ABSTRACT
Conventional vascular surgery and balloon angioplasty have poor results in severe and diffuse atherosclerotic disease of the infrapopliteal arteries. High-speed rotational atherectomy (Auth Rotablator) has not succeeded either, because of poor long-term patency and the non-reflow phenomenon. We report a case of limb salvage with long occlusion of the three infrapopliteal vessels. The anterior tibial artery was treated with retrograde Auth Rotablator atherectomy by an open approach through the pedal artery, resulting in full patency of the anterior tibial artery and healing of the skin lesions. The microparticulate debris from the ablation was drained out through the pedal arteriotomy, avoiding the complications associated with conventional antegrade high-speed rotational atherectomy.
Subject(s)
Atherectomy , Atherosclerosis/therapy , Leg/blood supply , Limb Salvage , Aged , Angiography , Female , HumansABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Stenting of popliteal artery (PA) with self-expandable stents is a therapeutic option in selected patients with arterial disease. Fractures of these stents may occur, and they are thought to be related to development of hinge points (HPs) secondary to knee flexion. However, it remains obscure how movements of the knee affect the morphology of the PA and where HPs occur. OBJECTIVE: To describe the morphologic changes of the PA during knee flexion and their relationship with bone structures using dynamic angiography (DA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: All DA procedures performed in our institution between February 2000 and July 2003 were reviewed. Dynamic angiography consisted of a static phase (during which the knee was bent at 100 degrees) and a dynamic phase (during which the leg was passively extended to total extension following opacification of the PA). RESULTS: Sixty-three PAs in 57 patients with arterial disease were evaluated. In 62 PAs (98.2%), presence of an HP was identified and the pre-HP and post-HP segments also were defined. HPs were never observed at the level of the knee joint line. We developed a geometric model to establish a relationship of proximity between a bone structure and the HP. The HP was the main and most acute angled curve observed during knee flexion. Accessory flexions (AFs) were observed when the knee was bent in 46 PAs (73%). Presence of AFs was associated with high blood pressure (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: We identified HPs of the PA as the main curve observed during knee flexion as well as a large number of AFs. DA appears to be a useful diagnostic tool for obtaining the most accurate morphologic information about the PA during knee flexion.
Subject(s)
Knee Joint/physiopathology , Popliteal Artery/physiopathology , Vascular Diseases/physiopathology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Angiography , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Popliteal Artery/diagnostic imaging , Range of Motion, Articular , Retrospective Studies , Vascular Diseases/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
Ocho centros chilenos y 5 argentinos evaluaron eficacia, tolerabilidad y seguridad de Nifedipina Oros en 355 hipertensos esenciales durante 8 semanas de tratamiento, previo placebo. 67 por ciento pacientes respondieron a 30, y 33 por ciento a 60 mg/día. El descenso de presión arterial fue 23/15 ñ 0.6/0.3 (ES) mmHg (p < 0,0001). Las variaciones de presión fueron similares en decúbito y de pie,sin causar diferencias en frecuencia cardíaca en ambas posiciones. La relación trough: peak (28:6-8 h) varió entre 0,91-0,95 con dosis inicial o de mantención. Ochenta y cuatro por ciento de hipertensos leves y 93 por ciento de moderados respondieron con decrementos de 10 o más mmHg; 59 por ciento alcanzaron normotensión. No se observaron respuestas significativamente diferentes según edad y terciles de Na urinario nocturno al ingreso. No hubo modificación de parámetros de laboratorio. 29 por ciento de los pacientes presentaron efectos colaterales durante tratamiento activo; en 65 por ciento únicos, en 63 por ciento leves y bien tolerados. Los más frecuentes al final del tratamiento fueron cefaleas (4,7 por ciento) y edema (2,6 por ciento). Once pacientes fueron retirados por efectos que interferían la vida habitual y 4 abandonaron control. Concluimos que Nifedipina GITS posee alta eficacia, similar para distintos grupos etáreos e ingesta de sodio, un efecto mantenido a lo largo de las 24 horas y efectos colaterales mayoritariamente leves y bien tolerados