ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in broad spectrum histological subtypes of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to determine the relationship of EBV with clinicopathological parameters of OSCC. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 150 clinically diagnosed OSCC cases from the outpatient of Ziauddin University Hospital from March, 2017 to October, 2018. These were confirmed on histological examination and categorized into conventional squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and rare variants. Conventional SCC was subcategorized into keratinizing (KSCC), non-keratinizing (NKSCC), and hybrid SCC (HSCC). EBV status was compared among various histological tumor entities and clinicopathological characteristics of OSCC using immunohistochemistry. Chi-square test was used to determine the association of each histological subtype with EBV status with P-value <0.05 considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: Conventional tumor was the most frequent squamous cell carcinoma (n=126; 84%). A significant statistical link of EBV infection was observed with rare histological tumors exhibiting acantholysis (P=0.01), as well as tumors involving buccal mucosa (P=0.03), and habitual smokers (P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, acantholytic tumor, a rare histological subtype of OSCC, tended to be EBV related. Moreover, OSCC cases bearing EBV infection were more likely smokers favoring buccal mucosa as primary anatomical site for oral cancer.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Xenotropic murine leukemia virus related virus (XMRV), is the first gammaretrovirus identified a decade ago, in human tissue bearing adenocarcinoma of prostate, followed by several researches documenting little or no prevalence of XMRV in prostate cancer samples. However, the status of XMRV within subtype of prostate adenocarcinoma has not been investigated yet. In this study, we investigated the relationship between XMRV and broad spectrum morphological entities of prostate adenocarcinoma, including acinar, ductal and other rare subtypes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The prevalence of XMRV DNA in different histological subtypes of prostate adenocarcinoma was examined after characterizing the tumors into groups, using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples from newly diagnosed prostate adenocarcinomas and archival prostate cancer tissue from our XMRV case control analysis. Broad-spectrum XMRV DNA amplification was performed by end-point polymerase chain reaction, using commercially available primer set. RESULTS: The study included 100 patients with prostate cancer. XMRV DNA was detected in 4 of 8 (50%) ductal adenocarcinomas, exhibiting papillary and cribriform histological features. XMRV DNA was not detected in any other variant of adenocarcinoma including acinar (0/91) and mucinous carcinomas (0/1). Majority of XMRV positive cases were biologically aggressive and present cancer at an early age upon diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Ductal adenocarcinomas demonstrate a significant association of XMRV DNA while other histological variants of prostate adenocarcinoma seem unrelated to XMRV infection.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the association of Xenotropic murine leukemia virus related virus (XMRV) infection with prostate cancer and compare it with benign prostate hyperplasia. STUDY DESIGN: Case control study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Department of Histopathology and Molecular Pathology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, from January 2009 to December 2012. METHODOLOGY: XMRV was screened in 50 prostate cancer and 50 benign prostatic hyperplasia biopsies using conventional end-point PCR. Other studied variables were family history of prostate cancer, patients age and Gleason score. RESULTS: XMRV was detected in 4 (8%) of the 50 prostate cancer biopsy specimens compared to none in biopsies with benign prostatic hyperplasia. However, there was no significant statistical association of XMRV infection with the other variables. CONCLUSION: A low frequency of XMRV infection was found in this case-control study. Men, who harbor XMRV infection, may be at increased risk of prostate cancer but this needs to be investigated further at a larger scale.
