ABSTRACT
Uterine smooth muscle tumors of uncertain malignant potential, or STUMP, form a rare group of tumors that fall neither into the benign nor malignant categories. Two cases are reported, describing diagnosis, known prognostic factors, and therapy. In contrast to leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas, many uncertainties still exist concerning prognosis and postoperative management of STUMP, because of their rarity. Diagnosis is usually not made preoperatively, but by postoperative anatomo-pathological examination. There are histological and immunohistochemical factors that could be associated with a worse prognosis, but scientific evidence is insufficient. Most cases show a low risk of recurrence, although individual risk is unpredictable. Recurrences mostly occur after a long disease-free interval. A conservative approach with strict long-term clinical follow-up is therefore indicated. Further research must be conducted to identify surgical procedures that have a higher risk for recurrence. After a laparoscopy, where the specimen was morcellated, the possibility of peritoneal spread and the difficulty in examining section margins, need to be taken into account. Further treatment therefore needs to be individualized.
Subject(s)
Smooth Muscle Tumor/pathology , Uterine Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/therapy , Prognosis , Smooth Muscle Tumor/diagnosis , Smooth Muscle Tumor/therapy , Uterine Neoplasms/diagnosis , Uterine Neoplasms/therapyABSTRACT
We present a case of multiple vertebral metastases, with multiple fluid-fluid levels, from a moderately to poorly differentiated carcinoma of unknown origin. We suggest that fluid-fluid levels in multiple vertebral lesions are highly suggestive of bone metastases.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/pathology , Spinal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Aged , Biopsy , Carcinoma/secondary , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Lumbar Vertebrae/pathology , Sacrococcygeal Region/pathology , Spinal Neoplasms/secondary , Thoracic Vertebrae/pathologyABSTRACT
Acute cerebellitis is an inflammatory process involving the cerebellum. We report the clinical, CT and MRI features of four cases and a review of the literature. Bilateral diffuse hemispheric abnormalities represent the most common imaging presentations. Our observations demonstrate the various imaging appearances of acute cerebellitis. Simultaneous involvement of both hemispheres and the vermis has not been reported previously. The development of cerebellar atrophy following an initial normal MR imaging examination is also a new finding. In atypical clinical presentation, MR imaging can lead to the diagnosis. MR imaging findings have, however, no prognostic value.
Subject(s)
Cerebellar Ataxia/diagnosis , Cerebellar Diseases/diagnosis , Cerebellum/pathology , Encephalitis/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Acute Disease , Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Cerebellar Ataxia/drug therapy , Cerebellar Ataxia/etiology , Cerebellar Diseases/complications , Cerebellar Diseases/drug therapy , Child , Child, Preschool , Encephalitis/complications , Encephalitis/drug therapy , Female , Fever/etiology , Humans , Leukocyte Count , Prednisolone/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Intravascular lymphomatosis is a rare variant of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with an unusual predilection for the central nervous system. Most cases are not diagnosed until postmortem because of variable clinical presentation and non-specific laboratory findings. We studied a 41-year-old lady who presented with progressive neurological symptoms. MR showed multifocal grey and white matter lesions. Brain biopsy showed an intravascular lymphoma of the B-cell lineage. This report illustrates the ischaemic origin of the radiological lesions, as they are all hyperintense on the diffusion-weighted images. This has, to our knowledge, never been published before. MR did not show any enhancement after intravenous Gadolinium-DTPA (parenchymal or meningeal)which is a very uncommon finding in this entity. Intravascular lymphomatosis should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of repeated cerebral ischemia of unclear aetiology.
