ABSTRACT
Background: Use of different social media platforms has increased radically over the past decade, emerging as an important part of adolescents and young people's everyday life. This might exert potential adverse effects on sleep quality and daytime performance of young adults. Aim of Study: To assess the relation between use of social media platforms and sleep quality among public secondary school students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 961 students in Aseer region, Saudi Arabia. Students were asked to fill in a structured interview questionnaire covering personal data, pattern of social media use, sleep quality using The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and their mental health status using the depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS-21). Results: Students' ages ranged from 15 to 20 years with a mean age of 16.7 ± 2.1 years old. A total of 570 (59.3%) students were females. Tiktok (80%), Snapchat (77.9%), Instagram (63.8%) and YouTube (58.8%) were the most reported platforms used. Regarding their sleep quality, 34.7% of students were poor sleepers. TikTok use (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.01-1.77), hours spent on social media (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.16-1.37) and having moderate to severe depressive symptoms (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.19-2.40) were significant independent predictors of poor sleep among the studied sample. Conclusion: The present study emphasized the association between prolonged use of social media and poor sleep quality among Saudi adolescents. Awareness and behavioral change strategies and activities concerning the drawbacks of poor sleep and proper use of social media are urgently called for to control mental and physical health consequences of poor sleep and social media addiction.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The Paris System (TPS) for Reporting Urine Cytology has significantly improved the approach to evaluating urine cytology. TPS criteria were defined mainly according to ThinPrep and SurePath preparations, as they are widely utilized. The objective of this study is to validate urine cytology interpretation according to the TPS classification using cytospin technique in relation to the gold slandered histology. Material and Methods: This retrospective study examined and analyzed 316 urine specimens from King Abdulaziz University Hospital between 2015 and 2020. Cytospin technique is performed for all cases. Slides were recategorized using TPS criteria, then compared with the original histology diagnosis. Results: According to the TPS, 108 cases were classified as 101 AUC (32%), 95 NEG (30%), 59 HGUC (18.7%), 31 SHGUC (9.8%), and 30 (9.5%) others. The computed sensitivity of cytospin in urine cytology was 94.7%, with 73.9% specificity, a positive predictive value of 85.6%, a negative predictive value of 89.5%, and overall accuracy of 86.8%. Conclusion: Urine cytology testing is considered to be a non-invasive and sensitive method to screen for urothelial carcinoma. TPS defined standards are reliable on cytospin prepared slides for reporting urine cytology.
ABSTRACT
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common renal malignancy. It has a variable clinical course with metastasis to unusual sites occurring months to years after the initial diagnosis. However, metastasis can also be the first presentation of RCC. Although relatively uncommon, the thyroid gland is the most common location for RCC metastasis in the head and neck region. Tumor-to-tumor metastasis is an exceedingly rare occurrence. Only 10 cases were reported of RCC metastasis to primary thyroid neoplasms. We present a case of clear cell RCC metastasizing to a follicular of variant papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) 14 years after the initial diagnosis of RCC. A review of similar reported cases revealed that the most common primary thyroid recipient of tumor-to-tumor metastasis of RCC was FVPTC. The rich lymphovascular network in FVPTC compared to other thyroid tumors, which may promote the deposition of metastatic tumor cells, might explain this predilection. Careful review of the clinical and radiological findings and checking for any history of malignancy when examining thyroid nodules is important for guiding further studies. Performing a targeted panel of immunohistochemical stains for any suspicious areas is also essential for the diagnosis of such unusual cases.
