[Ten-year experience of the postgraduate education for general practitioners]. / Desiatiletnii opyt organizatsii obucheniia vrachei terapevticheskogo profilia v internature.

The article summarizes a 10-year experience of teaching general practitioners in internship. Different kind of teaching in the 1-year term was described as well as given questionnaire design results of internists to be. Intership organization development was considered in the article, it will help the work of general practitioners to be more effective.

[The characteristics of the cardiovascular disorders in patients with chronic kidney failure]. / Kharakteristika serdechno-sosudistykh narushenii u bol'nykh s khronicheskoi pochechnoi nedostatochnost'iu.

The present paper focuses on discussion of pathophysiologic aspects of cardiovascular disorders evolving in chronic renal impairement, with due emphasis being given to prevalence as well as prognostic significance of arterial hypertension, hypertrophy of the left ventricle of the heart, left ventricular diastolic and systolic dysfunctions, ischemic heart disease, congestive cardiac insufficiency and arrhythmias. The author analyzes extensive own data based on study into particular features of cardiovascular disorders in chronic renal impairement with making use of modern diagnostic tools.

[The effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and pronounced kidney failure]. / Vliianie ingibitorov angiotenzinprevrashchaiushchego fermenta na gipertrofiiu levogo zheludochka serdtsa u bol'nykh khronicheskim glomerulonefritom s vyrazhennoi pochechnoi nedostatochnost'iu.

This study compared the effects of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors captopril versus enalapril on left ventricular (LV) muscle mass and LV systolic and diastolic function in 58 patients with primary glomerulonephritis and moderate chronic renal failure. The design was a 6-8 week titration phase and 6-month maintenance phase. Mean myocardial mass calculated by M-mode echocardiography in the captopril group was 153 +/- 26 g/m2 before, and 130 +/- 14 g/m2 after 6 months of treatment, in enalapril group 147 +/- 22 g/m2 before, and 126 +/- 23 g/m2 after 6 months of treatment (p < 0.05). LV ejection fraction, early and late transmitral flow velocities and early to late LV inflow velocities ratio were not significantly affected by both ACE inhibitors.

[The clinico-morphological characteristics of glomerulonephritis in infectious endocarditis]. / Kliniko-morfologicheskaia kharakteristika glomerulonefrita pri infektsionnom éndokardite.

Clinicomorphological characteristics of glomerulonephritis in infectious endocarditis (IEGN) were studied in 62 patients (with samples of autopsy material being used in 52 instances). IEGN presents with dissaminated and focal proliferative alterations involving extracapillary and/or tubulointerstitial components, and is characterized by a broad variability of indices for proteinuria, hematuria and cylindruria. In diffuse prolipherative glomerulonephritis the degree of proteinuria and cylindruria appear to be significantly higher than in focal segmental proliferative glomerulonephritis, as is the incidence rate of development of renal insufficiency and its gravity.

[The late results of electrical cardioversion in patients with a chronic form of atrial fibrillation]. / Otdalennye rezul'taty élektricheskoi kardioversii u bol'nykh s khronicheskoi formoi mertsatel'noi aritmii.

The paper presents results of study of the electric cardioversion (ECV) long-term effects in 216 patients with a chronic form of cardiac fibrillation (CF). The CF relapses were found to occur in 45.4% of cases, with the 43.9% of the whole number of the above relapses falling on the first two weeks, during six months after successful ECV. CF relapses were significantly more common in patients with rheumatic and ischemic heart diseases, as well as in those persons with CF duration of more than one year and in recurrent arrhythmias in instances of left ventricle sizes exceeding 45 mm. CF form does not appear to have a demonstrable effect on the ECV long-term results.

[Left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with nephrogenic arterial hypertension]. / Gipertrofiia levogo zheludochka serdtsa u bol'nykh s nefrogennoi arterial'noi gipertenziei.

Incidence and geometric peculiarities of hypertrophy of the left ventricle of the heart (HLVH) were studied on the basis of findings from the echocardiographic investigation done in 86 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (ChGN) with arterial hypertension (AH), with the renal function being preserved and at the early stages of renal insufficiency. HLVH was detected in 30.2% of the patients, in 80.8% of whom it was concentric, and in 19.2% eccentric, in 76%--symmetric and in 23.1%--asymmetric. Incidence of HLVH did not correlate with sex, clinical variant of ChGN, renal function status, and increased with the degree and duration of AH. There was no difference in geometric peculiarities between sexes, clinical variants of ChGN, and no association with degree and duration of AH as well as with functional state of the kidneys.

[The prognosis of the nature of the course and outcome of infectious endocarditis]. / Prognozirovanie kharaktera techeniia i iskhoda infektsionnogo éndokardita.

Prognostic significance of various clinical and laboratory indices for predicting the course and outcome of infectious endocarditis (IE) has been analyzed for 139 IE patients aged 15-68 (77 males and 62 females). The unfavourable prognosis was associated with uncontrollable sepsis, persistence of circulating immune complexes and developing glomerulonephritis. The latter had also prognostic signs unfavourable for IE: moderate or severe proteinuria and/or cylindruria, reduced renal function, diffuse proliferation, pronounced extracapillary and/or tubulointerstitial components.