ABSTRACT
Background: Hemophilia is a well-known bleeding disorder with worldwide distribution. Replacement therapy, using plasma-derived or recombinant coagulation factors, comprises a gold standard regimen for the treatment. Regardless of the advancements made in viral inactivation methods in the production of plasma-derived coagulation factors, the possibility of transmission of new viral infections remained as a noticeable concern yet. The aim of the current study was to investigate the status of parvovirus 4 (PARV4) in severe hemophilia A, von Willebrand disease (vWD), and healthy control. Materials and Methods: In the current case-control study, 76 patients with hemophilia and vWD and 60 individuals from their family members entered the study. Nested PCR used to determine the presence of PARV4 in study subjects (76 cases). To characterize the PARV4 genotype, positive samples subjected to sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Results: PARV4 genome detected in 11 (14.47%) patients with bleeding disorders. Among whom, nine patients (14.75%) were with severe hemophilia A and two (13.33%) patients with vWD. Only five healthy controls (8.33%) were positive for PARV4. All PARV4 sequences were found to be genotype 1. Conclusion: PARV4 infection in patients with hemophilia and vWD was higher than the control group. While detection of PARV4 DNA in patients with bleeding disorders may not necessarily reflect a clinical urgency, future investigations are needed to define the clinical significance of PARV4. It seems the detection of the virus immune signature of PARV4 infection, particularly in the context of acute and persistent infections, needs to focus on cellular and tissue targets.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The safety of donated blood is the most vital concern of a blood transfusion organization. Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screening for blood transfusion products has gained more importance where knowing the prevalence rate will help health policy makers. In this paper, we will evaluate the prevalence of viral infection in donated blood in the province of Qazvin in 2009. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study has been conducted using a registration system of computerized records for donors in Qazvin in 2009 using the consensus mode on 20,591 blood donors. The results of their HBV, HCV, and HIV viral markers were evaluated and analyzed using the chi square statistical test. RESULTS: The prevalence rate of HBV, HCV, and HIV viral markers using the ELISA primary test in the individuals studied has been 0.28%, 1.59% and 0.1%, respectively, and on the basis of their confirmatory tests, 0.23%, 0.17% and 0%, respectively. There was no significant statistical difference in their infection rate on the basis of sex and marital status. Regular donors (46.85%) had a smaller infection rate compared to others (P<0.005). There was a significant statistical difference in the rate of prevalence of infection for hepatitis B and C in the regular donors compared to first-time donors. CONCLUSION: Considering the lower prevalence of viral markers in regular donors it is recommended that more use be made of them for blood donation.
