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1.
Cad. saúde colet., (Rio J.) ; 29(4): 595-603, out.-dez. 2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1360327

ABSTRACT

Resumo Introdução Gestação está associada à vida e saúde, mas pode acompanhar algum processo de adoecimento, como é o caso do diabetes mellitus, na condição prévia (tipo 1 ou 2) ou gestacional. Compreender a vivência dessas gestantes pode instrumentalizar para a construção de uma proposta de atenção pré-natal especializada e humanizada. Objetivo interpretar os sentidos e significados da gestação com diabetes, sob a perspectiva de mulheres no ciclo gravídico-puerperal. Métodos Estudo de natureza qualitativa com o objetivo de retratar o processo de viver com diabetes mellitus (DM) na gestação, sob a perspectiva das gestantes. Participaram 17 puérperas adultas, com diagnóstico de DM prévio ou gestacional, que realizaram o pré-natal e tiveram seus filhos em uma maternidade pública do Rio de Janeiro. Foram adotadas as técnicas de observação sistemática, bem como entrevistas semiestruturadas e levantamento de dados de prontuário institucional. A interpretação dos dados foi realizada por meio de uma aproximação com o referencial da hermenêutica de profundidade, com adaptação de suas fases, utilizando-se da análise de conteúdo temática, adaptada de Bardin. Resultados Foram identificadas duas categorias, extraídas do corpus das entrevistas: (1) refém do diabetes, relacionando o DM a situações irreversíveis que comprometem a qualidade de vida; e (2) doença da vigilância, associando o DM ao conjunto de medidas terapêuticas necessárias ao seu gerenciamento, como restrição e privação alimentares. Conclusão Concluiu-se que o processo de gestar com DM é permeado por sentidos que merecem ser compreendidos, pois exercem influências sobre o autocuidado e o desfecho da gestação.


Abstract Background Pregnancy is associated with life and health, but it can accompany some illness process, such as diabetes melittus, in the previous (type 1 or 2) or gestational condition. Understanding the experience of these pregnant women can provide instruments for the construction of a proposal for specialized and humanized prenatal care. Objective to interpret the senses and meanings of pregnancy with diabetes, from the perspective of women in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle. Method A qualitative study aimed to bring forward the process of living with diabetes mellitus (DM) during pregnancy, from the perspective of pregnant women. Participants were 17 postpartum women, diagnosed with DM and who underwent prenatal care and had their children in public maternity in Rio de Janeiro. The techniques of systematic observation, semi-structured interviews, and data collection of institutional records were adopted. The interpretation of the data was carried out using an approximation with the reference of the Depth Hermeneutics, with an adaptation of its phases, using Thematic Content Analysis, adapted from Bardin. Results Two categories were identified, extracted from the interview corpus: (1) diabetes hostage, linking DM to irreversible situations that impair quality of life, and (2) disease of surveillance, associating DM with the therapeutic measures necessary for its management, as food restriction and deprivation. Conclusion It was concluded that the process of gestation with DM is permeated by senses, which deserve to be understood since they exert influence on self-care and the outcome of gestation.

2.
Demetra (Rio J.) ; 15(1): e40566, jan.- mar.2020.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1099824

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar a atenção nutricional e as práticas alimentares, na perspectiva de gestantes com excesso de peso assistidas na Atenção Básica de Macaé, Rio de Janeiro. Métodos: Trata-se de pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, fundamentada no paradigma interpretativista. Realizaram-se entrevistas em profundidade, cujos dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo temática adaptada de Bardin. Foram entrevistadas 12 gestantes com excesso de peso, maiores de 20 anos, residentes em Macaé-RJ. Resultados: O estudo verificou o estabelecimento de relações verticalizadas entre o profissional de saúde-usuário, descontinuidade do atendimento nutricional e a não adesão às orientações dietéticas por algumas participantes. Houve maior aceitação do ganho de peso gestacional excessivo e adoção de práticas alimentares ambíguas, permeadas tanto pelo consumo exagerado de alimentos quanto pela retirada de alimentos considerados "ruins e/ou besteiras". O discurso verticalizado do profissional de saúde, frequentemente autoritário, e a anulação da mulher enquanto sujeito ativo na construção do cuidado se manifestaram, de forma implícita, nas narrativas. Conclusão: A naturalização do excesso de peso gestacional, concepções construídas no imaginário social como o "comer por dois" e "desejos" durante a gestação, o conjunto das práticas alimentares nesse período e o suporte familiar constituem elementos relevantes a serem considerados pelas equipes de saúde para a organização da atenção nutricional. (AU)


Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate nutritional care and dietary practices, from the perspective of overweight pregnant women receiving primary health care in the town of Macaé, Rio de Janeiro state. Methods: This is a qualitative research study, based on the interpretive paradigm. In-depth interviews were conducted, and the data underwent thematic content analysis, adapted from Bardin. Twelve overweight pregnant women, over 20 years old, living in Macaé-RJ, were interviewed. Results: The study found the establishment of vertical relationships between the health workerpatient, discontinued nutritional care and non-adherence to dietary guidelines by some participants. There was greater acceptance of excessive gestational weight gain and the adoption of ambiguous eating practices, permeated both by the excessive intake of food and by the withdrawal of foods considered to be "bad and/or junk". The vertical discourse of health workers, which is often authoritarian, and the nullification of women as an active subject in the construction of care, were implicitly reported in the narratives. Conclusion: Naturalization of gestational excess weight, conceptions built in the social imaginary such as "eating for two" and "cravings" during pregnancy, the set of eating practices in this period and family support are relevant elements to be considered by health teams for the organization of nutritional care. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Prenatal Care , Prenatal Nutrition , Feeding Behavior , Food and Nutrition Education , Pregnant Women , Overweight
3.
Physis (Rio J.) ; 29(3): e290316, 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1056941

ABSTRACT

Resumo Este estudo visa analisar os sentidos que os sujeitos conferem às atividades de grupos realizadas em uma Clínica da Família no Rio de Janeiro. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, aplicadas aos participantes, e observação sistemática dos encontros de três grupos distintos. As informações foram processadas pela adaptação da análise de conteúdo temática, com apoio da perspectiva interpretativista. Foram identificadas três categorias analíticas no material empírico, a saber: "dimensão biológica", "dimensão psicoafetiva" e "dimensão educativa". As trocas interpessoais se processaram principalmente pela reflexão proveniente da experiência de vida dos sujeitos, o que possibilitou aproximação diferenciada sobre as necessidades de cuidado dos usuários a partir do acolhimento proporcionado pelo coletivo e dos vínculos construídos. Os resultados demonstram que as abordagens de grupo podem contribuir com a transformação do modelo hegemônico biomédico das práticas de saúde.


Abstract This study aims to analyze the meanings that individuals give to collective activities performed at a Family Health Unit in Rio de Janeiro. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with participants and systematic observation of the three different groups. Information was processed by adapting the analysis of thematic content with the support of the interpretative perspective. Were identified three analytical categories in the interviewees' speech, namely: "Biological dimension", "Psycho-affective dimension" and "Educational dimension". Interpersonal exchanges were processed mainly by reflection from the subjects' life experience, which allowed for a different approach to the care needs of users based on the reception provided by the collective and the bonds built. The results demonstrate that the approaches of group can transform biomedical hegemonic model of health practices.


Subject(s)
Humans , Primary Health Care , Health-Disease Process , Health Education , Health Policy , Health Promotion , Interpersonal Relations , Therapeutics , Brazil , Public Health , Information Dissemination , Personal Narrative , Integrality in Health , Life Change Events
4.
Rev. Nutr. (Online) ; 30(6): 703-711, Nov.-Dec. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041230

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective Aimed at analysing the symbolic dimension of prenatal nutritional care in diabetes. Methods Participants were 17 puerperal adults diagnosed with previous or gestational diabetes. Participant observation and semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data. The data were interpreted according to an adaptation of Bardin's Thematic Content Analysis. Results The main meaning of diabetes was the need for changing eating habits. Nutritional care based on the Traditional Method or the Carbohydrate Counting Method was understood as an opportunity for dietary re-education. Weight loss was considered desirable by some participants, albeit against the advice of nutritionists. Pregnant women adopted the standard meal plan, rarely used the food substitution list, and reported occasional dietary transgressions, self-allowed in small portions. Foods containing sucrose were perceived as less harmful to health than added sugars. Conclusion Each pregnant woman experienced prenatal nutritional care in diabetes not as a dietary method, but as part of her lifestyle.


