ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To determine if the depth of corticotomy done with the piezoelectric knife could play a role in the intensity of the regional acceleratory phenomenon (RAP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: untreated (3 rats) and treatment (15 rats). In the treatment group, a split-model design was used. The right tibia received transcortical (deep) penetrations with the piezoelectric knife, while intracortical (shallow) penetrations were performed on the left tibia of the same animal. The rats were euthanized at day 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28. Cone-beam computed tomography scans were taken for each sample and then assessed by histological analysis. RESULTS: Higher amounts of osteoclastic activity and new collagen formation were observed in the deep penetration group when compared with the shallow penetration group. The former peaked at day 14 for both groups (1.53% ± 0.01% vs 0.03% ± 0.0004%, respectively), and the latter peaked at day 28 (0.65 × 106 ± 0.01 vs 0.08 × 106 ± 0.0008, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this study, it appears that the intensity of the RAP in the rat is corticotomy depth dependent. This is to be kept in mind when decorticating the bone during surgically facilitated orthodontic procedures.
Subject(s)
Osteoclasts , Tibia , Animals , Bone and Bones , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Tibia/diagnostic imaging , Tibia/surgery , Tooth Movement TechniquesABSTRACT
TNF-a is an important cytokine mediator of inflammation which suggests that inhibition of TNF activity may provide potential for clinical application. Recent data indicated that treatment of both human and mouse cells with Kavain significantly modulates P. gingivalis- and LPS-induced TNF-α expression. In order to obtain a selective analog with optimized biological activity and structural physico-chemical properties of Kavain, Kavain analogs were designed and synthesized and found one Kavain analogue (named Kav001) that is similar to Kavain but soluble and does not induce a significant toxicity. Both studies in vitro and in vivo treatment by Kav001 showed stronger biological function as compared to Kavain. Furthermore, most mouse bone marrow macrophages up-regulated Bcl-6 while down-regulating LITAF expression after treatment with Kav001 for 36 h. Consequently, this led to an extension of macrophage pseudopods due to its immune response to P.g. infection/LPS stimulation.
Subject(s)
Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy , Inflammation/drug therapy , Lipopolysaccharides/toxicity , Macrophages, Peritoneal/drug effects , Porphyromonas gingivalis/pathogenicity , Pyrones/pharmacology , Animals , Anticonvulsants/pharmacology , Arthritis, Experimental/etiology , Arthritis, Experimental/pathology , Bacteroidaceae Infections/drug therapy , Bacteroidaceae Infections/microbiology , Cytokines/metabolism , Inflammation/etiology , Inflammation/pathology , Macrophages, Peritoneal/microbiology , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Pyrones/chemistry , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolismABSTRACT
Adherent cells such as mouse RAW cells or human cancer U2OS cells are beneficial to DNA transfection, with 20%-60% transfection efficiency. However, this DNA transfection is rarely used on suspension cells due to its low transfection efficiency (≤5%). We recently found a new DNA transfection method to increase the efficiency up to 13.5% in suspension cells without PMA treatment. We also found that DNA transfection of human TNFAIP1 or CXCL1 recombinant plasmid DNA in THP-1â¯cells induces a high level of TNF-α protein. Overall, this new method is simple yet efficient and can be used for the overexpression of DNA in suspension cells.
