[Effect of potassium leakage on reversible aggregation of human erythrocytes]. / Vliianie utechki kaliia na obratimuiu agregatsiiu éritrotsitov cheloveka.

Changes in the aggregation of human erythrocytes caused by polydextrane were studied under conditions influencing the rate of potassium leakage from cells to medium. It was shown that aggregation decreases as the leakage of potassium ions increases and is completely abolished at leakage rates higher than 2.5-3.0 mmol/l of erythrocytes per hour. The involvement of nonequilibrial electrokinetic phenomena in the inhibition of erythrocyte aggregation by ionic fluxes across erythrocyte surface is discussed. It is proposed that potassium leakage affects the erythrocyte sedimentation rate in clinical investigations.

[The effect of nonequibrilium states of membrane-area electrolyte during dilution of cell suspensions]. / Vliianie neravnovesnykh sostoianii primembrannogo sloia élektrolita na techenie razbavlennykh kletochnykh suspenzii.

The flow rate distribution in the diluted suspension of human red blood cells was measured across the long rectangular capillary. The calculated rate distribution of Pousaseil's flow was shown to be spoiled, if the substances influencing the red blood cell aggregation were added to the suspension. The Pousaseil's flow rate distribution takes place under the same conditions which support the sedimentation rate distribution predicted for the small particles without interaction. The sedimentation and flow anomalies are suggested to arise from the simultaneous lateral media flow along the cell surface and ion transfer across the cell membrane.

[Effect of alcian blue effect on erythrocyte aggregation]. / Agregatsiia éritrotsitov v prisutstvii altsianovogo golubogo.

Changes were found in the charged erythrocyte surface with higher quantities of the membrane-bound dye alcian blue (AB). There was a drastic rise of AB-dependent erythrocyte aggregation rate with the low ionic strength of a medium. It is concluded that the AB-dependent aggregation rate depends on the age of cells and the levels of cholesterol in erythrocyte membranes.

[The effect of cholesterol level in erythrocyte membranes on the sedimentation rate, electrophoretic motility, and the rate of potassium ferricyanide reduction]. / Vliianie soderzhaniia kholesterina v membranakh éritrotsitov na skorost' osedaniia, elektroforeticheskuiu podvizhnost' i skorost' vosstanovleniia ferritsianida kaliia.

It has been found that with an increase of the molar ratio cholesterol/phospholipids in human erythrocyte membranes in vitro their sedimentation rate in diluted suspensions increases and the reduction rate of potassium ferricyanide decreases, while the electrophoretic mobility of erythrocytes is not changed. The effect of cholesterols discussed in terms of the mechanism of transmembrane transfer of reduction equivalents and non-equilibrium in the double electric layer of erythrocytes surface.

[Erythrocyte sedimentation rate in diluted suspensions and their electrophoretic mobility in a vertical electrical field]. / Skorost' osedaniia éritrotsitov v razbavlennykh suspenziiakh i ikh élektroforeticheskaia podvizhnost' v vertikal'nom élektricheskom pol pole.

The sedimentation rates (SR) of human red blood cells (RBC) were measured in diluted suspensions using the thin plate chamber. If the suspension medium was phosphate buffer saline or 0,18 M NaCl the SR-dependence on the distance to the chambers wall corresponded to SR distribution of small particles without interaction. The more NaCl content was decreased down to 0.145 M, the more temperature-dependent variations of SR were noted, while SR distribution became distinct with the predicted one for the non-interacting particles. The use of SR distribution is discussed for testing the RBC interaction in diluted suspensions caused by sedimentation. The electrophoretic measurements carried out under vertical oriented electrical field showed the rate of RBC movement to be the linear function of the field gradient and to be not influenced under the SR modifying conditions.

[Cause of dehydroascorbic acid accumulation in the blood of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]. / O prichine nakopleniia degidroaskorbinovoi kisloty v krovi bol'nykh insulinzavisimym sakharnym diabetom.

It is known that dehydroascorbic acid (DHAA) produces a diabetogenic effect and its content in the blood increases in diabetes mellitus. It was previously established that the generation of reducing equivalents (RE) in the course of hexosemonophosphate shunt, CO2 production and SH-glutathione regeneration in erythrocytes with and without moderate and maximum oxidation load in vitro were not disturbed in diabetes. The authors have proposed a procedure to study blood and erythrocyte DHAA reductase activity in suspension in health and in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus by means of redoxstatometry using a device of original design. A significant acceleration of RE transfer through the erythrocyte membrane was detected in diabetes. A lowered participation in this process of the AA in equilibrium DHAA "shuttle" system was recorded in the blood of patients with diabetes mellitus what was mostly expressed under the conditions of acidosis in vitro. Probably "shuttle" function in diabetes was provided by some other redox system which might be located in the plasma. The predominant functioning of this redox system and a decrease of DHAA reductase activity in diabetes resulted in the accumulation of DHAA in the blood of patients with type I diabetes mellitus.