RESUMO Objetivo Retratar a dimensão simbólica do cuidado nutricional pré-natal em diabetes. Métodos Participaram 17 puérperas adultas com diagnóstico de diabetes prévio ou gestacional. A observação participante e entrevistas semiestruturadas foram aplicadas para construção dos dados. A interpretação foi orientada por uma adaptação da Análise de Conteúdo Temática de Bardin. Resultados A necessidade de mudanças no comer foi o principal significado do diabetes. O cuidado nutricional baseado no Método Tradicional ou no Método da Contagem de Carboidratos foi compreendido como uma oportunidade de reeducação alimentar. O emagrecimento foi considerado por algumas como desejável, ainda que contrariasse o aconselhamento dos nutricionistas. As gestantes adotaram o plano alimentar padrão, utilizando pouco da lista de substituição de alimentos e referiram eventuais transgressões alimentares, autoconsentidas em pequenas porções. Alimentos contendo sacarose foram compreendidos como menos nocivos à saúde, quando comparados ao açúcar de adição. Conclusão Concluiu-se que cada gestante vivencia o cuidado nutricional pré-natal em diabetes não como um método dietético, mas como algo que integra a sua forma de viver.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Diabetes Mellitus , Prenatal Care , Qualitative Research , Prenatal Nutrition
6.
Cien Saude Colet ; 18(3): 789-802, 2013 Mar.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23546206

ABSTRACT

This study sought to evaluate the impact of nutritional assistance (intervention) on total gestational weight gain in adolescents and to understand the perceptions of adolescents regarding the intervention. It is a quantitative and qualitative survey using triangulation methods conducted in a public maternity hospital in Rio de Janeiro with 204 adolescents, divided into pre-intervention and intervention groups. The hypothesis of homogeneity of proportions was tested by bivariate and multivariate analysis using Poisson regression with robust variance. The qualitative approach was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 12 adolescents, whose data were submitted to content analysis. The results indicate that the intervention did not have a positive effect on the adequacy of total gestational weight gain. The adolescents perceived the dietary plan as a set of rules incompatible with their conditions as pregnant women. The category "almost every consultation was the same" emerged as a synthesis of the perceptions on the intervention. It was concluded that there is a need to reassess the technical and scientific marker tools of nutritional assistance and turn it into care focused around making shared decisions.


Subject(s)
Prenatal Care , Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Weight Gain , Adolescent , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Female , Humans , Pregnancy
7.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 18(3): 780-802, Mar. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-669705

ABSTRACT

Neste estudo procurou-se avaliar o impacto da assistência nutricional (intervenção) sobre o ganho de peso gestacional total de adolescentes e compreender a percepção destas sobre a intervenção. Trata-se de uma investigação quantiqualitativa com triangulação de métodos, realizada em uma maternidade pública do Rio de Janeiro com 204 adolescentes, subdivididas nos grupos pré-intervenção e intervenção. A hipótese de homogeneidade de proporções foi testada por análises bi e multivariada, por meio de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. Na abordagem qualitativa realizou-se entrevista semiestruturada com 12 adolescentes, cujos dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam que a intervenção não exerceu efeito positivo na adequação do ganho de peso gestacional total. As adolescentes perceberam o plano alimentar como um conjunto de regras incompatíveis com suas condições de grávidas. A categoria "quase toda consulta era a mesma coisa" surgiu como síntese da percepção sobre a intervenção. Concluiu-se que há necessidade de reavaliar o instrumental tecnocientífico balizador da assistência nutricional e transformá-la em cuidado centrado na tomada de decisões compartilhadas.


