ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Lipomas are frequent benign soft tissue tumors. They are classified as superficial or deep. In the head, they are localized under the galea or epicraneal aponeurosis. Clinically they present as non symptomatic smooth tumors. AIM: To describe ultrasound (US) findings of subgaleal lipomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective review of seven patients aged between 31 and 52 years (five males) with subgaleal lipomas. RESULTS: AH lipomas were localized in the forehead. At US, they appeared as solid masses; 43% were isoechoic and 47% hyperechoic compared to subcutaneous tissue. The average size was 13 mm. They had a semi spherical shape, with a flat base and a convex surface, a regular margin, no vascular vessels at Doppler ultrasound and were surrounded by the galea. DISCUSSION: In this series of patients, all masses had a similar US appearance that suggested the diagnosis of lipoma.
Subject(s)
Facial Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Lipoma/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Forehead/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Background: Lipomas are frequent benign soft tissue tumors. They are classified as superficial or deep. In the head, they are localized under the galea or epicraneal aponeurosis. Clinically they present as non symptomatic smooth tumors. Aim: To describe ultrasound (US) findings of subgaleal lipomas. Material and methods: Retrospective review of seven patients aged between 31 and 52 years (five males) with subgaleal lipomas. Results: AH lipomas were localized in the forehead. At US, they appeared as solid masses; 43 percent were isoechoic and 47 percent hyperechoic compared to subcutaneous tissue. The average size was 13 mm. They had a semi spherical shape, with a flat base and a convex surface, a regular margin, no vascular vessels at Doppler ultrasound and were surrounded by the galea. Discussion: In this series of patients, all masses had a similar US appearance that suggested the diagnosis of lipoma.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Facial Neoplasms , Lipoma , Diagnosis, Differential , Forehead , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Pilomatrixoma is a benign tumor of the skin, preferentially found in children. The final diagnosis is made by biopsy. High resolution ultrasound (US) is a non invasive method for its diagnosis. AIM: To describe the US findings in children with pilomatrixoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty five patients with 62 clinically suspected pilomatrixomas were studied by US. All examinations were done with an ATL HDI 5000, linear 5-12 MHz transducer. Pathological study confirmed the diagnosis pilomatrixoma in 52 cases. RESULTS: Fifty of 52 pilomatrixomas were diagnosed by US, with a sensitivity of 96%. The mean age of patients was 7.5 years. Forty seven lesions (90%) were located in the head, neck or upper extremities and their mean size was 8.5 mm. Thirty two lesions were hypodermal, 14 were dermohypodermal and 6 were dermal. In 44 lesions the contour was regular and non delineated, 44 lesions were oval, 41 lesions had an acoustic shadow, 36 were echogenic or hyperechogenic, 31 had a peripheral halo (60%), 55 had calcifications (98%), nine had perilesional vessels, 2 had intratumoral vessels and 7 had inflammatory changes. US excluded the diagnosis of pilomatrixoma in 10 lesions formulating a correct differential diagnosis in eight, with a specificity of 80%. CONCLUSIONS: Pilomatrixomas had two US types of presentation. The first is a well defined nodule with peripheral halo partially calcified or with microcalcifications. The second is a completely calcified nodule without peripheral halo and with a strong acoustic shadow. US is a useful, sensitive and specific diagnostic method for pilomatrixoma.
Subject(s)
Pilomatrixoma/diagnostic imaging , Skin Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Pilomatrixoma/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Ultrasonography, Doppler, ColorABSTRACT
La polimastia (mama supernumeraria) y la politelia (pezones múltiples) son anomalías congénitas, localizadas a lo largo de las líneas mamarias embrionarias entre las axilas y los pliegues inguinales. Su frecuencia se estima en aproximadamente 2 por ciento de las mujeres. La politelia se diagnostica al nacimiento y frecuentemente se asocia con anomalías congénitas del tracto urogenital. La polimastia se manifiesta sólo bajo la influencia de las hormonas femeninas durante la pubertad o la lactancia. El tejido mamario ectópico sufre las mismas modificaciones patológicas que aparecen en mamas normalmente implantadas, incluyendo alteraciones benignas y malignas
