ABSTRACT
High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex has been clearly reported to be effective in the treatment of depression. We report a patient with treatment-resistant depression, without any known risk factors, who developed seizure during the fourth rTMS session. After written informed consent, he received further rTMS sessions under cover of antiepileptic drug valproate and improved without recurrence of seizure.
Subject(s)
Seizures/physiopathology , Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/adverse effects , Adult , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Depressive Disorder, Major/complications , Depressive Disorder, Major/therapy , Humans , Male , Prefrontal Cortex/physiology , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Seizures/drug therapy , Valproic Acid/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Reported herein is a case of obsessive-compulsive disorder with persistent and distressing musical obsessions along with other symptoms. Advanced source analysis of electroencephalographic data indicated high spectral power over the bifrontal region. The musical symptoms were resistant to pharmacotherapy but there was some reduction in frequency and duration of musical obsessions with thought-stopping technique.
Subject(s)
Hallucinations/psychology , Music/psychology , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/psychology , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/therapeutic use , Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Electroencephalography , Electrophysiology , Fluvoxamine/therapeutic use , Fourier Analysis , Humans , Male , Risperidone/therapeutic use , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Auditory hallucinations are a characteristic symptom of schizophrenia and are usually resistant to treatment. The present study was conducted to further support the findings that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) reduces auditory hallucinations, and to evaluate the effect of low-frequency rTMS on auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia. METHODS: Forty schizophrenia patients were included in the study. Patients were randomized to control or experimental group. Low-frequency rTMS (1 Hz, 90% motor threshold) was applied to the left temporoparietal cortex of patients in the experimental group for 10 days following the standard guidelines as an addition to antipsychotic treatment. The control group received only antipsychotics. The changes in the psychopathology scores for the auditory hallucinations were recorded using auditory hallucination recording scale. The rater was blind to the intervention procedure. RESULTS: A significant improvement was found in auditory hallucinations in the experimental group as compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: Left temporoparietal rTMS warrants further study as an intervention for auditory hallucinations. Data suggest that this intervention selectively alters neurobiological factors determining frequency of these hallucinations.
Subject(s)
Hallucinations/etiology , Hallucinations/therapy , Schizophrenia/complications , Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/methods , Adult , Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use , Female , Hallucinations/diagnosis , Haloperidol/therapeutic use , Humans , International Classification of Diseases , Male , Risperidone/therapeutic use , Schizophrenia/diagnosis , Schizophrenia/drug therapy , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
Dementia of Lewy body disease is the second most common degenerative cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease, among all the dementias. The core features are a progressive dementia, fluctuations in cognitive functions, visual hallucinations, and spontaneous parkinsonism. Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, severe neuroleptic sensitivity, and low dopamine transporter uptake in basal ganglia are other suggestive features. Behavioral abnormalities are commonly present in the form of aggressive behavior, irritability, and uninhibited behaviors. These are mostly seen in the advanced stages of dementia. However, inappropriate sexual behavior is uncommonly seen in such cases. Three types of inappropriate sexual behaviors commonly found in cases of dementia are sex talks, sexual acts, and implied sexual acts. Such inappropriate sexual behaviors have not been described adequately in dementia of Lewy body disease. We report inappropriate sexual behaviors in a case of dementia of Lewy body disease, which improved rapidly after treatment with quetiapine.