This study sought to evaluate the impact of nutritional assistance (intervention) on total gestational weight gain in adolescents and to understand the perceptions of adolescents regarding the intervention. It is a quantitative and qualitative survey using triangulation methods conducted in a public maternity hospital in Rio de Janeiro with 204 adolescents, divided into pre-intervention and intervention groups. The hypothesis of homogeneity of proportions was tested by bivariate and multivariate analysis using Poisson regression with robust variance. The qualitative approach was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 12 adolescents, whose data were submitted to content analysis. The results indicate that the intervention did not have a positive effect on the adequacy of total gestational weight gain. The adolescents perceived the dietary plan as a set of rules incompatible with their conditions as pregnant women. The category "almost every consultation was the same" emerged as a synthesis of the perceptions on the intervention. It was concluded that there is a need to reassess the technical and scientific marker tools of nutritional assistance and turn it into care focused around making shared decisions.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Prenatal Care , Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Weight Gain , Evaluation Studies as Topic
10.
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa) ; 19(4): 317-321, sept. 2012. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-702204

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Descrever a pica em gestantes adolescentes e o efeito desse comportamento no resultado perinatal. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal com 227 gestantes/puérperas adolescentes e seus recém-nascidos, realizado no período de 2007 a 2010. Os dados foram coletados por consulta aos prontuários e por entrevista padronizada para identificação do comportamento de pica. Resultados: A pica foi referida por 19.8% das adolescentes. Comparando-se as gestantes com e sem o comportamento de pica constatou-se, respectivamente, que a média do ganho de peso no terceiro trimestre (4.87 kg e 6.10 kg; p = 0.019), o ganho de peso no segundo e terceiro trimestres (10.07 kg e 11.58 kg; p = 0.039) e o ganho de peso semanal no terceiro trimestre (0.42 kg e 0.53 kg; p = 0.010) foram significativamente menores na presença desse comportamento. A pica foi mais prevalente nas adolescentes com menor idade (p = 0.000) e condições de saneamento inadequado na moradia (p = 0.007). A pica não associou-se à: adequação do ganho de peso gestacional, intercorrências gestacionais, anemia, peso e idade gestacional ao parto e intercorrências dos recém-natos. Conclusão: O comportamento de pica deve ser investigado no pré-natal e reconhecido como fator de risco para menor ganho de peso gestacional entre as gestantes adolescentes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Female , Pregnancy , Pregnancy in Adolescence , Feeding and Eating Disorders , Prenatal Nutrition , Pica/complications , Pica/diagnosis
11.
Cien Saude Colet ; 17(3): 775-86, 2012 Mar.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22450420

ABSTRACT

This study presents an analysis of relations between health professionals and pregnant adolescents in the installations of the prenatal care program of a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro. It involves qualitative research based on an interpretive approach, with comprehensiveness and humanization of care in relationship dimensions as a theoretical benchmark. Based on two predefined themes - the interaction between subjects and educational dimension of health practices - 22 individual and group care sessions were observed, with the participation of 31 pregnant adolescents, 5 professionals and 2 nutrition interns. The interpretation of the data using content analysis created five categories. The results show the negative effect of the predominance of the biomedical dimension in the perception of health professionals about psychosocial and cultural aspects of teenage pregnancy. There was a failure to utilize the care session as a privileged space for the construction of collective and individual significance about pregnancy and teenage motherhood, albeit in the context studied there are professionals who are aware of the need for a broader view regarding the needs of pregnant adolescent.


Subject(s)
Pregnancy in Adolescence , Professional-Patient Relations , Adolescent , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated , Female , Humanism , Humans , Pregnancy , Prenatal Care , Young Adult
12.
Rev Bras Epidemiol ; 15(1): 143-54, 2012 Mar.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22450500

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To identify the association between pre-gestational nutritional status, maternal weight gain, and prenatal care with low birth weight (LBW) and prematurity outcomes in infants of adolescent mothers. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 542 pairs of adolescent mothers and their children attending a public maternity hospital in Rio de Janeiro. Data were collected from medical records. To determine the association between independent variables and the outcomes studied, odds ratio (OR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated RESULTS: With respect to pre-pregnancy nutritional status of adolescents, 87% had normal weight, 1% were underweight, 10% were overweight, and 2% obese. Inadequate total gestational weight gain (72%) exceeded adequacy (28%). Birth weight was favored with greater gestational weight gain, and reduced with late onset of prenatal care. The comparison between the low birth weight and normal birth weight groups revealed significant differences between variable means: interval between the past pregnancy and current pregnancy (p = 0.022), pre-gestational weight (p = 0.018); pre-gestational body mass index (p < 0.001), and total gestational weight gain (p = 0.047). The odds of LBW (OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.45 to 5.06) and prematurity (OR 5.82, 95% CI 3.10 to 10.92) fell when the adolescent received six or more prenatal visits. CONCLUSION: Birth weight was associated with inter-gestational interval, pre-pregnancy weight and body mass index before pregnancy. The minimum frequency of six prenatal care visits was a protective factor against LBW and prematurity.


