[Interaction of active chlortriazine dyes with blood proteins]. / Vzaimodeistvie aktivnykh khlortriazinovykh krasitelei s belkami syvorotki krovi.

The study was undertaken to analyze the capacity of organic active chlorotriazine pigments to make contact with blood serum proteins. It was established that pigment toxicity was inversely correlated to the capacity of making contact with blood serum proteins (r = 99%) and directly correlated to the capacity of making contact with albumin (r = 96%).

[Studies of the dependence of alkoxycyanodiphenyl toxicity on structure with the aim of health-related group standardization]. / Izuchenie zavisimosti toksichnosti alkoksitsiandifenilov ot ikh struktury s tsel'iu gruppovogo gigienicheskogo normirovaniia.

The article presents results of toxicity and hazard effects studies of alcoxicyandiphenyl CnH2n+ 1OC12H8CN with n = 1-8, octilcyandiphenyl and octildiphenyl. Toxicity parameters were established in animal tests and on isolated mitochondria, and inhibiting concentrations were calculated. Correlation was established between the alcoxicyandiphenyl detainment in high-performance liquid chromatography and the inhibition rate constant. The allowable and hazard levels are also specified.

[Use of metabolic and pathogenetic criteria in group standardization of organically active chlortriazine dyes]. / Ob ispol'zovanii metabolicheskikh i patogeneticheskikh kriteriev dlia gruppovogo normirovaniia krasitelei organicheskikh aktivnykh khlortriazinovykh.

The article presents research data related to the biotransformation, intoxication mechanisms and pathogenic properties of chlortriazine dye-stuffs. All the dye-stuffs studies were characterized by similar intoxication properties and pathogenesis, and were related to the 3rd class of hazardous substances. The MAC for the organic chlortriazine dye-stuffs constituted 2 mg/m3.

[Experimental study of the effect of rifampicin on the embryogenesis of white rats]. / Eksperimental'noe izuchenie vliianiia rifampitsina na émbriogenez belykh krys.

The embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of rifampicin were studied on Wistar albino rats exposed to the antibiotic inhalations during the whole period of gravidity. It was found that in the concentrations used (6.1 +/- 0.4 and 0.81 +/- 0.08 mg/m3) the antibiotic did not induce any increase in the rate of the fetus intrauterine death or any pronounced anomaly in the fetus development. Still, at higher concentrations there was a decrease in the anthropometric characteristics of the fetus, higher incidence of hemoperitoneum and disorders in liver and renal functions of the 2-month-old progeny. The damaging effect of rifampicin on the fetus should be considered as mediated since it was observed in the presence of disorders in the mother's body (changes in liver and renal function, suppressed phagocytosis).

[Comparative toxicity of oxytetracycline and its semisynthetic derivatives, methacycline and doxycycline]. / Sravnitel'naia toksichnost' oksitetratsiklina i ego polusinteticheskikh proizvodnykh metatsiklina i doksitsiklina.

The acute toxicity parameters of oxytetracycline and its semisynthetic derivatives was determined on laboratory animals of various species. The three antibiotics were described as belonging to the group of low toxic compounds according to the classification adopted in industrial toxicology. However, the absolute values of LD50 indicated that doxycycline was 5.6 or 2.8 times more toxic than oxyteyracycline or methacycline respectively. In addition, doxycycline had the most pronounced hepatoxic effect.

[Experimental studies to set hygienic standards for benzylpenicillin in the air of a work area]. / Eksperimental'nye issledovaniia po gigienicheskomu normirovaniiu benzilpenitsillina v vozdukhe rabochei zony.

The character and level of benzylpenicillin toxic effect was studied in accordance with the methodic instruction for performance of the experiments on toxicological estimation and hygienic norms of antibiotics in the air of working areas in production premises. It was shown that the antibiotic was of low toxicity under conditions of a single exposure, did not cumulate and had no local irritating and resorbing effect. It was shown to be an allergen. Prolonged inhalation of benzylpenicillin in a concentration of 14 mg/m3 resulted in reversible changes in the function of the kidneys and liver of the animals, their sensitization and development of pronounced dysbacteriosis of the mouth and intestine mucosa. In a concentration of 1 mg/m3 benzylpenicillin had no general toxic and sensitizing effect but induced reversible changes in the normal autoflora. This allowed the authors to consider the above concentration to be maximum with respect to the antibacterial effect. On the basis of the experiments the maximum permissible norm (MPN) of the aerosol of benzylpenicillin disintegration was recommended at the level of 0.1 mg/m3.

[Methodological bases for the hygienic standardization of antibiotics]. / Metodicheskie osnovy gigienicheskogo normirovaniia antibiotikov.

For determination of the maximum permissible concentrations of antibiotics it is necessary to develop some specific approaches conditioned by the peculiarities of the biological effect of antibiotics in addition to the use of the general principles of the hygienic rationing of the factors of the production environment. It is advised to determine the thresholds of the specific antibacterial and allergen effect of antibiotics in the acute experiment in addition to the threshold of the general toxic effect.

[Experimental data on hygienic norms for antibiotics of the tetracycline group]. / Eksperimental'nye materialy k gigienicheskomu normirovaniiu antibiotikov tetratsiklinovoi gfuppy

Toxicity of tetracyclines was studied experimentally on different species of laboratory animals. It was shown that tetracycline, oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline were close by their chemical structure and physico-chemical properties, as well as by the main toxicity parameters, i.e. acute toxicity, cumulative activity, skin-irritating and sensitizing effect. Under the conditions of subacute experiments the above 3 antibiotics induced evenly pronounced one direction changes in animals. The data obtained during the experiments provided recommendation of the level of 0.1 mg/m3 as the maximum allowable concentration (MAC) of oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline, i.e. the same level as the previously recommended for tetracycline.

[Experimental study of the embryotropic action of tetracycline]. / Eksperimental'noe issledovanie émbriotropnogo deistviia tetratsiklina

The general toxic and embryotropic effect of tetracycline was studied on unbred pregnant albino rats. The antibiotic was used in concentrations of 1 and 0.1 mg/m3, the maximum permissible concentration (MPC). The animals were exposed to tetracycline inhalation for 20 days of their pregnancy. On the basis of the results it was concluded that tetracycline in the concentration at the level of the MPC, i.e. 0.1 mg/m3 had under the experimental conditions a negative effect on the pregnant animals. In concentrations of 1 and 0.1 mg/m3 it had in addition an embryotropic effect. It was also shown that the pregnant animals were more sensitive to the antibiotic than the non-pregnant ones.

[Toxicological characteristics of ampicillin]. / K toksikologicheskoi kharakteristike ampitsillina

Toxocity of ampicillin trihydrate was studied in acute and chronic experiments. It was shown that the antibiotic had low acute toxicity, did not cumulate and had no skin-irritating effect. On its inhalation in concentrations of 5 mg/m3 for 4 months, ampicillin induced allergization of albino rats, decreased their immunity. The general toxic effect of the drug was slightly pronounced. Ampicillin in a concentration of 0.1 mg/m3 induced tension of the immunological reactivity of the organism. The maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of ampicillin in the working premises equal to 0.1 mg/m3 is recommended. Mark "Allergen" is necessary.