ABSTRACT
The present research aimed at investigating the relationship between parental mindfulness and the child's mind reading ability based on his cognitive emotion regulation as playing a mediating role in the cultural context of Iran. The final participants included 278 primary school children and their parents from Kerman city in 2017. Mindfulness was measured by the interpersonal mindfulness in parenting scale, cognitive emotion regulation by cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire of kids, and mind reading by reading the mind in the eyes test for children. Based on the findings, the model was significant only for mothers and effects of awareness and present-centered attention and non-reactivity, as facets of parental mindfulness, on the child's mind reading ability were mediated partly and completely by the child's positive cognitive emotion regulation, respectively. The relationship pattern of variables was equal for boys and girls. Planning applied interventions based on the results of this study are recommended.
Subject(s)
Mindfulness , Child , Cognition , Emotional Regulation , Female , Humans , Male , Parenting , ParentsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: TRIF and MYD88 are intracellular adaptor proteins for TLR signaling, and altered expression of these molecules can lead to defective or unregulated immune responses. Furthermore, previous studies revealed that depression may alter immune responses, but its mechanisms of action are unclear yet. There is a possibility that immunity and depression are linked through molecules such as TRIF and MYD88, thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the mRNA levels of TRIF and MYD88 in the PBMCs isolated from depressed medical students. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The current study examined 38 depressed medical students studying in Iran and 43 healthy students from the same cohort as a control group. The mRNA levels of TRIF and MYD88 were examined in parallel with a housekeeping gene using real-time PCR. RESULTS: Our results demonstrated that expression of TRIF and MYD88 were significantly elevated in PBMCs isolated from depressed patients when compared to healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the current results, it seems that chronic inflammation in depressed patients correlates to the over expression of TRIF and MYD88 genes. Our results show a possible link between the reported increases of chronic inflammation in depressed individuals with unbalanced expression of genes that regulate immunity.
Subject(s)
Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport/metabolism , Depressive Disorder/metabolism , Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/metabolism , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport/genetics , Case-Control Studies , Chronic Disease , Depressive Disorder/complications , Depressive Disorder/immunology , Gene Expression , Humans , Immunity, Innate/physiology , Inflammation/complications , Inflammation/metabolism , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism , Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/genetics , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Signal Transduction , Students, Medical/psychology , Toll-Like Receptors/physiology , Up-RegulationABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Self immolation is a heinous way to commit suicide which is mostly prevalent in individuals who attempt to escape a stressful situation and is considered as a strange and unusual method. OBJECTIVES: This study examined demographic characteristics and mental health in self immolation attempters in the city of Bandar Abbas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two groups are involved in this enquiry. A group of 30 participants who have committed self-immolation and the other consisting of 15 non-committers. To conduct the study, MMPI questionnaire of Minnesota was employed accompanied with demographic information and descriptive statistics as well as independent "t-test". RESULTS: The research findings indicate that the self-immolation attempters were mostly among singles, females, low literates or illiterates, and housewives within the age group of 10-30 years old. According to the research there was a significant difference between two groups regarding personality characteristics and records of hypochondriasis, depression, psychopathic deviation, and hysteria. However no significant difference was observed between two groups regarding personality characteristics and paranoia, schizophrenia, psychasthrenia, and hypomania. CONCLUSIONS: Self-immolation should be considered as an important mental health problem by the authorities. Moreover, the government should plan to make families more aware in order to prevent self-immolation and also help to recognize the risk factors in this area.
