Subject(s)
Burns/microbiology , Pseudomonas Infections/diagnosis , Pseudomonas mendocina/isolation & purification , beta-Lactamases/genetics , Adult , Burns/surgery , Colistin/therapeutic use , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Multiple Organ Failure/etiology , Pseudomonas Infections/drug therapy , Pseudomonas mendocina/genetics , Skin Transplantation , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms explaining the multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype found in a novel clinical Shewanella sp. strain (Shew256) recovered from a diabetic patient. Whole-genome shotgun sequencing was performed using Illumina MiSeq-I and Nextera XT DNA library. De novo assembly was performed with SPAdes. RAST Server was used to predict the open-reading frames and the predictions were confirmed using BLAST. Further genomic analysis was carried out using average nucleotide identity (ANI), ACT (Artemis), OrthoMCL, ARG-ANNOT, ISfinder, PHAST, tRNAscan-SE, plasmidSPAdes, PlasmidFinder and MAUVE. PCR and plasmid extraction were also performed. Genomic analysis revealed a total of 456 predicted genes unique to Shew256 compared with other Shewanella genomes. Moreover, the presence of different resistance genes, including blaPER-2, was found. A complex class 1 integron containing the ISCR1 gene, disrupted by two putative transposase genes, was identified. Furthermore, other resistance genes, a transposon containing aph(3'), insertion sequences, phages and non-coding RNAs were also found. In conclusion, evidence of acquisition of resistance genes and mobile elements that could explain the MDR phenotype were observed. This Shewanella sp. represents a prime example of how antibiotic resistance determinants can be acquired by uncommon pathogens.
Subject(s)
DNA Transposable Elements/genetics , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/genetics , Genes, Bacterial/genetics , Shewanella/enzymology , Shewanella/genetics , beta-Lactamases/genetics , Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Gene Transfer, Horizontal , Genome, Bacterial , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Humans , Integrons , Male , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Open Reading Frames , Phylogeny , Plasmids/genetics , R Factors/genetics , RNA, Untranslated , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Shewanella/drug effects , Shewanella/isolation & purification , Whole Genome SequencingABSTRACT
A taxonomically unique bacterial strain, Acinetobacter sp. A47, has been recovered from several soft tissue samples from a patient undergoing reconstructive surgery owing to a traumatic amputation. The results of 16S rRNA, rpoB, and gyrB gene comparative sequence analyses showed that A47 does not belong to any of the hitherto-known taxa and may represent an as-yet-unknown Acinetobacter species. The recognition of this novel organism contributes to our knowledge of the taxonomic complexity underlying infections caused by Acinetobacter.
Subject(s)
Acinetobacter Infections , Acinetobacter/genetics , Soft Tissue Injuries , Acinetobacter/classification , Acinetobacter/physiology , Acinetobacter Infections/diagnosis , Acinetobacter Infections/microbiology , DNA, Bacterial/analysis , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Female , Genes, Bacterial/genetics , Humans , Middle Aged , Molecular Sequence Data , Phenotype , Soft Tissue Injuries/diagnosis , Soft Tissue Injuries/microbiologyABSTRACT
Acinetobacter baumannii pigmented strains are not common in clinical settings. Here, we report an outbreak caused by indigo-pigmented A. baumannii strains isolated in an acute care hospital in Argentina from March to September 2012. Pan-PCR assays exposed a unique pattern belonging to the recently described regional CC113(B)/CC79(P) clonal complex that confirms the relevant relationships among the indigo-pigmented A. baumannii strains. All of them were extensively drug resistant and harbored different genetic elements associated with horizontal genetic transfer, such as the transposon Tn2006, class 2 integrons, AbaR-type islands, IS125, IS26, strA, strB, florR, and the small recombinase ISCR2 associated with the sul2 gene preceded by ISAba1.
Subject(s)
Acinetobacter Infections/epidemiology , Acinetobacter Infections/microbiology , Acinetobacter baumannii/drug effects , Acinetobacter baumannii/metabolism , Disease Outbreaks , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Pigments, Biological/metabolism , Acinetobacter baumannii/isolation & purification , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Animals , Argentina , Cluster Analysis , DNA, Bacterial/chemistry , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Female , Genotype , Humans , Interspersed Repetitive Sequences , Male , Middle Aged , Molecular Sequence Data , Molecular Typing , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
Herein, we report four cases of Comamonas kerstersii intra-abdominal infections representing the first report of human infections caused by this Comamonas species. In addition, our work demonstrates the association of C. kerstersii with peritonitis secondary to appendix rupture.
