ABSTRACT
A cross-sectional study was conducted in a village in Menoufia Governorate, Egypt where the majority of people had individual trenches in the houses for sewage disposal with absence of public sewage system. Out of 2292 stool samples 47.8% had at least a single infection. Multiple infections occurred in 14.9%. Entamoeba histolytica was 20%, E. coli 10%, Giardia lamblia 10%, Ascaris lumbricoides 27.31%, Hymenolepis nana 2.96%, Schistosoma mansoni 2.45% and Ancylostoma duodenale 2.23%. Males were significantly infected with S. mansoni than females. Younger age groups were significantly infected by H. nana than older ones. Working in agriculture was significantly at risk with S. mansoni and A. duodenale infections. On multiple logistic regression analysis; the risk factor most strongly associated with infection was the presence of another infected family member.
Subject(s)
Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology , Rural Population , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Agricultural Workers' Diseases/epidemiology , Agricultural Workers' Diseases/parasitology , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Egypt/epidemiology , Feces/parasitology , Female , Humans , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Male , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Toilet Facilities/standards , Young AdultABSTRACT
Violence affects millions of women worldwide and it cuts across cultural and religious barriers, impeding the women's right to participate fully in the society. A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of domestic violence among ever married females presenting to out patient clinics in Ain Shams university hospitals and to identify factors affecting it. Out of a total number of 509 women, 89.8% had experienced one or more episodes of violent behavior by their husbands of which 56%, 88.4% and 47.9% suffered physical, control and threat violence. Both univariate and multivariate analysis was done. The most common form of violence among the study group was husband's shouting followed by being kept short of money. About 34.2% had been beaten by their husbands and 17.1% were forced to do sex. Using multiple logistic regression it was found that smoking husband and economic problems were independent significant factors associated with all forms of violence. Suffering violence was significantly associated with different forms of health complaints and only 9.1% had been asked by their doctors on domestic violence exposure. This proposes the importance of effective screening, diagnosis and management of domestic violence victims.
