ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The significant causes of mortality among individuals with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) such as acute chest syndrome and cerebrovascular disease are related to vascular occlusion. Polymorphisms of the methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene in persons with sickle cell anaemia have been suggested as a potential risk for vaso-occlusive events, with the C677T and A1298C polymorphisms being the commonest. This study therefore aimed to establish the pattern of MTHFR C677T and A1298C gene mutations among adults with HbSS phenotype attending the Haematology Clinic in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Lagos, Nigeria. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was done among SCA patients attending the Haematology Clinic of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), using age and sex matched HbAA controls. DNA extraction and gene analysis were done. The selective amplification of a particular segment of the DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done and subsequent digestion of the amplified MTHFR gene into its various fragments. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of the C677T mutation among participants was 19.3% (37 of 192), while the prevalence of A1298C was 15% (29 of 192). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of MTHFR C677T was higher than A1298C mutations among sickle cell anaemia subjects.
Subject(s)
Anemia, Sickle Cell/genetics , Hemoglobin, Sickle/genetics , Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics , Acute Chest Syndrome/epidemiology , Acute Chest Syndrome/mortality , Adult , Alleles , Anemia, Sickle Cell/epidemiology , Anemia, Sickle Cell/mortality , Arterial Occlusive Diseases/complications , Case-Control Studies , Cerebrovascular Disorders/epidemiology , Cerebrovascular Disorders/mortality , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Humans , Male , Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)/metabolism , Middle Aged , Mutation , Nigeria/epidemiology , Phenotype , Risk Factors , Vascular Diseases/pathologyABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis co-infection with HIV is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. METHODS: This cross sectional study was carried out among HIV positive patients and HIV negative blood donors, HIV infected patients were recruited from the antiretroviral therapy clinics of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, in Nigeria. The diagnosis of HIV infection among patients and predonation screening of control blood donors was carried out using Determine 1/2 screening rapid kits. (Inverness Medical, Japan). Reactive patients' sera were confirmed with Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant Assay (Elisa) based immuuocomb 1&11 comb firm kits (Orgenics, Israel). Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) were assayed using 4(th) generation Dialab Elisa kits for patients and control sera. RESULTS: Dual presence of HBsAg and anti-HCV was observed in 4(3.9%) of HIV infected patients, while 29(28.4%) and 15(14.7%) were repeatedly reactive for HBsAg and anti-HCV respectively. HIV negative blood donor controls have HBsAg and anti-HCV prevalence of (22) 6.0% and (3) 0.8% respectively. The prevalence of hepatitis co infection is higher among the male study patients 16(50%) than the female 32 (45.7%).p > 0.001.Data analysis was done with statistical Package for social sciences (SPSS,9) and Chi square tests. CONCLUSION: This study reveals a higher risk and prevalence of HBV and HCV co infections among HIV infected patients compared to HIV negative blood donors p < 0.001.
Subject(s)
HIV Infections/complications , Hepatitis B/epidemiology , Hepatitis C/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Female , HIV Infections/diagnosis , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Hepatitis B/complications , Hepatitis B/diagnosis , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood , Hepatitis C/complications , Hepatitis C/diagnosis , Hepatitis C Antibodies/blood , Hospitals, University , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nigeria/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Young AdultABSTRACT
Introduction: Hepatitis co-infection with HIV is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out among HIV positive patients and HIV negative blood donors; HIV infected patients were recruited from the antiretroviral therapy clinics of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital; in Nigeria. The diagnosis of HIV infection among patients and predonation screening of control blood donors was carried out using Determine1/2 screening rapid kits. (Inverness Medical; Japan). Reactive patients' sera were confirmed with Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant Assay (Elisa) based immuuocomb1et11 comb firm kits (Orgenics; Israel). Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) were assayed using 4th generation Dialab Elisa kits for patients and control sera. Results: Dual presence of HBsAg and anti-HCV was observed in 4(3.9) of HIV infected patients; while 29(28.4) and 15(14.7) were repeatedly reactive for HBsAg and anti-HCV respectively. HIV negative blood donor controls have HBsAg and anti-HCV prevalence of (22) 6.0 and (3) 0.8 respectively. The prevalence of hepatitis co infection is higher among the male study patients 16(50) than the female32 (45.7).p0.001.Data analysis was done with statistical Package for social sciences (SPSS;9) and Chi square tests. Conclusion: This study reveals a higher risk and prevalence of HBV and HCV co infections among HIV infected patients compared to HIV negative blood donors p0.001
