ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This study is aimed to explore the correlation between bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates, including diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) and dibutylphthalate (DBP), and precocious puberty (PP). METHODS: A case-control study was conducted in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, from November 2021 to April 2022, involving 250 children, with 124 of them diagnosed with PP and 126 serving as controls. We assessed the levels of urinary BPA, DEHP, and DBP in all participants and examined their association with the risk of PP. RESULTS: BPA was detected in 11.3â¯% of PP cases but was not found in any individuals in the control group (p<0.001). Diethylhexylphthalate metabolite (MEHP) was not detected in any of the samples. Positive urinary results for dibutylphthalate metabolite (MBP) were observed in 8.1â¯% of PP cases and 2.4â¯% in the control group, with an odds ratio of 3.6 (95â¯% confidence interval: 0.97-13.4, p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The PP group exhibited a higher prevalence of positive urinary BPA and DBP levels compared to the control group.
Subject(s)
Benzhydryl Compounds , Phenols , Phthalic Acids , Puberty, Precocious , Humans , Phenols/urine , Puberty, Precocious/urine , Puberty, Precocious/chemically induced , Puberty, Precocious/epidemiology , Benzhydryl Compounds/urine , Female , Vietnam/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Male , Phthalic Acids/urine , Child , Environmental Exposure/adverse effects , Environmental Exposure/analysis , Diethylhexyl Phthalate/urine , Follow-Up Studies , Dibutyl Phthalate/urine , Dibutyl Phthalate/analysis , Prognosis , Endocrine Disruptors/urine , Southeast Asian PeopleABSTRACT
Acute promyelocytic leukemia is a special type of acute myeloid leukemia. Patients with this disease are at high risk of complications. Right atrial thrombosis is a rare but potentially serious complication. A 55-month-old girl with acute promyelocytic leukemia M3 was in her last phase of treatment. Radiologic examination revealed an echo structure in the right atrium that was still present after 6 weeks of anticoagulation treatment with enoxaparin. Cardiac surgery was performed to remove the mass, which was found to be a calcified thrombus. Although this is a rare occurrence, recognition of the possibility of a calcified thrombus may minimize misdiagnosis and allow surgical retrieval if the thrombus is sufficiently large.
