ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of chemical ciliary body ablation (CBA) in dogs with chronic glaucoma and concurrent anterior lens luxation and to investigate adverse ocular effects of this procedure. PROCEDURES: Retrospective review of 17 dogs (18 eyes) with chronic glaucoma and concurrent anterior lens luxation treated with intravitreal gentamicin with or without dexamethasone sodium phosphate or triamcinolone acetonide. Data collected included signalment, concurrent ocular disease, topical medications prescribed, follow-up duration, and intraocular pressure (IOP) pretreatment, posttreatment, and at the last follow-up visit. Success was defined as an IOP <25 mmHg with no additional procedures or ocular hypotensive medications at the last examination to date. RESULTS: The success rate for CBA in dogs with chronic glaucoma and concurrent anterior lens luxation was 88.9% without the need of additional surgical or ocular hypotensive therapies. Glaucoma was suspected to be secondary to lens luxation in 72.2% of cases. The most common postoperative complications were phthisis bulbi (50.0%), keratoconjunctivitis sicca (27.8%), and uveitis (27.8%). Long-term management with topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, corticosteroids, and/or immunomodulators was needed in 70.6% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: CBA with intravitreal injection of gentamicin is effective at maintaining an IOP <25 mmHg in dogs with chronic glaucoma and concurrent anterior lens luxation. Management of postoperative sequelae commonly requires continued use of topical medications.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term outcome and efficacy of intravitreal injection of gentamicin and dexamethasone sodium phosphate (IVGD) or triamcinolone in end-stage glaucoma patients and determine pre-procedure prognostic indicators of success and post-operative complications. PROCEDURE: Medical records were reviewed for 108 dogs (108 eyes) treated with intravitreal gentamicin with or without dexamethasone sodium phosphate or triamcinolone for glaucoma between 2013 and 2018 with 3 months of minimum follow-up. Signalment and clinical findings, including type of glaucoma, pre-procedure intraocular pressure (IOP), chronicity, procedure protocol, and outcome were recorded. Success was defined as an intraocular pressure of ≤25 mm Hg at the time of last re-examination or no ocular hypotensive medications at 3 months or longer post-injection. RESULTS: The overall success rate for pharmacologic ablation was 95%. The success rate for dogs receiving no ocular hypotensive medications was 86%. Seventy-six eyes (70.4%) had primary glaucoma, and 32 eyes (29.6%) had secondary glaucoma. Age at the time of injection had no effect on initial success but did in final success (P =-.03) for dogs requiring repeat injections. Cocker Spaniels required the most repeat 2nd and 3rd injections (3/12 dogs) and (2/4 dogs), respectively. No preoperative variable significantly affected the success rate. The most common complications were phthisis bulbi (59.2%), corneal edema (25.9%), and ulcerative keratitis (22.3%). Uncontrolled IOP resulted in enucleation in two dogs (1.8%). CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacologic ablation has a high overall success rate in lowering IOP to ≤25 mm Hg short-term in blind, glaucomatous canine eyes. Type of glaucoma, pre-procedure IOP, chronicity, and protocol did not affect success.
