ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to compare the risk of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) between patients suspending and continuing estrogen therapy perioperatively, in male to female gender-affirming surgery (vaginoplasty). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing research on male to female gender-affirming study, which compared the risk of VTE among the usage of estrogen perioperatively. RESULTS: A total of 209 studies were identified as potentially eligible among PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases. Among the studies, 191 studies were excluded due to their abstract inappropriateness. Out of the remaining 18 studies, only 3 articles were eligible and were finally included. Meta-analysis was performed and showed odds ratio of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.04, 14.01). CONCLUSIONS: Perioperative estrogen therapy does not increase VTE risk on male to female gender-affirming surgery. Therefore, estrogen therapy may be continued perioperatively in vaginoplasty. More prospective studies are needed.
Subject(s)
Transgender Persons , Venous Thromboembolism , Venous Thrombosis , Estrogens/adverse effects , Female , Hormone Replacement Therapy , Humans , Male , Venous Thromboembolism/chemically induced , Venous Thromboembolism/epidemiologyABSTRACT
We report a case of primary pulmonary rhabdomyosarcoma in a 52-year-old woman. The diagnosis was established after radical right pneumonectomy, mainly based on immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy findings. This type of tumor is rare in adults. Its primary origin is suggested when a pulmonary meta-stasis of rhabdomyosarcoma from another site or a component of a mixed tumor are ruled out. The best treatment is surgery. The prognosis is poor.
Subject(s)
Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Rhabdomyosarcoma/pathology , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Lung Neoplasms/surgery , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Rhabdomyosarcoma/surgery , S100 Proteins/analysisABSTRACT
Nine pathologists from different institutions reviewed in a double-blind study 16 breast tumors previously indexed as typical medullary carcinoma, atypical medullary carcinoma, or infiltrative ductal carcinoma. A set of 16 slides was circulated two times among the nine pathologists. The diagnoses of typical and atypical medullary carcinomas were based on a definition given by Ridolfi et al. The interobserver and intraobserver agreement was low, with a kappa value of less than .50. The only histological criterion that had more than 50% agreement was the presence or absence of an in situ component in the tumor, assuming that the disagreement of one pathologist is accepted. This study is a snapshot of the problems encountered in the diagnosis of typical medullary carcinoma in a routine context and it shows high levels of variations in diagnostic consistency.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Carcinoma, Medullary/pathology , Female , Humans , Observer VariationABSTRACT
One case of hepatoid carcinoma of the ovary is described, and a review of the literature is performed. This tumor is now considered as a variety of common epithelial tumor of the ovary and must be distinguished from other ovarian-neoplasms, especially from hepatoid yolk sac tumors.
