Practicing Interoceptive Sensitivity as a Couple: A Mixed-Methods Acceptance Analysis of a Dyadic vs. Single Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Training interoceptive sensitivity (IS) might be a first step in effectively promoting intuitive eating (IE). A dyadic interoception-based pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted to increase IE among couples aged 50+. The training consisted of three exercises, a Body Scan (BS), a hunger exercise (HU), and a satiety (SA) exercise. This study explored how spouses accepted the (dyadic vs. single) training. In a mixed-methods convergence design, the findings of a survey (n = 68 couples) and focus groups (n = 4) were synthesized. Moderate general acceptance (e.g., regarding feasibility and low burden) and a hierarchical gradient in favor of the BS (e.g., pleasantness and improved sleep quality) emerged. Barriers concerned a perceived lack of the exercises' usefulness and a limited understanding of the training purpose. A wish for regular feedback and exchange with the study stuff and other participants was expressed. Spousal training involvement was experienced as being rather beneficial. Previously harmonized dietary practices and daily routines appeared as constructive pre-conditions for the joint training. This study highlights the potential and implications of training couples in IS. Future interventions should involve a regular exchange and closer guidance by study staff to promote a better understanding of the processes and goals of IS and IE.

Potential for, and readiness to, dietary-style changes during the retirement status passage: a systematic mixed-studies review.

CONTEXT: Unfavorable diets contribute to the global burden of disease and particularly affect individuals' health in old age. To promote healthy aging, it is vital to understand the biographical circumstances under which diets manifest and change. OBJECTIVE: This systematic mixed-studies review explored changes in dietary styles of people facing retirement. DATA SOURCES: Seven electronic databases were searched systematically, along with reference lists. DATA EXTRACTION: Five qualitative and five quantitative studies were identified out of n = 974 records screened. Relevant study characteristics were extracted with a piloted form. DATA SYNTHESIS: A qualitative convergent synthesis design was conducted. RESULTS: Study results were inconsistent. The majority of studies identified various dietary-style changes after retirement - some in favorable ways (eg, increased vegetable consumption [n = 4]) and some in rather unfavorable ways (eg, increased snacking [n = 2]). Influencing factors were changes in mealtime structures, available time, and financial situations accompanying retirement. CONCLUSION: More high-quality, longitudinal research is needed to build a sound basis for interventions by utilizing the retirement transition as a window of opportunity for dietary changes. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration no. CRD42018074049.