Subject(s)
Infant, Low Birth Weight , Infant, Premature , Nutritional Status , Pregnancy Outcome , Prenatal Care , Weight Gain , Adolescent , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Young Adult
13.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 15(1): 143-154, mar. 2012. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-618273

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Identificar associação entre estado nutricional pré-gestacional, ganho ponderal materno e condições do pré-natal com os desfechos prematuridade e baixo peso ao nascer (BPN) em filhos de mães adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 542 pares de puérperas adolescentes e conceptos atendidos em uma maternidade pública do município do Rio de Janeiro (RJ). Os dados foram coletados em prontuários. Para verificar a associação entre as variáveis independentes e os desfechos estudados, foram estimados a odds ratio (OR) e o intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95 por cento. RESULTADOS: Quanto ao estado nutricional pré-gestacional das adolescentes, 87 por cento apresentavam eutrofia, 1 por cento baixo peso, 10 por cento sobrepeso e 2 por cento obesidade. A inadequação do ganho de peso gestacional total (72 por cento) superou a adequação (28 por cento). O peso ao nascer foi favorecido com maior ganho de peso gestacional e reduzido com início tardio do pré-natal (PN). A comparação entre os grupos de conceptos com baixo peso e com peso adequado ao nascer revelou diferenças significativas entre as médias das variáveis: intervalo entre a última gestação e a atual (p = 0,022); peso pré-gestacional (p = 0,018); índice de massa corporal pré-gestacional (p < 0,001) e ganho de peso gestacional total (p = 0,047). As chances de BPN (OR 2,70; IC 95 por cento 1,45 - 5,06) e de prematuridade (OR 5,82; IC 95 por cento 3,10 - 10,92) reduziram quando a adolescente recebeu 6 ou mais consultas de PN. CONCLUSÃO: O peso ao nascer foi relacionado ao intervalo intergestacional, ao peso pré-gestacional e ao índice de massa corporal pré-gestacional. A frequência mínima de 6 consultas de assistência pré-natal constituiu-se em fator de proteção contra o BPN e a prematuridade.


OBJECTIVE: To identify the association between pre-gestational nutritional status, maternal weight gain, and prenatal care with low birth weight (LBW) and prematurity outcomes in infants of adolescent mothers. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 542 pairs of adolescent mothers and their children attending a public maternity hospital in Rio de Janeiro. Data were collected from medical records. To determine the association between independent variables and the outcomes studied, odds ratio (OR) and a 95 percent confidence interval (CI) were estimated RESULTS: With respect to pre-pregnancy nutritional status of adolescents, 87 percent had normal weight, 1 percent were underweight, 10 percent were overweight, and 2 percent obese. Inadequate total gestational weight gain (72 percent) exceeded adequacy (28 percent). Birth weight was favored with greater gestational weight gain, and reduced with late onset of prenatal care. The comparison between the low birth weight and normal birth weight groups revealed significant differences between variable means: interval between the past pregnancy and current pregnancy (p = 0.022), pre-gestational weight (p = 0.018); pre-gestational body mass index (p < 0.001), and total gestational weight gain (p = 0.047). The odds of LBW (OR 2.70, 95 percent CI 1.45 to 5.06) and prematurity (OR 5.82, 95 percent CI 3.10 to 10.92) fell when the adolescent received six or more prenatal visits. CONCLUSION: Birth weight was associated with inter-gestational interval, pre-pregnancy weight and body mass index before pregnancy. The minimum frequency of six prenatal care visits was a protective factor against LBW and prematurity.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Infant, Premature , Nutritional Status , Pregnancy Outcome , Prenatal Care , Weight Gain , Cross-Sectional Studies
14.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 17(3): 775-786, mar. 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-618140

