[Establishment of mechanisms for the occurrence of blood imprints, taking into account their qualitative and quantitative indicators]. / Ustanovlenie mekhanizmov vozniknoveniya otpechatkov krovi s uchetom ikh kachestvenno-kolichestvennykh pokazatelei.

The purpose of the study is to establish the mechanisms for the formation of blood imprints, taking into account morphological features and some quantitative indicators of these blood traces. An analysis of the results of experimental modeling of contact marks (blood prints) resulting from the impact of a gloved hand is presented. The type of impact (shock, pressure) and duration of pressure (short-term pressure 1 - 3 sec, long-term pressure 20 - 120 sec) were determined. Under impact, the main elements of prints are formed regardless of the absorbent properties of trace-forming and trace-receiving objects: a) their contours (edges) are uneven, finely and coarsely serrated; b) the central part of the trace with an uneven thickness of the blood layer; c) second splashes are oval, spindle-shaped, ray-shaped (needle-shaped) and in the form of an exclamation mark; d) medium-speed elements - dynamic blood flows encircling or strip-like (long and narrow, short and wide). The absorbent properties of the trace-receiving material under pressure do not have a significant effect on the formation of the main elements of the traces: a) the contours (edges) of the prints are relatively even; b) the central part of the trace is more pronounced than the peripheral part, which is more clearly visualized on non-absorbent materials; c) low-velocity elements - «dynamic streaks¼ of blood are strip-like (short and narrow), appear only with sharp pressure, regardless of the exposure of the contact. For traces-imprints from long-term pressure, in contrast to short-term pressure, the following is characteristic: a) the thickness of the trace is on average 1.3-1.6 times greater with a high degree of significant difference in indicators (p<0.001); b) more uniform distribution of blood over the imprint area with a high degree of significant difference in indicators (from p<0.002 to p<0.001); c) clearer and smoother contours with a high degree of significant difference in indicators (p<0.002).

[Dynamics of eeg and psychophysiological indicators of acute poisoning neurotoxicants on the stage of rehabilitation on the background of different methods of treatment]. / Dinamika elektroentsefalograficheskikh i psikhofiziologicheskikh pokazatelei pri ostrykh otravleniyakh neirotoksikantami na etape reabilitatsii na fone razlichnykh metodov lecheniya.

AIM: To evaluate the dynamics of functional activity of brain structures underlying cognitive functions in patients with encephalopathy due to poisoning with neurotoxicants on the stage of rehabilitation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-six patients were examined. The main group consisted of 40 patients treated with intravenous injections with mexidol (n=10), combination of mexidol with non-pharmacological methods - mesodiencephalic modulation (MDM) (n=10), hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) (n=10) and the combination of MDM and HBO (n=10). The comparison group included 16 people. All patients underwent neurophysiological (EEG, auditory event-related potentials) and neuropsychological examinations. RESULTS: Marked EEG changes were noted in all patients. The domination of disturbances of functional activity on the diencephalic or mesodiencephalic levels was observed. After treatment, positive changes were found in 60% of patients. The positive dynamics was observed in 80% patients when the combination of mexidol, MDM and HBO was used. The negative dynamics was noted in 5 (12,5%) of patients of the main group, in particular when mexidol only was used. The results of the primary neuropsychological study revealed that cognitive impairment of different severity was found in 97,5% of patients of the main group and 100% of patients of the comparison group. After treatment, performance on neuropsychological tests improved by 62,5%, N200 and P300 latencies reduced, while the amplitudes increased, in the patients of the main group. CONCLUSION: The use of mexidol, MDM and HBO in the treatment of patients with encephalopathy due to poisoning with neurotoxicants on the stage of rehabilitation improved the indicators of functional brain activity and cognitive functions.

Optically Addressable Silicon Vacancy-Related Spin Centers in Rhombic Silicon Carbide with High Breakdown Characteristics and ENDOR Evidence of Their Structure.

We discovered a family of uniaxially oriented silicon vacancy-related centers with S=3/2 in a rhombic 15R-SiC crystalline matrix. We demonstrate that these centers exhibit unique characteristics such as optical spin alignment up to the temperatures of 250°C. Thus, the range of robust optically addressable vacancy-related spin centers is extended to the wide class of rhombic SiC polytypes. To use these centers for quantum applications it is essential to know their structure. Using high frequency electron nuclear double resonance, we show that the centers are formed by negatively charged silicon vacancies V_{Si}^{-} in the paramagnetic state with S=3/2 that is noncovalently bonded to the neutral carbon vacancy V_{C}^{0} in the nonparamagnetic state, located on the adjacent site along the SiC symmetry c axis.

Statistical description of the collective motion of nanoparticles.

A synergetic model allowing the description of a Brownian motion of active nanoparticles within the framework of the Lorenz three-parameter system is developed. The fluctuation's influence on the transition between different motion regimes is investigated. A diagram of possible motion modes of an active nanoparticle group and the corresponding stationary values of velocity are analyzed.

Recombination processes in systems based on doped ionic crystals with impurity-related nanostructures.

Recombination processes leading to the tunnelling afterglow and photostimulated luminescence in systems based on host ionic crystals with impurity-related nanostructures-promising phosphors for x-ray storage-were studied by means of luminescence, EPR and optically detected magnetic resonance. It was found that in the x-ray irradiated CsBr:Eu and CsBr:Pb crystals the energy released in the spin-dependent tunnelling recombination of electron-hole pairs and self-trapped excitons in the host crystal is directionally transferred to the impurity-related low-dimensional structures. To identify the origin of recombining electron and hole centres, their EPR spectra were detected by monitoring the tunnelling afterglow and the photostimulated luminescence including the emission bands of the low-dimensional structures.

Analysis of uncertainties in manometric gas-adsorption measurements: II. Uncertainty in alpha(S)-analyses and pore volumes.

We describe procedures to propagate the uncertainty in adsorption data and alpha(S)-values to generate uncertainty in apparent primary, secondary, and total micropore volumes for porous activated carbons exhibiting Type I and IV character. The alpha(S)-data are interpolated from selected non-porous reference material (NPRM) adsorption isotherm data with some adsorbents exhibiting surface chemistry quite different from and some similar to that of the porous adsorbents (PA). We show that a statistically constant apparent total micropore volume can be determined independent of the NPRM surface chemistry. In contrast, NPRM surface chemistry appears to influence our ability to identify unequivocally the filling and condensation ranges of micropore filling, leading to statistically different apparent primary and secondary micropore volumes.