[Effect of insulin on respiration of rat mammary gland sections]. / Vliianie insulina na dykhanie srezov molochnoi zhelezy krysy.

Effect of insulin on the respiration of rat's mammary gland slices was investigated at rest and during lactation. It was shown by means of polarographic technique that the rate of oxygen consumption in the mammary gland slices at rest is twice as low as during lactation. Addition of insulin (1.3 milliunits per 1 ml of the medium) to the slices of non-lactating mammary gland increases the respiration rate by 40%. No insulin stimulation of the respiration rate of the mammary gland slices during lactation was observed. The recorded fast response of the mammary gland tissue at rest to insulin may reflect different pattern of the relations between oxygen-dependent oxidation in mitochondria and oxidation of glucose in the pentose-phosphate cycle at different functional states of the organ. A conclusion is drawn as to possible demonstration of fast effect of insulin, unrelated to glucose transport, on the slices of rat's mammary gland at rest.

[Potentiometric study of redox systems of human erythrocytes using potassium ferricyanide]. / Potentsiometricheskoe issledovanie okislitel'no-vosstanovitel'nykh sistem eritrotsitov cheloveka s pomoshch'iu ferritsianida kaliia.

It was shown that the rate of potassium ferricyanide reduction in erythrocyte suspension recorded potentionmetrically depends on the activity of redox systems of erythrocytes. The rate of this process is increased after an addition of glucose, methylene blue and ascorbate. A sharp decline of the level of reducing equivalents in the hexose monophosphate pathway by tretbutylhydroperoxide stops the ferricyanide reduction. It is concluded that the hexose monophosphate shunt is a source of reducing equivalents for ferricyanide reduction. Ascorbic acid and methylene blue act as "carriers" of the reducing equivalents across the membrane and provide for the reduction of ferricyanide, i.e. compound, which does not penetrate the cell.

[Nature of the membrane potential of liver cells]. / O prirode membrannogo potentsiala kletok pecheni.

Light scattering (90 degrees) of Ehrlich ascites tumor and sarcoma 37 cell suspension in the temperature range 25,60 degrees C was studied (heating velocity was 3 grad/min). It is found that the scattering curve has the peak at 46 degrees C and two plots which are typical of phase transitions in the membranes; the first plot in the range 40-46 degrees C is reversible and the second one at 46-51 degrees C is irreversible. It is proposed that 46 degrees is a critical temperature for the membranes structure stability and viability of the studied cells.

[HCO3-stimulated ATPase from rat tissue homogenates]. / HCO3-stimuliruemaia AtRaza gomogenatove tkanei krysy

Light fractions of homogenates of rat heart, diaphragm, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, muscle, brain, gastric mucosa and of red blood cell membranes contained HCO3-stimulated ATPase. ATPase activity was increased by 15-77% by adding 25 mM HCO-3.

[HCO3-sensitive adenosinetriphosphatase from ascites tumour cells].

HCO3--sensitive ATPase was found in nuclear and plasma membrane fractions of Ehrlich ascites tumour cells and lymphoma NK cells. HCO3--ATPase was not sensitive to monovalent cations and to ouabain (10(-4) M). The 60 mM HCO3- is the concentration of maximal activation of the HCO3--sensitive ATPase. The HCO3--sensitive ATPase was inhibited by anions in the sequence: SCN- greater than F- greater than ClO4- greater J-. The anions Br-, NO3-, HSO3- were not effective.

[Comparative study of the effect of nonionic detergents as inhibitors of respiration of tumor ascites cells]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie deistvii neionnykh detergentov kak ingibitorov dykhaniia opukholevykh astsitnykh kletok

The action of derivatives of polyoxyethylene oxide (triton X-100, triton X-305, tween 21, tween 40, tween 60, and tween 80) on respiration of Ehrlich's tumor and rats ovarium tumor cells involved inhibition of the cells respiration due to alteration of commonly uncorrelated with the distribution of detergents between the cell and the extracellular milieu.