ABSTRACT

Este estudo apresenta uma análise sobre as relações entre profissionais de saúde e adolescentes gestantes nos espaços do programa de pré-natal de uma maternidade pública do município do Rio de Janeiro. Trata-se de investigação de cunho qualitativo apoiada na vertente interpretativa, tendo como referencial teórico a integralidade e a humanização do cuidado em suas dimensões relacionais. Com base em duas temáticas previamente definidas - interação entre os sujeitos e dimensão educativa das práticas em saúde - foram observados 22 atendimentos individuais e em grupo, com a participação de 31 adolescentes gestantes, 5 profissionais de saúde e 2 estagiárias de nutrição. A interpretação dos dados, orientada pela análise de conteúdo fez emergir cinco categorias. Os resultados apontam a interferência negativa da predominância da dimensão biomédica na percepção dos profissionais de saúde sobre os aspectos psicossocioculturais da gestação na adolescência. Foi observado o não aproveitamento da consulta como espaço privilegiado de construção de significados coletivos e individuais sobre a gestação e a maternidade na adolescência, mas há no contexto estudado profissionais sensibilizados para uma ampliação da visão sobre as necessidades da adolescente gestante.


This study presents an analysis of relations between health professionals and pregnant adolescents in the installations of the prenatal care program of a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro. It involves qualitative research based on an interpretive approach, with comprehensiveness and humanization of care in relationship dimensions as a theoretical benchmark. Based on two predefined themes - the interaction between subjects and educational dimension of health practices - 22 individual and group care sessions were observed, with the participation of 31 pregnant adolescents, 5 professionals and 2 nutrition interns. The interpretation of the data using content analysis created five categories. The results show the negative effect of the predominance of the biomedical dimension in the perception of health professionals about psychosocial and cultural aspects of teenage pregnancy. There was a failure to utilize the care session as a privileged space for the construction of collective and individual significance about pregnancy and teenage motherhood, albeit in the context studied there are professionals who are aware of the need for a broader view regarding the needs of pregnant adolescent.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Pregnancy in Adolescence , Professional-Patient Relations , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated , Humanism , Prenatal Care
15.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 16(12): 4855-4864, dez. 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-606611

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a assistência pré-natal em uma maternidade pública segundo a perspectiva de puérperas e profissionais de saúde. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, no qual participaram 19 puérperas e 6 profissionais de saúde. Foram aplicadas as técnicas da entrevista semiestruturada com as puérperas e de grupo focal com os profissionais. A análise do discurso dos participantes teve como referencial metodológico a Hermenêutica de Profundidade. Os principais resultados evidenciaram o enaltecimento do profissional de saúde por parte das usuárias. Segundo os profissionais, as gestantes apresentavam um conhecimento "errado" sobre saúde durante a gravidez. Sobre o atendimento na Nutrição, as puérperas destacaram a possibilidade de diálogo, e o apoio e o incentivo recebidos durante as consultas. Concluindo, a educação em saúde no pré-natal deve levar em consideração que cada mulher é um sujeito único e que carrega consigo sua própria cultura. A formação do vínculo torna-se crucial para o maior envolvimento da gestante nas questões relacionadas à sua saúde.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the prenatal assistance in a public maternity hospital in the point of view of puerperas and health care professionals. Nineteen puerperas and six health professionals took part in the study. The puerperas answered a semi-structured interview and the health professionals took part in a focus group. The discourse analysis was based on in-depth hermeneutics. The main results pointed out that users showed a deep appreciation for the health professionals. Concerning the professional's view, pregnant women had a wrong knowledge of health during pregnancy. As regards the nutrition appointments, puerperas pointed out they had room for dialogue, support and encouragement. In conclusion, prenatal health education should consider that each woman is a unique individual with her own background. Bonding is of paramount importance for pregnant women to get involved with health-related issues.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Prenatal Care/standards , Health Personnel , Personal Satisfaction , Postpartum Period
16.
Cien Saude Colet ; 16(12): 4855-64, 2011 Dec.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22124925

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prenatal assistance in a public maternity hospital in the point of view of puerperas and health care professionals. Nineteen puerperas and six health professionals took part in the study. The puerperas answered a semi-structured interview and the health professionals took part in a focus group. The discourse analysis was based on in-depth hermeneutics. The main results pointed out that users showed a deep appreciation for the health professionals. Concerning the professional's view, pregnant women had a wrong knowledge of health during pregnancy. As regards the nutrition appointments, puerperas pointed out they had room for dialogue, support and encouragement. In conclusion, prenatal health education should consider that each woman is a unique individual with her own background. Bonding is of paramount importance for pregnant women to get involved with health-related issues.


