Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Sleep Condition Indicator: A Clinical Screening Instrument Based on the DSM-5 Criteria for Insomnia.

Purpose: We aimed to adapt the Turkish Sleep Condition Indicator (SCI) version and examine its psychometric properties among the general population. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. The item-total correlation, standard error of measurement, Cronbach's α, and McDonald's ω were used for internal consistency. We ran confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and network analysis to confirm the factor structure. Multigroup CFA was run to assess the measurement invariance across gender, whether clinical insomnia or not, and poor sleep quality. We correlated SCI scores with Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores to evaluate construct validity. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to calculate the cut-off score of the SCI. The temporal stability was examined with the intraclass correlation coefficient. Results: Eight hundred thirty-four participants attended. Over half of the participants were women (63.2% n = 527); the mean age was 36.15 ± 9.64. Confirmatory factor and network analysis results show that the two-factor correlated model had a good model fit for the SCI. The SCI had scalar level invariance across gender, having clinical insomnia and poor sleep quality in the Multigroup CFA. ROC curve analysis shows that the SCI has good sensitivity (90.3%) and specificity (91.8%) for cut-off ≤ 15. The intraclass correlation coefficient computed between the first and second SCI total scores was significant (r=0.80 with a 95% confidence interval from 0.78 to 0.87; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The Turkish SCI is a practical self-reported insomnia scale with good psychometric properties that can be used to screen for insomnia disorder.

Trauma Level, Coping with Stress and Post-Traumatic Change in University Students Experiencing Kahramanmaras Centered Earthquake: A Cross-Sectional Study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this research is to examine the levels of post-traumatic stress, coping with stress, and post-traumatic change in university students after the Kahramanmaras-centered earthquakes in February 2023. METHOD: The research is descriptive and relational. The sample of the study consists of 221 university students. Personal Information Form, Post-earthquake Trauma Level Determination Scale, Strategies for Coping with Earthquake Stress Scale, and Post-Traumatic Change Scale were used as data collection tools. Descriptive analyses (percentage, arithmetic mean), correlation analysis, and regression analysis were used in the analysis of the data. RESULTS: It was determined that the students were highly traumatized after the earthquake, and post-traumatic stress symptoms were observed in a significant majority of the students. It was determined that the students used the post-earthquake coping strategies effectively. Post-traumatic change is positive. Inter-scale correlations are significant (P < 0.05). According to regression analysis, the level of post-earthquake trauma and the level of coping with earthquake stress are significant predictors of post-traumatic change. In addition, the damage to houses during the earthquake significantly affects the post-traumatic change. CONCLUSIONS: We think that pre-planning the psychological support services, increasing social supports, and teaching methods of coping with stress that can be applied after disasters such as earthquakes will be effective in preventing post-traumatic problems in university students at risk after trauma. It is hoped that the findings of this study will assist researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in implementing effective strategies for post-disaster.

Type D personality to insomnia: Sleep reactivity, sleep effort, and sleep hygiene as mediators.

Background: Insomniacs are heterogenous group with very diverse personalities. We aimed to investigate the mediating role of sleep reactivity (SR), sleep hygiene (SH), and sleep effort (SE) in the relationship between Type D personality and insomnia. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 474 participants. The survey comprised the sociodemographic data form, Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), D Type Personality Scale (DS-14), Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST), Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale (GSES), and Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI). We conducted hierarchical multiple regression analysis to identify the associations between age, sex, SR, Type D personality traits, SE, SH, and insomnia severity. We subsequently conducted mediation analyses to examine whether SR, SH, and SE mediated the relationship between Type D personality and insomnia. Results: ISI, DS-14, FIRST, SHI, and GSES scores were significantly higher in individuals with Type D personality. Female sex, SR, Type D personality traits, SE, and SH explained 45% of the variance in insomnia severity. When age, sex, insomnia response to stress, and Type D personality traits were controlled, SE and SH significantly explained 25% of the variance in insomnia severity (R 2 = 0.45, R 2 change = 0.25, F (6.474) = 65.58, p < 0.001). SR, SE, and SH each played a partial mediating role between Type D personality and insomnia. Conclusion: The findings showed that individuals with Type D personality had high SR and that individuals with a higher number of these personality traits exhibited more severe insomnia symptoms through high SR, greater SE, and worse SH.

Adaptation and Validation of the Turkish Version of the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test in University Students.

Objective: We adapted the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test to Turkish (FIRST-T) and validated it. Methods: We randomly divided 774 Turkish university students into two equal groups for exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). McDonald's omega and Cronbach's alpha values were utilized for reliability analyses. Item response theory (IRT) approach also used for psychometric properties on the full sample. For discriminant validity, study sample were classified into high and low sleep reactivity groups, and their sociodemographic and sleep data were compared. Results: EFA results suggested a one-factor structure of the FIRST-T, which was confirmed by CFA results. The FIRST-T had solid internal reliability. Item analysis results showed that all the items could distinguish between low and high scorers. This scale showed the same construct (clinical insomnia vs good sleepers) across the sexes in multi-group CFA and differential item functioning results. In the high FIRST-T score group, sleep quality, severity of insomnia, and anxiety scores were higher. In this group, more participants had clinical insomnia according to the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and were poor sleepers according to the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The FIRST-T has robust psychometric properties that assesses sleep reactivity among university students.

Pshychological Resilience and Percieved Stress Level in Nurses: Experience of Nurses in Turkey.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of psychological resilience levels of nurses on perceived stress levels in this study. METHODS: The research was carried out with 153 nurses. Socio-demographic Questionnaire, The Brief Resilience Scale, and Perceived Stress Scale were used as data collection tools. RESULTS: The nurses' total Brief Resilience Scale score average was 17.72 ± 4.48, and the total Perceived Stress Scale score average was 31.74 ± 7.18. There was a negative and moderately significant relationship between the resilience and stress level of the nurses. During the pandemic process, the level of stress that nurses perceive increases as their psychological resilience decreases. CONCLUSION: Psychological resilience and coping with stress are traits that can be improved. It is important to establish strategies to increase the resilience of nurses and improve their ability to cope effectively with stress.