A bibliometric analysis for relapsed/refractory Non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the current research status and trends of publications on relapsed/refractory Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (r/r NHL) using CiteSpace software and to know which centers and authors we should follow in the first place while doing research on r/r NHL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The publications were retrieved from the Web of Science Core collection database, and CiteSpace (5.5.R5) software was used to analyze the authors, institutions, countries, and keywords. RESULTS: A total of 567 publications from 2009 to 2021 were retrieved, and the most fertile authors, institutions, nationalities and keywords in the field of r/r NHL were identified. Pier Luigi Zinzani team, Kensei Tobinai team, Andre Goy team, and Julie M. Vose team are recognized the main research teams in this field. USA makes the greatest contribution having research funds for r/r NHL. Key cluster areas of research include mantle cell lymphoma, pathway, lymphoma, relapse, pixantrone, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, romidepsin, relapsed, T-cell lymphoma, and activated T cells. According to the keywords' timeline, the research trends of r/r NHL changed from bone marrow transplantation, radioimmunotherapy, chemotherapy to novel target drugs (like ibritumomab tiuxetan, inhibitor) and criteria EBM. CONCLUSIONS: The bibliometric study provides insights into hotspots and trends in the field of r/r NHL in the past 12 years. It serves us to extract useful information from complex data and provide information for clinicians and researchers.

[Impact of daily mean temperature, cold spells, and heat waves on stroke mortality a multivariable Meta-analysis from 12 counties of Hubei province, China].

Objective: To assess the acute effects of daily mean temperature, cold spells, and heat waves on stroke mortality in 12 counties across Hubei province, China. Methods: Data related to daily mortality from stroke and meteorology in 12 counties across Hubei province during 2009-2012, were gathered. Distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was first used, to estimate the county-specific associations between daily mean temperature, cold spells, heat waves and stroke mortality. Multivariate Meta-analysis was then applied to pool the community-specific relationships between temperature and stroke mortality (exposure-response relationship) as well as both cold- and- heat-associated risks on mortality at different lag days (lag-response relationship). Results: During 2009-2012, a total population of 6.7 million was included in this study with 42 739 persons died of stroke. An average of 2.7 (from 0.5 to 6.0) stroke deaths occurred daily in each county, with annual average mean temperature as 16.6 ℃ (from 14.7 ℃ to 17.4 ℃) during the study period. An inverse J-shaped association between temperature and stroke mortality was observed at the provincial level. Pooled mortality effect of cold spells showed a 2-3-day delay and lasted about 10 days, while effect of heat waves appeared acute but attenuated within a few days. The mortality risks on cold-spell days ranged from 0.968 to 1.523 in 12 counties at lag 3-14, with pooled effect as 1.180 (95%CI:1.043-1.336). The pooled mortality risk (ranged from 0.675 to 2.066) on heat-wave days at lag 0-2 was 1.114 (95%CI: 1.012-1.227). Conclusions: An inverse J-shaped association between temperature and stroke mortality was observed in Hubei province, China. Both cold spells and heat waves were associated with increased stroke mortality, while different lag patterns were observed in the mortality effects of heat waves and cold spells.

[Acute effect of daily mean temperature on ischemic heart disease mortality: a multivariable meta-analysis from 12 counties across Hubei Province, China].

Objective: To evaluate the acute effects of daily mean temperature on ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality in 12 counties across Hubei Province, China. Methods: We obtained the daily IHD mortality data and meteorological data of the 12 counties for 2009-2012. The distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was used to estimate the community-specific association between mean temperature and IHD mortality. A multivariate meta-analysis was then applied to pool the community-specific relationship between temperature and IHD mortality, and the effects of cold and heat on mortality risk. Results: In 2009-2012, of the 6 702 012 people included in this study, 19 688 died of IHD. A daily average of 1.2 IHD deaths occurred in each community. The annual average mean temperature was 16.6 ℃ during the study period. A nonlinear temperature-IHD mortality relationship was observed for different cumulative lag days at the provincial level. The pooled heat effect was acute but attenuated within 2 days. In contrast, the cold effect was delayed and persisted for more than 2 weeks. Compared with a reference temperature (25th percentile of mean temperature during the study period, P25), the cold effect for P10 of mean temperature was associated with IHD mortality, the RR(95% CI) was 1.084 (1.008-1.167) at lag 0-14, and 1.149 (1.053-1.253) at lag 0-21. For the P1 cold temperature, the mortality RR (95% CI) values were 1.116 (0.975-1.276) and 1.220 (1.04-1.428), respectively. We found no significant association between high temperatures and IHD mortality in the present study at different lag days. Conclusion: In Hubei Province, low temperature was associated with increased IHD mortality risk, and cold effects lasted for several days; no significant effect of high temperature was observed.