Subject(s)
Prenatal Care/standards , Adult , Female , Health Personnel , Humans , Personal Satisfaction , Postpartum Period , Pregnancy , Young Adult
17.
Cien Saude Colet ; 15 Suppl 2: 3199-206, 2010 Oct.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21049161

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to analyze the self-reported eating practices of pregnant and postpartum women living in a group of slum communities in the city of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. The interpretative methodology used a semi-structured interview and thematic content analysis. The sample (n=26) consisted of 18 pregnant and 8 postpartum women, of whom 7 were adolescents and 19 adults, including both primiparous and multiparous subjects. According to these women, eating while watching television, eating out, and eating with relatives and friends on weekends were forms of associating leisure-time activities with food, thus increasing their pleasure in eating. Income was identified as the principal obstacle to consuming healthier foods, which were reserved for their children as a priority. Thus, milk, vegetables, greens, and fruit were rarely consumed. Their diet consisted mainly of rice, beans and chicken. There was a clear preference for "junk food". The women were limited to a monotonous diet. It is important to understand and value socio-cultural and economic issues that influence eating practices in order for food and nutritional orientation aimed at healthy eating to be negotiated and adjusted to pregnant women's objective and subjective needs.


Subject(s)
Feeding Behavior , Postpartum Period , Poverty , Brazil , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Urban Health
18.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 15(supl.2): 3199-3206, out. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-562863

ABSTRACT

O estudo teve como objetivo analisar as práticas alimentares durante a gestação relatadas por mulheres grávidas e puérperas, moradoras em um complexo de favelas do município do Rio de Janeiro. Optou-se por uma pesquisa de base interpretativa, na qual se utilizou entrevista semiestruturada e análise de conteúdo em sua vertente temática. Foram incluídas 18 gestantes e oito puérperas (n=26), sendo sete adolescentes e 19 adultas; primíparas e multíparas. Para as mulheres, comer e assistir à televisão, comer fora de casa e comer com parentes e amigos no fim de semana eram formas de associar lazer à comida, aumentando o prazer por ela. A renda foi apontada como a principal barreira para o consumo de alimentos saudáveis, que era prioridade das crianças. Por esses motivos, leite, verduras, legumes e frutas eram pouco consumidos. A dieta era composta basicamente por arroz, feijão e frango. Houve preferência por "besteiras". As mulheres estavam submetidas a uma alimentação monótona. Ressalta-se a importância da compreensão e valorização das questões socioculturais e econômicas que influenciam as práticas alimentares, a fim de que a orientação alimentar e nutricional, visando à alimentação saudável, possa ser negociada e ajustada às necessidades e à subjetividade das mulheres grávidas.


This study aimed to analyze the self-reported eating practices of pregnant and postpartum women living in a group of slum communities in the city of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. The interpretative methodology used a semi-structured interview and thematic content analysis. The sample (n=26) consisted of 18 pregnant and 8 postpartum women, of whom 7 were adolescents and 19 adults, including both primiparous and multiparous subjects. According to these women, eating while watching television, eating out, and eating with relatives and friends on weekends were forms of associating leisure-time activities with food, thus increasing their pleasure in eating. Income was identified as the principal obstacle to consuming healthier foods, which were reserved for their children as a priority. Thus, milk, vegetables, greens, and fruit were rarely consumed. Their diet consisted mainly of rice, beans and chicken. There was a clear preference for "junk food". The women were limited to a monotonous diet. It is important to understand and value socio-cultural and economic issues that influence eating practices in order for food and nutritional orientation aimed at healthy eating to be negotiated and adjusted to pregnant women's objective and subjective needs.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Feeding Behavior , Postpartum Period , Poverty , Brazil , Urban Health
19.
Cad Saude Publica ; 25(2): 291-302, 2009 Feb.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19219236

