Comparative Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy and Fluoride Release of Seven Different Glass-Ionomer-Based Restorative Materials.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate one high-viscosity glass-ionomer cement (EQUIA/GC), two resin-modified glass ionomers (Fuji II LC/GC, Photac Fil Quick Aplicap/3M Oral Care), two traditional glass ionomers (Ketac Molar Easymix/3M, Fuji II/GC), and two compomers (Freedom/SDI, Dyract XP/Dentsply Sirona) through a comparison of fluoride release and antimicrobial effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 210 samples were prepared, as 10 for each of the 7 materials for fluoride release and 20 for each material for the antimicrobial effect tests. To measure fluoride release, 5 ml distilled water and 5 ml TISAB II were added to the samples, which were then incubated at 37˚C. The fluoride levels of the material were measured using the selective ion electrode on days 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28. To compare the antimicrobial effects, 20 samples were divided in two groups and implanted in culture media containing Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophylus. Measurements were taken on days 2, 4 and 6. The diameter of the inhibition zone was recorded in millimetre (mm). RESULTS: All the materials released fluoride and the difference between them was determined to be statistically significant (p < 0.01). The antimicrobial effect values of the materials against S. mutans and L. acidophylus were evaluated and statistically significant difference was determined between the materials on all the measurement days. CONCLUSIONS: All the materials were observed to release fluoride. With the exception of the compomers, all the other materials showed an antimicrobial effect against S. mutans and L. acidophylus. Key words: fluoride, glass ionomer, antimicrobial, S. mutans, L. acidophylus.

Bond strength of ceramic or resin CAD-CAM laminate veneers.

PURPOSE: To compare the bond strength of ceramic or resin laminate veneers produced using computer assisted design/computer assisted machining (CAD-CAM). METHODS: 80 teeth were prepared for laminate veneer, and divided into eight groups of different CAD-CAM blocks in each group. Each group was restored with the manufacturers' recommended procedures. After cementation of the veneers, all samples were thermocycled (1,000 cycles); the crowns of the teeth were embedded vertically into acrylic blocks and subjected to shear bond strength in a universal tester. Shear bond strength was determined in Newtons (N). RESULTS: The tests showed 52.5% cohesive failure, 30% adhesive failure, and 17.5% adhesive-cohesive failure (mixed). Lava Ultimate had the highest bond strength average and the Cerec blocks had the lowest with 82.2N. Lava Ultimate, Cerasmart, and E-Max's shear bond strength values were statistically different compared to Vitablocs Mark II, Cerec Blocs, GC Initial LRF Blocks (P< 0.05). The difference between the Vitablocs Mark II and Cerec Blocs and the Vita Enamic block was statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference among the other groups. The selected CAD-CAM material affected the shear bond strength of the laminate veneers. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The results of this study can assist clinicians in selecting materials with a high bond strength for laminate veneers.

Effect of the different finishing and polishing procedures on the surface roughness of three different posterior composite resins.

Finishing and polishing techniques have great importance on the long term success and aesthetics of the composite restorations. In this study it was aimed to examine the effect of three different posterior composites on surface texture with various finishing and polishing procedures. Three different posterior composites, Filtek P60, Clearfil Majesty Posterior and Cavex Quadent Posterior Dense, and three different finishing and polishing procedures diamond finishing burs, tungsten carbide burs and Sof-Lex discs were used in the study. The specimens were 5 mm in diameter and 2 mm in height. The surface roughness was measured at three seperate points with a profilometer device and the Ra values were recorded. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis variance analysis was applied for statistical analysis and p < 0.05 was accepted significant. No statistically significant differences were found between the composite resins with respect to surface roughness (p > 0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between the groups of diamond, carbide, and Sof-Lex groups (p < 0.05). Sof-Lex polishing system was more successful than the diamond and carbide burs in the finishing and polishing procedures of composites. SCANNING 38:448-454, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Treatment of an amelogenesis imperfecta with restorations prepared using a modified clear matrix technique.

The rehabilitation of a patient with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) from both functional and esthetic standpoints represents a challenge. A number of treatment options have been proposed. Recently, the use of adhesive restorations has gained popularity because of the improved physical properties of these materials. This article describes a treatment with direct resin composite for the restoration of teeth affected by the hypomature type of AI. A modified clear matrix technique was used during the preparation and restoration process. The use of the technique provides clinicians with reduced chair time, and the matrix can be repeated when needed; restorations can be performed relatively quickly with a minimal post-operative finishing process. This article highlights the use of direct-bonded resin composites providing satisfactory esthetics and function in restoring AI-affected teeth.