Microwave dielectric measurements of erythrocyte suspensions.

Complex dielectric constants of human erythrocyte suspensions over a frequency range from 45 MHz to 26.5 GHz and a temperature range from 5 to 40 degrees C have been determined with the open-ended coaxial probe technique using an automated vector network analyzer (HP 8510). The spectra show two separate major dispersions (beta and gamma) and a much smaller dispersion between them. The two major dispersions are analyzed with a dispersion equation containing two Cole-Cole functions by means of a complex nonlinear least squares technique. The parameters of the equation at different temperatures have been determined. The low frequency behavior of the spectra suggests that the dielectric constant of the cell membrane increases when the temperature is above 35 degrees C. The real part of the dielectric constant at approximately 3.4 GHz remains almost constant when the temperature changes. The dispersion shifts with temperature in the manner of a thermally activated process, and the thermal activation enthalpies for the beta- and gamma-dispersions are 9.87 +/- 0.42 kcal/mol and 4.80 +/- 0.06 kcal/mol, respectively.

Impedance spectroscopy of human erythrocytes: system calibration and nonlinear modeling.

We present in detail our impedance measurement method, the cell embodding technique, for human erythrocytes, and an accurate calibration procedure for a true four-electrode impedance measurement system. This technique with the calibration procedure gives reliable impedance measurements over a wide frequency range--1 Hz to 10 MHz. To achieve high sensitivity in this frequency range, we embed the cells in the pores of a Nuclepore filter. The calibration procedure assumes that the measurement system is linear, and requires measurement of three reference impedances. The reliability of this procedure is demonstrated with various RC circuits, and application of it to the bio-impedancae measurement system eliminates a quasi-dispersion in the high-frequency range, and increases the bandwidth at both the low- and high-frequency ends of the range by about a decade. We model the impedance of the cells embedded within the filter with an equivalent circuit that is consistent with the geometry and interfaces present. The experimental data are fitted to this model by means of a complex nonlinear least squares (CNLS) fit, which simultaneously fits the real and imaginary parts of the impedance with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. The impedance spectra of human erythrocytes are found to display constant-phase-angle (CPA) characteristics. A CPA element is an impedance of the form Z = A/(jw) alpha, where A is a constant, j = square root -1, omega is angular frequency, and 0 < alpha < 1, and has been used to describe the ac response of the interface between the cell surface and the external electrolyte solution. Such a CPA element may be related to fractal character of the interface.

Frequency domain impedance measurements of erythrocytes. Constant phase angle impedance characteristics and a phase transition.

We report measurements of the electrical impedance of human erythrocytes in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 10 MHz, and for temperatures from 4 to 40 degrees C. In order to achieve high sensitivity in this frequency range, we embedded the cells in the pores of a filter, which constrains the current to pass through the cells in the pores. Based on the geometry of the cells embedded in the filter a circuit model is proposed for the cell-filter saline system. A constant phase angle (CPA) element, i.e., an impedance of the form Z = A/(j omega)alpha, where A is a constant, j = square root of -1, omega is angular frequency, and 0 less than alpha less than 1 has been used to describe the ac response of the interface between the cell surface and the electrolyte solution, i.e., the electrical double layer. The CPA and other elements of the circuit model are determined by a complex nonlinear least squares (CNLS) fit, which simultaneously fits the real and imaginary parts of the experimental data to the circuit model. The specific membrane capacitance is determined to be 0.901 +/- 0.036 microF/cm2, and the specific cytoplasm conductivity to be 0.413 +/- 0.031 S/m at 26 degrees C. The temperature dependence of the cytoplasm conductivity, membrane capacitance, and CPA element has been obtained. The membrane capacitance increases markedly at approximately 37 degrees C, which suggests a phase transition in the cell membrane.