Serotoninergic function has been evaluated in 15 H.C. patients. Therapeutic results obtained with an inhibitor of 5 HT reuptake (Fenfluramine) were evaluated in comparison to the effects of L-5HTP, CSF-5HIAA measurements were performed is each case before and after treatment. The pathological role of 5HT impairment in H. C. can not be excluded by the behavioral effects and CSF-5HIAA modifications that were observed.
