ABSTRACT
The diagnostic of infections of blood flow using technique of hemofermentation (blood inoculation) is one of the most significant functions of laboratory of clinical microbiology. The effectiveness of the given technique depends on many factors, including criteria of evaluation of clinical significance of episode of bacteriemia and isolated microorganism applied by physician-microbiologist. The intelligent analysis of received results is needed. The physician-microbiologist has to determine if microorganism isolated from given blood sample, is a genuine agent of infections of bloodflow or it is only effect of contamination of analyzed sample at certain stage. The article presents data concerning taxonomic structure of microorganisms isolated under episodes of bacteriemia of adult oncologic hematologic patients during 2005-2013. The criteria of evaluation of clinical significance of episode of bacteriemia and isolated microorganism are described. The given criteria are developed in the N.N. Blokhin Russian oncological research center and are applied since 1977. The cases of contamination and genuine bacteriemia are established. The comparative analysis of international data and results of one's own study are carried out.
Subject(s)
Bacteremia/diagnosis , Bacterial Proteins/isolation & purification , Candidiasis/diagnosis , Fungal Proteins/isolation & purification , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Adult , Bacteremia/complications , Bacteremia/microbiology , Bacteremia/pathology , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Candida/chemistry , Candida/growth & development , Candida/isolation & purification , Candidiasis/complications , Candidiasis/microbiology , Candidiasis/pathology , Culture Media , False Positive Reactions , Female , Gram-Negative Bacteria/chemistry , Gram-Negative Bacteria/growth & development , Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/complications , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/pathology , Gram-Positive Bacteria/chemistry , Gram-Positive Bacteria/growth & development , Gram-Positive Bacteria/isolation & purification , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/complications , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/pathology , Hematologic Neoplasms/complications , Hematologic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Hematologic Neoplasms/microbiology , Hematologic Neoplasms/pathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationSubject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Fever/etiology , Leukemia, Myeloid/drug therapy , Neutropenia/chemically induced , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Fever/prevention & control , Fever/therapy , Humans , Infant , Male , Neutropenia/complications , Neutropenia/prevention & control , Neutropenia/therapySubject(s)
Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Neutropenia/complications , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Bacteremia/drug therapy , Bacteremia/etiology , Bacterial Infections/etiology , Drug Therapy, Combination/therapeutic use , Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/therapeutic use , Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/therapeutic use , Humans , Leukemia/complications , Leukemia/drug therapy , Neutropenia/drug therapy , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The authors reported some data on the frequency and spectrum of mycotic infections in 76 adult patients with different types of acute leukemia over the last 3 years. The growth of fungi of various species was noted in 50 (23%) of 213 bacteriological tests, candidomycetes being the most common type. Three patients with aspergillosis were described in detail, in 2 of them intravital diagnosis was established. One of these patients with a complete response received amphotericin B therapy despite the fact that acute leukemia in this case was refractory to therapy. The other patient died of profuse pulmonary hemorrhage. The main nosological types of systemic mycoses, their clinical picture, prevention, therapy and characteristic features in acute leukemias were under consideration.
Subject(s)
Aspergillosis/etiology , Candidiasis/etiology , Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/complications , Lung Diseases, Fungal/etiology , Opportunistic Infections/etiology , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/complications , Stomatitis, Aphthous/etiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aspergillus flavus , Candidiasis, Oral/etiology , Humans , Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/immunology , Male , Neutropenia/complications , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/immunologyABSTRACT
Enzyme immunoassay systems on the basis of S. aureus teichoic acids, peptidoglycan and polysaccharide-containing preparation are incapable of reliably diagnosing the staphylococcal nature of postoperative complications in oncological patients.
