ABSTRACT
The first step from the neuropsychology in Argentina was in 1883 with the thesis of Antonio Piñeiro about the brain localization of the language and vision disorders, only few years after Broca. The aim of this work has been to describe the development of the neuropsychology in Argentina and its relation with the psychology, neurology and psychiatry. The first period was into the neurology with its French school in?uence. In 1907, Jose Ingeniero published in French his book about "amusia", Cristofredo Jakob the "folia neurobiologica" where he described the organization of the human brain, Vicente Dimitri in 1933 his book "aphasia" and Bernardo de Quiros in 1959 his works about dyslexia. The psychiatry at the hospices with the German influence from Jakob developed to the modern neuropsychiatry with Juan Carlos Goldar. The argentine school of psychology by the holism and the psychoanalysis influence do not accept the neuropsychology until 1960 where was included at the school of psychology from the university of Buenos Aires (UBA) with the first linguistics works of Juan Azcoaga. At the 80, began the North American influence of the neurology with authors like Carlos Mangone (dementia), Ramon Leiguarda (apraxia), Sergio Starkstein (depression and apathy) and Ricardo Allegri (memory and Alzheimer). In 1982 the Argentine Neuropsychological Society was founded and in 1987 was the working group of dementia from the Argentine Neurological Society. At this moment, Aldo Ferreres organized the chair of neuropsychology at the school of psychology (UBA). Nowadays, the growing as discipline is in context of the psychology, neurology and psychiatry in the way of the recent cognitive neurosciences.
Subject(s)
Cognitive Neuroscience/history , Neuropsychology/history , Argentina , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , History, 21st CenturyABSTRACT
Pathologic expansion of the G4C2 repeat in C9orf72 is the main genetic cause of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To evaluate the frequency of the G4C2 expansion in a Latin American cohort of FTD and ALS patients, we used a 2-step genotyping strategy. For FTD, we observed an overall expansion frequency of 18.2% (6 of 33 unrelated cases). Moreover, the C9orf72 expansion accounted for 37.5% of all familial FTD cases (6 of 16 families). The expansion frequency in sporadic ALS cases was 2% (1 of 47 unrelated patients), whereas we observed the expansion in 1 of 3 families with a positive history for ALS. Overall, the expansion frequency in our FTD group was similar to that reported for patients in Europe and North America, whereas the frequency in our sporadic ALS group was significantly lower. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the frequency of the C9orf72 expansion in a Latin American population.