ABSTRACT

This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, community-based trial. For 16 weeks, children in the intervention group (n = 180) received iron-fortified rice, while children in the control group (n = 174) received rice with placebo. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin < 11.0g/dL. Student's t-test was used to compare mean variation in hemoglobin between the groups. Hemoglobin concentration improved in both groups, with a mean increase of 0.42g/ dL in the intervention group (11.28+/-1.23g/dL to 11.75+/-1.16g/dL, p < 0.001), and 0.49g/dL in controls (11.06+/-1.13g/dL to 11.51+/-1.16g/dL, p < 0.001). Anemia decreased (p < 0.01) in both groups (37.8% to 23.3% in the intervention group and 45.4% to 33.3% in controls), with no significant difference between the two. Hemoglobin increase was significantly higher in children that received total iron = 53.76mg from fortified rice, compared to those who received less than this cut-off value (0.94g/dl vs. 0.39g/dl, p = 0.03). The findings suggest that this type of intervention can be useful in anemia control as long as fortified food intake is adequate.


Subject(s)
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/therapy , Food, Fortified , Hemoglobins/analysis , Iron, Dietary/administration & dosage , Oryza , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/blood , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Child Day Care Centers , Child, Preschool , Double-Blind Method , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Prevalence , School Health Services , Socioeconomic Factors , Treatment Outcome
20.
Cad. saúde pública ; 25(2): 291-302, fev. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-505490

ABSTRACT

Trata-se de um ensaio clínico comunitário, duplo-cego, controlado por placebo. Durante 16 semanas, as crianças do grupo intervenção (GI, n = 180) receberam arroz fortificado com ferro, e as do grupo controle (GC, n = 174) receberam arroz com placebo. Considerou-se presença de anemia quando hemoglobina < 11,0g/dL. A comparação da variação média na hemoglobina intergrupos, ajustada por idade e uso de outros suplementos de ferro, foi feita pelo teste t de Student. A concentração de hemoglobina aumentou em ambos os grupos, com incremento médio de 0,42g/dL no GI (11,28±1,23g/dL para 11,75±1,16g/dL; p < 0,001) e de 0,49g/dL no GC (11,06±1,13g/dL para 11,51±1,16g/dL; p < 0,001). A freqüência de anemia reduziu (p < 0,01) em ambos os grupos (37,8 por cento para 23,3 por cento em GI e 45,4 por cento para 33,3 por cento em GC), sem diferença entre os mesmos. As crianças que receberam quantidade total de ferro > 53,76mg pelo arroz fortificado tiveram maior aumento na hemoglobina do que aquelas que receberam quantidades inferiores (0,94g/dL vs. 0,39g/dL; p = 0,03). Sugere-se que esse tipo de intervenção pode ser útil no controle da anemia quando o consumo do alimento fortificado é adequado.


This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, community-based trial. For 16 weeks, children in the intervention group (n = 180) received iron-fortified rice, while children in the control group (n = 174) received rice with placebo. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin < 11.0g/dL. Student's t-test was used to compare mean variation in hemoglobin between the groups. Hemoglobin concentration improved in both groups, with a mean increase of 0.42g/ dL in the intervention group (11.28±1.23g/dL to 11.75±1.16g/dL, p < 0.001), and 0.49g/dL in controls (11.06±1.13g/dL to 11.51±1.16g/dL, p < 0.001). Anemia decreased (p < 0.01) in both groups (37.8 percent to 23.3 percent in the intervention group and 45.4 percent to 33.3 percent in controls), with no significant difference between the two. Hemoglobin increase was significantly higher in children that received total iron = 53.76mg from fortified rice, compared to those who received less than this cut-off value (0.94g/dl vs. 0.39g/dl, p = 0.03). The findings suggest that this type of intervention can be useful in anemia control as long as fortified food intake is adequate.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/therapy , Food, Fortified , Hemoglobins/analysis , Iron, Dietary/administration & dosage , Oryza , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/blood , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Child Day Care Centers , Double-Blind Method , Prevalence , School Health Services , Socioeconomic Factors , Treatment Outcome
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